賓補+主謂一致講解

1、高一英語模塊三 Unit 3 GrammarM3 Unit 3 Grammar and Usage一英語的五種基本句型結構：賓語補足語S十V主謂結構He runs quickly 他跑得快。S十V十 P主系表結構The story sounds interesting 這個故事聽起來有趣。S十V十 O主謂賓結構 They built a house last year 他們去年建了一所房子。S十V十 O1十 O主謂雙賓結構 He offered me his seat/ his seat to me他把座位讓給我。2S十V十 O十 C主謂賓賓補結構They found her happy th

2、at day 他們發(fā)現那天她很高興。I found him out 我發(fā)現他出去了。They named the boy Charlie 他們給這個男孩起名為查理。I saw him come in and go out 我見他進來又出去。They felt the car moving fast 他們感到汽車行駛得很快。He found the door of study closed to him 他發(fā)現研究所的大門對他關閉了。說明：S主語； V謂語； P表語； O賓語； O1間接賓語； O2直接賓語； C賓語補足語二賓語補足語：1、定義： The object complement gi

3、ves more information about the object. 顧名思義， 賓補是補充說明賓語，使句子意義完整的句子成分。2、使用場合：Verb + object + object complement3、可以充當賓語補足語的詞和詞組有：(1). 名詞：We made him our monitor.They thought this good advice.They named their daughter Jenny.注：充當賓語補足語的名詞若表示正式的或獨一無二的頭銜、職位時，前面一般不用冠詞。They elected John chairman of the commit

4、tee.(2). 形容詞：You should keep your room clean and tidy.We d better leave the dooropen.We found the ruins most interesting.(3). 介詞短語He left his bag in the office.We found ourselves in the middle of a desert.(4). 副詞He opened the window to let the fresh air in.I saw him out with his father the day befor

5、e yesterday.(5). 現在分詞：I m sorry to have youwaiting for so long.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.(6). 過去分詞：When he wake up, he found himself tied to a tree.He raised his voice to make himself heard.I had my watch repaired yesterday.(7). 不定

6、式或 省略to 的不定式My mother allowed me to play games for a while.Can you make your car park over there?注： (1).使用不定式作賓語補足語時，五看（ see, watch, notice, observe, look at ） 三使（ make,let, have） 兩聽（ listen to, hear ）一感覺（ feel） 后接省略to 的不定式(2).help 一詞后的不定式，可帶to，也可以不帶to。4、在復合賓語中，賓語通常為名詞或代詞，但有時也可以用不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或 tha

7、t 從句來充當。 一般情況下， 賓補通常緊跟在賓語之后。值得注意的是： think, find, consider,1高一英語模塊三 Unit 3 Grammarfeel, make, take 等動詞應使用先行 it代替賓語， it 后面應接賓補，而將真正的賓語移到句子的后部I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.I think it very important to attend this meeting.We all thought it a pitythat you couldn t join us.feel, find

8、,注意： 在這種結構中， 賓語補足語通常為名詞或形容詞；常用于這種結構的動詞有：think, make, take, judge, consider等?！拘〗Y】1、賓語補足語是補充賓語的成分，通常置于賓語之后。賓語 +賓語補足語 =>復合賓語。2、可以用作賓補的有名詞、 形容詞、 副詞、介詞短語、 動詞不定式、 現在分詞和過去分詞。3、能帶賓補的動詞一定是及物動詞。4、主動語態(tài)句子中的賓語在被動語態(tài)句子中是主語，相應的賓補就成為主補。常跟賓語補足語的動詞 ：第一類 , 感官動詞 , 所接的賓補可以是不帶to 的動詞不定式，也可以是現在分詞或過去分詞。feel, hear, listen

9、to, notice, observe, see, watch, look atI saw him cross/crossing the road. => He was seen_/ _ the road.但句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式的to 要還原。第二類 ,使役動詞， 所接的賓補多為動詞不定式或過去分詞。如：let, have, get, make, would like,want 等。This makes people know the importance of protecting the environment.If you are back, will you please

10、make yourself known to me?The machine doesn t work. I must haverpairedit right now.第三類 , 含命名意義的動詞，所接的賓補一般是名詞。如：call, name, appoint,elect, make,consider 等。Call me Joe, please.She was elected president of the company.第四類 ,v. + sb. + to do sth. 結構中的動詞，所接的賓補一般是不定式。這類動詞有： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause,

11、expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order,permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report 等第五類 ,find, keep, leave等幾個詞的用法非常靈活，后面所接的賓補可以是形容詞、副詞、現在分詞、過去分詞等。We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long?Kee

12、p the door closed.Exercises:一單句改錯1. We all elected Jason the monitor.2. The teacher asked us not make so much noise.3. -What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!- During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.4. Don t leave the water run while you brush your teeth.5. He pushed the door

13、 opening.6. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.7. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.8. When I came in, I found a boy hide behind the door.9. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfi

14、nished.10 He was heard sing last night.二用所給動詞的適當形式填空1. In the end, we found the girl _ (lock) in a dark room.2. Just at that time, I saw an old woman _ (cross) the narrow street.3.Don t let your son（ play） computer games like this any more.4.I ve never heard the word(use) in spoken English.5.I think

15、 you can t force your son(go) to see her.三單項填空2高一英語模塊三Unit 3 Grammar1 Tell him _ the window.A.to shut notB. not to shutC. to not shutD. not shut2. - There s a hole in your bag.- I know, I m going to have it.A.mendB. mendingC. mendedD. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _, toda

16、y he was made _ by his little sister.A.cry; to cryB. crying; cryingC. cry; cryD. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB. risking to goC. for risk to goD. risk going5. I found the door _when I got home.A.openedB. closeC. unlockingD. open6. The boy wanted to ri

17、de his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A.not toB. not to doC. not doD. do not to7. I couldn t do my homework withthatall noise_.A.going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settledB. settlingC. to

18、settleD. being settled9. I advised _ at once.A.him to startingB. him to startC. to startingD. to start10.When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _.A.beatB. to be beatingC. beatingD. was beating11.You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth.A.pull outB. to pull outC. pulled out

19、D. pulling out12.He managed to make himself _ with his _ English.A. understand; breakingB. understand; broken C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken13.The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _.A. exposeB. exposedC. to exposeD. exposing14 Don t you think it _ to learn this kind of skill at

20、 present?A. difficultyB. difficultC. difficultlyD. the different15.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skill.A. for me takingB. me takingC. for me to takeD. me to take16.The director had her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting.A. picked upB. picks upC. pick upD. picki

21、ng up17.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _in the kitchen.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked18.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak19.I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back i

22、n a minute?A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt20.He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures.A. interestingB. interestC. interestedD. to interest主謂一致在英語句子里，謂語受主語支配，其動詞必須和主語在人稱和數上保持一致，這就叫主謂一致。1、 以單數名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句做主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式；主語為復數時，謂語

23、動詞用復數形式。如： His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all.The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 注：由 what 引導的主語從句，后面的謂語動詞多數情況用單數形式，但若表語是復數或what 從句是一個帶有復數意義的并列結構時，主句的謂語動詞用復數形式。如： Wh

24、at I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.3高一英語模塊三Unit 3 Grammar2、 由連接詞and 或 bothand連接起來的合成主語后面，要用復數形式的謂語動詞。Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates.The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.Both she and he are League members.注： 若

25、 and 所連接的兩個詞是指同一個人，物或同一概念時，它后面的謂語動詞就應用單數形式。如： The writer and artist has come. /Trial and error is the source of our knowledge. 由 and 連接的并列單數主語前如果分別有no, each, every, many a 等修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.3、 主語為單數名詞或代詞，盡管后面跟有with, toge

26、ther with, except, but, like, as well as, ratherthan, more than, no less than, besides, including 等引起的短語， 謂語動詞仍用單數形式； 若主語為復數，謂語用復數形式。 (就前原則 )如： Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.4、 ei

27、ther, neither, each, every 或 no +單數名詞和由 some, any, no, every 構成的復合不定代詞，都作單數看待。如： Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter. 在口語中當either 或 neither 后跟有 “of+復數名詞（或代詞）”作主語時，其謂語動詞也可用復數。如： Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. 若 none of 后面的名詞是不可數名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數；若它后面的名詞是復數，它的謂語動詞用單數或復

28、數都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定語從句時，關系代詞that, who, which等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數應與句中先行詞的數一致。注： 在 one of + 復數名詞 +who/that/which 引導的定語從句中， 從句的謂語用復數如： He is one of my friends who are working hard.在 the only/very one of + 復數名詞 +who/which/that 引導的定語從句中，從句的謂語用單數如： He is the only one of my friends w

29、ho is working hard.6、如果集體名詞指的是整個集體，它的謂語動詞用單數；如果它指集體的成員，其謂語動詞就用復數形式。這些詞有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls./ The class are doing experiments.The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70% of the population are peasants.people, police,

30、cattle等名詞一般都用作復數。如： The police are looking for the lost child.7、由“ some,/ half,/a lot of, /lots of, /plenty of, /the rest of, /the majority of +名詞”構成的短語以及由“分數或百分數+名詞”構成的短語作主語，其謂語動詞的數要根據短語中后面名詞的數而定。如： There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the stu

31、dents in our class are girls.a number of “許多”，作定語修飾復數名詞，謂語用復數；the number of “的數量”，主語是number ，謂語用單數。8由 kind /type/ series /quantity of 等修飾的主語，其謂語形式取決于這些詞的單復數而不是它們后面所跟的名詞。如： Large quantities of water are needed for watering the flowers.A new type of bus is now on show.9、在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數應與其后的主語一致。如： There

32、comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.10 Many a + 單數名詞（許多）； more than one +單數名詞做主語時，謂語用單數形式。如； Many a page in this book is missing./ More than one student has failed in the exam.注： more than +名詞復數或 more + 名詞復數+ than one 做主語時，謂語用復數形式，如： More than 20

33、 students are playing basketball./ More people than one are against your plan.11、 what, who, which, any, more, all 等代詞可以是單數，也可是復數，主要靠意思來決定。如： Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.12、表示“時間、重量、長度、價值”等的名詞的復數做主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式，這是由于做主語的名詞在概念上是一個整體，如：Thir

34、ty minutes is enough for the work.13、若英語是書名、片名、格言、劇名、報名、國名等的復數形式，其謂語動詞通常用單數形式。 如： The Arabian Nights is an interesting story-book.4高一英語模塊三Unit 3 Grammar14、表數量的短語 “ one and a half 后接復”數名詞做主語時，其謂語動詞可用單數形式（也可用復數。如： One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.15、一些學科名詞是以ics結尾，如： mathematics, politi

35、cs, physics以及 news, works 等，都屬于形式上是復數的名詞，實際意義為單數名詞，它們做主語時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。如： The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isnt easy to study.16、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等詞做主語時， 謂語用復數， 但如果這些名詞前有 a (the) pair of 等量詞修飾時， 謂語動詞用單數。 如：My glasses are broken. / The pairof s

36、hoes is under the bed.17、“定冠詞 the + 形容詞或分詞”，表示某一類人時，動詞用復數。如： The old are taken good care of here.18（、 1）當兩個主語由eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not ,onotly but but also連接時，謂語動詞和鄰近的主語一致。（就近原則）如： Either the teacher or the students areour friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he n

37、or they wholly right?As far as I know, not only his parents but also his brother treats the girl very well.（ 2） there be 句型 be 動詞單復數取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and 連接的兩個主語，則應與靠近的那個主語保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room.Exercises:1、用所給詞的適當形式填空1)His Selected Poems( be )first published in 1965 2)Twent

38、y dollars( be )enough for the coat 3)The poor woman with her two children( see, beg ) in a street corner4) Is there anybody in the classroom? No, the teacher as well as the students( go ) to the playground 5)Three-fourths of the land( cover ) by forest and grass6) Have you heard about the new school

39、? No, when and where to build the new one( not decide )7)E-mail ，as well as telephones，( play ) an important part in daily communication 8)The worker and poet( invite ) to the party the other day 9)This morning I saw Mr. Lee(kill) a chicken.10) When I was here last year, the bridge was seen(build)by

40、 the workers.2、句型轉換1. Both his father and mother are fond of light music. ( 改為否定句 )_2. We find that it is important to learn a foreign language well. (改為簡單句 )_3. If you can keep still, you can sit on this end of the boat and you can also sit on that end.(用 either or改變句型 )_4. Helen is not good at French and Joh