Chfgcoa北美精算師大綱

1、Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beauty of the ditch dug a shallow groove ; Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep.- Shakespeare基本教育階段(6門(mén)課程)： 課程1：精算科學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ) 說(shuō)明：這門(mén)課程的目的是為了培養(yǎng)關(guān)于一些基礎(chǔ)數(shù)學(xué)工具的知識(shí)，形成從數(shù)量角度評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力，特別是應(yīng)用這些工具來(lái)解決精算科學(xué)中的問(wèn)題。并且假設(shè)學(xué)員在學(xué)習(xí)這門(mén)課程之前已經(jīng)熟練掌握了微積分、概

2、率論的有關(guān)內(nèi)容及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的基本知識(shí)。主要內(nèi)容及概念：微積分、概率論、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理（包括損失頻率、損失金額、自留額、免賠額、共同保險(xiǎn)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保費(fèi)） 課程2：利息理論、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和金融學(xué) 說(shuō)明：這門(mén)課程包括利息理論，中級(jí)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，金融學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。在學(xué)習(xí)這門(mén)課程之前要求具有微積分和概率論的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。主要內(nèi)容及概念：利息理論，微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，金融學(xué)基礎(chǔ) 課程3：隨機(jī)事件的精算模型 說(shuō)明：通過(guò)這門(mén)課程的學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)員關(guān)于隨機(jī)事件的精算模型的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及這些模型在保險(xiǎn)和金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中的應(yīng)用。在學(xué)習(xí)這門(mén)課程之前要求熟練掌握微積分、概率論和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。建議學(xué)員在通過(guò)課程1和課程2后學(xué)習(xí)這門(mén)課程。主要

3、內(nèi)容及概念：保險(xiǎn)和其它金融隨機(jī)事件，生存模型，人口數(shù)據(jù)分析，定量分析隨機(jī)事件的金融影響 課程4：精算建模方法 說(shuō)明：該課程初步介紹了建立模型的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和用于建模的重要的精算和統(tǒng)計(jì)方法。在學(xué)習(xí)這門(mén)課程之前要求熟練掌握微積分、線性代數(shù)、概率論和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。 主要內(nèi)容及概念： 模型模型的定義 為何及如何使用模型 模型的利弊 確定性的和隨機(jī)性的模型 模型選擇 輸入和輸出分析 敏感性檢驗(yàn) 研究結(jié)果的檢驗(yàn)和反饋 方法回歸分析 預(yù)測(cè) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)理論 信度理論 課程5精算原理應(yīng)用 說(shuō)明：這門(mén)課程提供了產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類(lèi)，定價(jià)/費(fèi)率擬定/建立保險(xiǎn)基金，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)，分配，管理和估價(jià)的學(xué)習(xí)。覆蓋的范圍包括金融保障計(jì)劃,

4、職工福利計(jì)劃，事故撫恤計(jì)劃，政府社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)和養(yǎng)老計(jì)劃及一些新興的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域如產(chǎn)品責(zé)任，擔(dān)保的評(píng)估，環(huán)境的維護(hù)成本和制造業(yè)的應(yīng)用。 該課程的學(xué)習(xí)材料綜合了各種計(jì)劃和覆蓋范圍以展示精算原理在各研究領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用的一致性和差異性。為了鼓勵(lì)這種學(xué)習(xí)方法，該課程在研究各精算課題，如定價(jià)等時(shí)考慮該課題在各領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用而不是相反。 主要內(nèi)容及概念：計(jì)劃和產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類(lèi)原理和技術(shù)，精算原理和實(shí)務(wù)在定價(jià)、費(fèi)率擬定、建立保險(xiǎn)基金及傳統(tǒng)和新興的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)、分配和管理，負(fù)債和保險(xiǎn)基金評(píng)估的精算技術(shù) 課程6投資和資產(chǎn)管理 說(shuō)明：該課程是用于投資和資產(chǎn)負(fù)債管理領(lǐng)域的精算原理的拓展。學(xué)員在完成該課程的學(xué)習(xí)后，將會(huì)對(duì)

5、資本市場(chǎng)、投資工具、衍生證券及應(yīng)用、投資組合管理和資產(chǎn)負(fù)債管理有深入的了解。主要內(nèi)容及概念：資本市場(chǎng)和基本投資原理，投資工具，衍生證券，投資組合管理的原理，資產(chǎn)負(fù)債管理 財(cái)產(chǎn)和意外險(xiǎn)精算師學(xué)會(huì)(CAS)考試制度介紹 從2005年春季開(kāi)始考試體系變更如下： 第一階段是準(zhǔn)精算師(ACAS)，要求通過(guò)以下七大部分課程： EXAM 1：概率論（包含微積分） 3小時(shí) (聯(lián)合考試, =SOA EXAM P) EXAM 2：金融數(shù)學(xué)（利息理論） 2小時(shí) (聯(lián)合考試, =

6、SOA EXAM MF) EXAM 3：統(tǒng)計(jì)和精算模型 4小時(shí) (CAS單獨(dú)命題) EXAM 4：精算建模（擬合模型和信度） 4小時(shí) (聯(lián)合考試, =SOA EXAM C) EXAM 5：非壽險(xiǎn)原理和費(fèi)率厘訂 4小時(shí) EXAM 6：準(zhǔn)備金、保險(xiǎn)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則和再保險(xiǎn) 4小時(shí) EXAM 7：年度報(bào)表、稅收和法規(guī) 4小時(shí) (分美國(guó)和加拿大體系) 第二階段是精算師(FC

7、AS)，要求通過(guò)以下兩大部分課程： EXAM 8：投資和金融分析 4小時(shí) EXAM 9：高級(jí)費(fèi)率厘訂、收益率和個(gè)體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率厘訂計(jì)劃 4小時(shí) CAS考試的EXAM 1采用計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)考試（CBT），CAS考試的EXAM 2-4采取單項(xiàng)選擇（multiple choice）形式出卷， EXAM 5-9采取單項(xiàng)選擇+問(wèn)答題（multiple choice + essay）形式出卷?？忌ㄟ^(guò)EXAM 1-7、三門(mén)VEE以及CAS Cou

8、rse on Professionalism后可獲得ACAS資格證書(shū)；完成全部九門(mén)課程、三門(mén)VEE以及CAS Course on Professionalism后，方可獲得FCAS資格證書(shū)。 CAS每年春季、夏季和秋季舉辦三次考試，每門(mén)成績(jī)采取10分制。6-10分表示已通過(guò)該門(mén)課程的考試，0-5分表示未通過(guò)。考生在考試后2個(gè)月左右將收到成績(jī)報(bào)告單，通過(guò)考試者成績(jī)一律標(biāo)注為PASS；未通過(guò)者則被告知具體分?jǐn)?shù)，分?jǐn)?shù)越高表示距通過(guò)分?jǐn)?shù)線越近。每年通過(guò)分?jǐn)?shù)線均不相同，由負(fù)責(zé)每門(mén)課程的委員收集歷年試題的難易程度系數(shù)確定該門(mén)課程的初步通過(guò)分?jǐn)?shù)線，

9、上報(bào)專(zhuān)職副會(huì)長(zhǎng)審定批準(zhǔn)。 CAS考試資料分為Web Note和Study Kit。其中Web Note是多篇相互獨(dú)立的文章，可以從CAS網(wǎng)站上下載；而Study Kit則通常是教材章節(jié)或者指定資料，必須向協(xié)會(huì)訂購(gòu)。Study Manual 是CAS的復(fù)習(xí)資料，針對(duì)Web Note和Study Kit的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)歸納，不由協(xié)會(huì)提供。  Study Notes: SNs for Course 1-4 are avail

10、able on our Web site (). Code Title 1-05-01 Course 1 Introductory Study Note 1-09-00 Sample Examination #1 1-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 1 1-12-00 November 2000 

11、;Course/Exam 1 1-21-00 Risk and Insurance 1-22-00 Chapter 4.10 and 12 from Risk Management and Insurance by C.A.Williams, Jr., and M.L., Smith, 1998, Mcgram-Hill, (background 

12、reading)Texts 1、 Principles of Corporate Finance (Sixth Edition), 2000, by Brealey,R.A. and Myers, S.C., Chapter 1,4-21, and 28 2、 Price Theory and Application (Fourth Edition),

13、60;1999, by Landsburg,S.E., Chapters 1-5,7-8,9(9.3 only), 10-11, and 14 3、 Theory of Interest (Second Edition), 1991, by Kellison, S.G.,Chapters 1-3 (exclude 3.6 3.7, 3.10 ), 

14、4-5 (exclude 5.7-5.9), 6 (exclude 6.7-6.8), 7 (7.3-7.4 only), and 8 (8.5-8.6 only). Study Notes: SNs for Course 1-4 are available on our Web site (). Code 

15、;Title 2-05-01 Course 2 Introductory Study Note 2-09-00 Sample Examination #1 2-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 2 2-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam 2 2-21-00 Macroeconomics (Third Print

16、ing) Texts 1. Actuarial Mathematics ( Second Edition ), 1997, by Bowers, N.U., Hickman, J.C., Jones, D.A. amd Nesbitt, C.J., Chapters 5.1-5.4, 6.1-6.4, 7.1-7.6, Chapter 8,

17、0;Section 9.1-9.8, Chpters 10 and 13 (excluding autoregressive discrete-time model and appendix ), Section 14.5. Note: some notation presented in Chapters 13-14 of Actuarial Mathem

18、atics is introduced in Chapter 12. Candidates may find it helpful to refre to Chapter 12 when studying the readings in Chapters 13 and 14. 2. Introduction to Pr

19、obability Models ( Seventh Edition ), 2000, by Ross, S.M., Sections 2.8, 4.1-4.4, 4.5.1, 4.6, 5.3-5.4, 6.1-6.5, 6.8, 10.1-10.4. 3. Loss Models: From Data to Decisions, 19

20、98, by Klugman, S.A., Panjer, H.H., and Willmot, G.E., Sections 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2 ( Definitions 2.10, 2.11, 2.12 and 2,13 only), 2.6 (pp. 74-77, 83 only), 2.7 

21、(excluding Example 2.51), 2.10 (excluding 2.10.1 and following ), 31, 3.2.1-3.2.2, 3.3.1-3.3.2, 3.4.1, 3.5 (through the first full paragragh on page 222), 3.6.1, 3.7 (excluding

22、0;3.7.1 and 3.7.2), 3.9 (Example 3.29 only ), 3.10 (excluding Example 3.34 and following ), 3.10.2 (excluding Example 3.38 and following ), 4.1-4.3, 4.5-4.6 (excluding 

23、 ), 4.8, 4.9.4 (page 336 only ), 6.2.3, 6.3.1, . 4. Simulation ( Second Edition ), 1997, by Ross, S.M., Sections 3.1, 4.1-4.3, Chapter 5 (excluding 5.3 )

24、, and Chapter 6. 5. Survival Analysis, 1997, by Klein, J.P., and Moeschberger, M.L., Chapters 2-3 ( excluding 3.6) Study Notes: SNs for Course 1-4 are available on&#

25、160;our Web site (). Code Title 3-05-01 Course 2 Introductory Study Note 3-09-00 Sample Examination #1 3-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 3 3-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam&#

26、160;3 3-22-00 "Stochastic Models for Continuing Care Retirement Communities,"NAAJ, Vol.1, No.1, pp. 50-64 Texts 1. Econometric Models and Economic Forecasts ( Fourth Edition )

27、, 1998, by Pindyck, R.S. and Rubinfeld, D.L., Chapters 3-7, 15-18. 2. Loss Models: From Data to Decisions, 1998, by Klugman, S.A., Panjer, H.H., and Willmot, G.E., S

28、ections 1.5, 2.2-2.6, 2.8-2.10, 3.2.3, 3.3.3-3.3.4, 3.4.2, 3.5, 3.10.1 ( Beginning with Example 3.34 ), 5.1-5.5 (excluding 5.4.6 and 5.5.3 ). 3. Simulation ( Second Edition

29、60;), 1997, by Ross, S.M., Chapter 7 and Chapter 9. 4. Survival Analysis, 1997, by Klein, J.P., and Moeschberger, M.L., Chapters 4, 5 ( excluding 5.2 ), 6 (

30、0;excluding 6.4 ), 7 (sections 7.1-7.3 only ) and 8. Study Notes: SNs for Course 1-4 are available on our Web site (). Code Title 4-05-01 Course 4 In

31、troductory Study Note 4-09-00 Sample Examination #1 4-10-00 May 2000 Course/Exam 4 4-12-00 November 2000 Course/Exam 4. · ExamP(Probability)StudyNote-Fall2006· Candidates should be able to use and apply th

32、e following concepts in a risk management context:1. General Probability   Set functions including set notation and basic elements of probability Mutually exclusive events Addition and multiplication rules Independence of events Combinatorial probability Conditional probability Non Bayes T

33、heorem Bayes Theorem / Law of total probability 2. Univariate probability distributions (including binomial, negative binomial, geometric, hypergeometric, Poisson, uniform, exponential, chi-square, beta, Pareto, lognormal, gamma, Weibull, and normal).  Probability functions and probability

34、 density functions Cumulative distribution functions Conditional probability Mode, median, percentiles, and moments Variance and measures of dispersion Moment generating functions Transformations· 3. Multivariate probability distributions (including the bivariate normal) Joint probability funct

35、ions and joint probability density functions Joint cumulative distribution functions Central Limit Theorem Conditional and marginal probability distributions Moments for joint, conditional, and marginal probability distributions Joint moment generating functions Variance and measures of dispersion f

36、or conditional and marginal probability distributions Covariance and correlation coefficients Transformations and order statistics Probabilities and moments for linear combinations of independent random variables   Suggested TextsThere is no single required text for this exam.  T

37、he texts listed below may be considered as representative of the many texts available to cover material on which the candidate may be examined. Not all the topics may be covered adequately by just one text.  You may wish to use more than one of the following or other texts of your choosing in y

38、our preparation.  Earlier or later editions may also be adequate for review.  A First Course in Probability (Seventh Edition), 2005, by Ross, S.M., Chapters 18.   Fundamentals of Probability (Third Edition), 2005, by Ghahramani, S., Chapters 111.  John E. Freunds Mathematica

39、l Statistics with Applications (Seventh Edition), 2004, by Miller, I. Miller, M., Chapters 1-8.  Mathematical Statistics with Applications (Sixth Edition), 2002, by Wackerly, D., Mendenhall III, W. Scheaffer, R.,Chapters 1-7.  Probability for Risk Management, 1999, by Hassett, M. and

40、Stewart, D., Chapters 111.  Probability: The Science of Uncertainty with Applications to Investments, Insurance and Engineering 2001, by Bean, M.A., Chapters 19.Study Notes SNs for the Preliminary Education examinations are available on the SOA Web site under Exams and Jobs/Candidate and E

41、xam Information/Fall Exam Session/Fall 2006 Basic Education Catalog Study Notes Information.  Hard copies may be purchased by using the Study Note and Published Reference order form in the back of the printed catalog or by downloading the form from the Fall Exam Session Web page.SOA 改革全文Updated

42、 Information for Candidates and Members Education Redesign In August 2003, the Working Groups for the Education Redesign project, with the supportand endorsement of the Board of Governors published its recommendations for the education and examination process of the Society of Actuaries. That report

43、 is available at /eande/report_membership03.pdf). Work on developing a final implementation plan ensued along with a commentary period during which, you, our candidates and members, submitted questions and comments. This update describes the final design, conversion mapping and impl

44、ementation plans. A web cast "Town Hall" session to discuss the design and conversion plan, is being prepared for the first quarter of 2004. Please be sure to watch your email boxes and our web site, for information as it becomes available. Associateship Requirements Under the

45、redesign plan, the candidate is required to complete the Preliminary Education requirements, the Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice (FAP) Course, and the Associateship Professionalism Course (APC) for the ASA designation. The Preliminary Education requirements and the FAP Course may be attempted con

46、currently. The Preliminary Education Component will consist of (i) pre-requisites, (ii) subjects to be validated by educational experience, and (iii) four examinations. Pre-requisites are topics that will assist candidates in their exam progress and work life but will not be directly tested or valid

47、ated:   Calculus   Linear Algebra   Introductory Accounting   Business Law   Mathematical Statistics Validated by Educational Experience (VEE) Subjects are subjects for which candidates will demonstrate knowledge by submitting transcripts and course

48、descriptions from formal courses. Submissions will be reviewed to determine whether they meet the stated criteria. Economics. The requirement will be two semesters, one each of introductory microeconomics and macroeconomics. A one-semester survey course will not qualify. Corporate Finance. The requi

49、rement will typically be met by a course with an introductory corporate finance course as a prerequisite. Applied Statistical Methods. The course must cover both time series and regression (or a candidate may submit two courses). Detailed learning objectives for the three VEE subjects will be includ

50、ed in the final syllabus publication, scheduled for Summer 2004. Candidates will be able to compare those learning objectives to the descriptions of the courses they will submit under this plan. VEE submissions will be accepted starting on January 1, 2005. Submission procedures will be published pri

51、or to that date. There are three mechanisms by which VEE can be accomplished: 1. Completion, with a pre-set grade, of one or more courses offered by a recognized college or university and approved by the sponsoring organizations. a. Candidates or faculty members would submit a course or courses for

52、consideration. b. Generally, the only submission required for course approval will be the entry in the catalog, including pre-requisites and a description of the course. At its discretion, the committee making the determination may request additional information. c. To earn validation for an approve

53、d course, a candidate must receive a grade of B- or better. If the course is repeated, the highest grade earned can be used. If the institution does not use letter grading, the institution will be consulted to determine an appropriate translation. 2. Achieving a pre-set score on a standardized exami

54、nation, as determined by the sponsoring organizations. a. Specified score minimums on the Advanced Placement (AP) tests and College Level Examination Program (CLEP) tests for micro and macroeconomics will be accepted as VEE credit for economics. b. The committee responsible for VEE implementation wi

55、ll determine which other examinations qualify and the score required for credit. Additional research will be done regarding options such as the CFA exams. c. Two of the actuarial exams for which specific course credit was not received during the 2000 conversion can satisfy VEE, as follows: i. Unused

56、 PD credits earned from passing the pre-2000 Course 120 (Applied Statistical Methods) examination may be used for validation of Applied Statistics. ii. Unused PD credits earned from passing the pre-2000 Course 220 (Introduction to Asset Management and Corporate Finance) may be used for validation of

57、 Corporate Finance and Economics. Additional details on these two options are included under the conversion mapping section of this document. 3. Completion of educational experiences as approved by the sponsoring organizations. The CAS or SOA may choose to offer educational experience in a particula

58、r subject. Other vendors of educational programs may provide eligible educational experiences. By definition, a CAS or SOA experience would be accepted. All other options would need to be approved by the committee responsible for VEE. Preliminary Education Examinations   Exam P, Probabilit

59、y: Probability and supporting calculus; validated by a three-hour examination.   Exam MF, Mathematics of Finance: Theory of interest and introduction to financial economics; validated by a two-hour examination.   Exam M, Models for Quantifying Risk: Life contingencies, frequency

60、models and aggregate loss models; validated by a four-hour examination.   Exam C, Construction and Evaluation of Risk Models: Fitting parametric and nonparametric models and credibility; validated by a four hour-examination. Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice The e-Learning component of AS

61、A level education (previously referred to as the ASA Course) has an official new name - Fundamentals of Actuarial Practice (FAP) Course. As introduced in the August 2003 report, the module topics will be presented in the context of a control cycle. Module 1, Role of the Professional Actuary: Provide

62、 the basic framework for actuarial work and functions using a control cycle as a framework. Module 2, Core External Forces: Provide an understanding of how core external forces, outside of the actuary's sphere, integrate into actuarial work. Module 3, Typical Actuarial Problems: Provide an intro

63、duction to concepts within the context of common actuarial problems and assignments. Module 4, Solutions to Selected Actuarial Problems: Demonstrate how a complete control cycle is applied, through selected examples and sample solutions. Module 5, Design and Pricing of an Actuarial Solution: Introdu

64、ce and define common models for each area of practice. Module 6, Selection of an Actuarial Design and Model: Given a problem, find a solution by going through the entire process to select a model. Module 7, Selection of Initial Assumptions: Introduce the process and considerations in selecting assum

65、ptions as a component of finalizing the design solution and moving toward monitoring results. Module 8, Monitoring Experience - Model and Assumptions: Establish the link between designing the solution and monitoring the results via techniques for monitoring experience. Validation Plan for Fundamenta

66、ls of Actuarial Practice 1. To maintain standards, validation (including interactions embedded in the content, end-of-module tests and end-of-module exercises) will occur throughout the course. 2. Candidates will also be formally evaluated via computerized, multiple-choice examinations. The first ex

67、amination will cover content in Modules 1-5 and the second examination will cover content in Modules 6-8. These exams will be administered securely and frequently, with a potential to evolve to "on demand" over time. Associateship Professionalism Course (APC) The APC objectives are unchanged from the current description. Fellowship Requirements For the FSA designation, the candidate would be required to complete all of the ASA requirements plus the following additional educational elements: 1. Two pr