現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語-過去分詞作狀語-表語-賓補(bǔ)-定語

1、V-ing (現(xiàn)在分詞)作狀語 v-ed/done(過去分詞)作狀語，表語，定語, 賓補(bǔ).現(xiàn)在分詞的形式形式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式否定形式一般式doi ngbe ing donenot doing/ be ing done完成式havi ng donehaving been donenot havi ng (bee n) done二.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語辨析： 動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別。句子功能例句1作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于 whe n, while,as,after 等弓丨導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over b

2、y a car.=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.2作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于 as,because,s ince等弓丨導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句Having eaten too much he couldn't go to sleep.=Because he had eate n too much, he could n't go to sleep.3作條件狀語，相當(dāng)于if,o nce,u nless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句Using your head, you'll find a

3、good way. =If you use your head, you'll find a good way.4作方式或伴隨狀語，相當(dāng)于 and連接的并列謂語動(dòng)詞。Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. =Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5作結(jié)果狀語，可擴(kuò)展為有并 列謂語的句子。It rained heavily, causing flooding in that city. =Itrained heavi

4、ly so it caused flooding in that city.6作讓步狀語，相當(dāng)于 although,though,eve nif,even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀 語從句Living miles away, he attended the course.=Although he lived miles away, he attended the course.辨析：(1)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示自然而然的結(jié)果。(2)動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示意想不到的結(jié)果，常與only連用，構(gòu)成"only to do進(jìn)行。省略條件1:狀語從句的主語必須和主句的主語一致

5、省略條件2 :狀語從句有be動(dòng)詞Eg. While （I Was） wait in g, I was readi ng magaz in es.溫馨提示現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或已經(jīng)完成。注意非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是否與主句的主語一致。注意確定是否該用非謂語動(dòng)詞；注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，如果句中有連詞（and,/but/or-）,要用謂語動(dòng)詞。 注意非謂語動(dòng)詞與主句謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間順序。 注意與句式"祈使句 +an d/or+陳述句”的區(qū)別。V-ed過去分詞）作狀語一. 過去分詞（短語）作狀語時(shí)，表示被動(dòng)和完成，在句中一般可 以做時(shí)間，條件，原因，伴隨或方式，讓步狀語等。Eg.

6、 Asked about his family, he made no answer.Given more time, we will do it well.注意：（1）分詞狀語，其邏輯主語必須與句子主語一致。否則，需加上 自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格。Eg. Weather/Time permitting, we will go shopping together tomorrow.二. 過去分詞（短語）與現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作狀語的區(qū)別過去分詞（短語）與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即表被 動(dòng)；現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）與句子主語 之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即 表主動(dòng)。三. 過去分詞作定語 單個(gè)過

7、去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞之前，分詞短語作定語一般放 在被修飾詞之后，往往可被定語從句代替。四. 過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)規(guī)律說明例句過去分詞（短語）用在感官類動(dòng)詞 see,watch, notice, hear,fee等后面I was glad to see the child well take n care of .過去分詞（短語）用在表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞find,think等后面Whe n 1 came in, 1 found the glass broke n.過去分詞（短語）用在使役動(dòng)詞keep,get,make,leave,let, have 等后面They leave the water

8、 running.I raised my voice to make myself heard過去分詞（短語）用在“ with+賓 語+賓補(bǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示時(shí) 間，方式，條件，原因等。The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied beh ind his back.典例 1. （2014.四川高考）The manager was satisfied to see many new products after great effort.A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D.deve

9、lopPractice:五. 過去分詞（v-ed/done）作表語.過去分詞（短語）放在系動(dòng)詞 be, get, become,feel,remain, seem 等后面作表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。Please rema in seated whe n the professor comes in .He seemed quite delighted at the news.1. Practice:1. <江西> nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.A. Having spen

10、t B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent2. <四川 > which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not3. <北京 > e course very difficult , she decided to move to alower level.A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found4. < 重慶

11、 > When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep.A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell5. < 全國重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)航?jīng)_刺七 > The pretty girl was dressed in bright red,_Her more beautiful.A.mak in g;lookB. to make;lookedC.mak in g;lookedD.andmaking ;looked6. The stranger

12、 said something in a voice and the little girl was very muchA. frighte ning, frighte nedB. frighte ned, frighte ningC. frighte ning, frighte ningD. frighte ned, frighte ned7. the pia no, some one sudde nly kno cked at the door.A. Play ingB. When I was play ingC. Repairi ngD. Exam ining8. in the seat

13、 for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left hiswallet(錢包)at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Havi ng waited D. To have waited9. the work , they have to stay there for another two weeks.A.Not completi ngB. Not completedC. Not hav ing completedD. Have not completed用所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空1. All nig

14、ht long he lay awake, (think) of the problem.2. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus (cause)the delay.3. (live)with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.4. Though (work) so hard, he failed again.5. eive) his reply, she wrote another letter.6. )by so manypeople, she felt nervous , (

15、notknow ) what to say.After (tell) many times , he un derstood what was happe ning.1. into English, the sentence was found to have an entirelydiffere nt word order.A. Tran slati ngB. Tran slated C. To tran slate D. Havi ng tran slated2. an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chanee tobecome fa

16、mous.A. OfferB. Offering C. Offered D. To offer3. his scientific work, he has no time to care for his familyaffairs , which his wife always complains about.A. Devoting into B. Devoted to C. Being devoted with D. Devoted with4. Di na, for mon ths to find a job as a waitress, fin ally took apositi on

17、at a local advertis ing age ncy.A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle5. the right kind of training, these teenager soccer players mayone day grow into intern ati onal stars.A. Givi ng B. Havi ng give nC.To give D. Give n6. In order not to be found , I spent the whole nig in m

18、y room.A. lockingB. locked C. to lock D. Lock7. twice, the postma n refused to deliver our letters uni ess we cha ined our dog.A. Being bitten B. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten8. Michael's new house is like a huge palace, with his old one.A. comparing B. compares C. to compareD. compared9

19、. but excited , the runner raced to the finishing line.A.Exhausting B. Exhausted C. Being exhausted D. To be exhausted二.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The news reporter hurried to the airport, only (tell) the filmstar had left.2. After her journey from abroad , Mary returned home,( ) (exhaust ).3. (see) from the

20、 top of the building, our school looks beautiful.4. False friends are just like leaves, (find) everywhere, but truefriends are like diam onds , precious and rare.1.She felt rather that she should n't have drive n the car at sucha speed.A. frightening;frighteningB.frighte ned;frighte nedC.Frighte

21、ning;frightenedD. frightened ;frightening2. There is a big dog to a fence outside the house.A. tying B. tied C. to tie D. ties3. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volca nic ash cloud.A. sticking B. stuck C.to be stuck D.to have stuck4. As soon as she entered the room, t

22、he girl caught sight of theflowers by her mother.A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D.bought5. The stude nt, at the way the questi on was put, did n't knowhow to an swer it.A. Being surprised B. Surprising C. Surprised D. Havingsurprised6. Look at the note to the door; you will see that so

23、me onepaid a visit whe n we were away.A. pinning B. pinned C. being pinned D. is pinned7. It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far thisyear.A finding B. being found C. to find D. found8. We finished the run in less than half the time .A. allowingB. to allow C. allowed D. allows9. When

24、 I came in, they were in a heated discussion.A. absorb B. absorbed C. absorbing D. being absorbed10. The woman sitting there under the tree, in a blue skirt, isour head master.A. wearingB.dressed C. worn D. dressingn.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. In our daily life, there are a lot of health problems that, when not

25、 (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on .2. The thief (question) by the police a moment ago stillcould n't tell the truth.3.1 could n't accept the view (offer) to me uni ess it is based onfacts.4. Cleaning workers in big cities usually get (pay) by themon th.5. The (surprise) look

26、on his face suggested that he musthave heard some surpris ing n ews.(2014.臨沂高二檢測)While you were out, you should keep your doors and win dowsA. close B. clos ing C. closed D.be closed2. I 'll have all of the reading by the end of this term if my plangoes well.A.completi ngB.to complete C. completed D. being completed3. To learn English well , we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can .A.speak B. speaki ng C.spoke n D. to speak4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work , hegladly accepted it.A. finishedB.