外研版必修四module3知識點

1、重點短語1. vary in 2. vary from to3. involve oneselfin4. be/get involvedin5. more than在方面不同從.到變化積極參與 被卷入到.之中不僅僅more than surprised十分/非常 吃驚morethan 與其說不如說(強調(diào)前者) He was more an artist than a writer.6. on guard（保持）警惕;值班,站崗7. hold up舉起，抬起，承受住，支撐hold on等會兒，堅持8. give away泄露，出賣瀑露讓步，贈送，捐贈9. give out 發(fā)出；放出（消息、聲音

2、等）;用完，耗盡10. make a deal11. communicate with sb12. be busy doing/with sth13. stare at sb/sth14. stare into the distance15. request sb to do sth16. request that sb (should) do17. do sb a favour18. in favour of19. up and down=back and forth=here and there=to and from by accident達(dá)成協(xié)議，做成交易和某人交流忙于某事注視著某人/

3、某物凝視著遠(yuǎn)方要求某人做某事要求某人做某事幫某人一個忙贊成上上下下刖刖后后=backwards and forwards處處來來往往偶然地，無意地重點詞匯及拓展1. aggressive adj.攻擊的；挑斗的；挑釁的2. deal n.協(xié)議；交易3. involve vt.包括4. spread vi.張開5. stare vi.凝視；盯著看6. panic v.恐慌；驚慌7. request n. 請求； 要求8. favor n .恩惠；善意的行為9. present adj.現(xiàn)場的10. prolong vt.延長11. vary vi.變化-variable adj.易變的,多變的一

4、 variation n .多樣性12. formal adj.正式的一 formally adv.正式地一 informal（反義詞）adj.非正式的13. infectious adj.有感染性的一 infect v .傳染，感染一 infection n .傳染，感染14. judgement n .判斷，意見一 judge v.判斷15. equality n .平等一 equalize v.使平等知識一：單詞1. communicate vt.交充；交際；傳大；溝甬；表爰大communicate with交換（消息,想法等）;與（某人）聯(lián)絡(luò)communicate sth.to sb.

5、傳達(dá)（新聞、消息、感情 ）（2）communication n .傳達(dá)；交流；信息；通訊例句：He communicated the news to me by telephone.他打電話向我傳達(dá)了那則消息。It is necessary that young and old people should communicate more with each other.年輕人與老年人有必要多進(jìn)行交流。Communication with other countries was difficult during the telephone and postal strike.郵電工人罷工期間與

6、其他國家的通訊很困難。誤區(qū)警示：communication作“通訊，通信"講時，表"交通方式”常用復(fù)數(shù)。Radio is the only means of communication in remote areas.邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)唯一的通訊工具就是無線電。 A baby communicates its needs by crying.嬰兒用哭聲來表達(dá)需要。 He learnt how to use sign language to communicate with deaf customers.他學(xué)會了用手語與失聰?shù)念櫩徒徽?。命題方向：communicate with 短語是

7、重要考點?；顚W(xué)巧練：Honesty is a kind of quality and that' s what it takes to_需要 with otherssuccessfully.A. sayB. report C. communicate D. tell【解析】句意為“誠實是一種品質(zhì)，與別人成功交流需要它“。communicate交流，溝通；communicate with sb.與某人交流。 C2. vary vt.改變，使多樣化vi.變化；不同vary from 不同于 vary with隨從而變化vary in在方面不同，有差異(2) variety n .品種；多樣

8、化a great/wide variety of = varieties of 各種各樣的；品種繁多的various/varied adj.不同的；許多的例句：Costs of tickets vary from one airline to another. 機票價格在不同的航空公司之 間有差別。The colour of the leaves varies with weather.葉子的顏色隨著天氣的變化而變化。Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.注意：differ強調(diào)某些方面的 質(zhì)或性質(zhì)的不同性，常見句

9、型為：A differs from B ; A differs among Bs.vary強調(diào)某些方面的變化性，如外形、形態(tài)等因某種緣故發(fā)生了變化。常見句型為： A varies with B ; A varies from B to C.當(dāng)強調(diào)不同性時，vary和differ可以互換。CD Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.各個學(xué)校的教學(xué)方法大不相同。 My doctor said I should vary my diet more.醫(yī)生說我應(yīng)該使日常飲食更為多樣化。活學(xué)巧練：用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 I'd like

10、to have variety my life. in(2) Prices vary the seasons. with(3) Opinions vary this point. On(4) Her mood varied optimism extreme depression. From to3. involve vt.包括： 牽涉： 使參與歸納拓展(1) involve sb.in (doing) sth.把某人牽扯到某事里面；使某人參與做某事involve with. 和有密切聯(lián)系(2) involved adj.復(fù)雜的；有牽連的，有關(guān)的be/get involved in 使卷入之中；

11、 使專注于be involved with 和有密切聯(lián)系例句： She was involved in reviewing the lessons all night.她整晚都在專心致志地復(fù)習(xí)功課。President Nixon had to resign because he was involved in the Watergate scandal.尼克松總統(tǒng)不得不辭職，因為他卷入了 “水門事件”的丑聞當(dāng)中。誤區(qū)警示：involve表示“包括"時其后可直接接-ing作賓語(involve+ v-ing ),但 表示“某人參與干某事“常是 involve sb.in+doing 。

12、朗文在線： Every day each of us makes decisions that involve taking a chance.每天我們每個人作出的決定都包含碰運氣的成分。 Most people don't realize the amount of effort that is involved in writing a novel.大多數(shù)人都不明白寫一本小說要花多少心血。命題方向：involve sb.in (doing) sth.是重要考點。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The person you referred to at the meeting the accident

13、that happened lastnight.A. involved in B. involved with C. got involved in D. got involved with 答案與解析：C be/get involved in sth."卷入,與某事有關(guān)"；be/get involved withsb. “與某人有關(guān)"。所以根據(jù)語法只有 C項對。I ask you not to get in this kind of matter.It ' s none of your business.A. caughtB. involvedC. at

14、tachedD. connected【解析】get involved in意為“涉及，卷入”，為固定搭配，其他選項不能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)。 B4. panic n. 恐，慌：，原，慌 v.陷入恐，慌；弓佳己恐，慌 (panicking： panicked： panicked) 歸納拓展(1) get into a panic陷入恐慌狀態(tài)be in (a) panic 在驚慌中cause a panic弓I起恐慌(2) panic at.因(聽到/看到)而驚慌 panic o doing sth.使某人倉促行動例句：She got into a real panic when she tho

15、ught she' d lost the tickets.她十分驚慌,以為自己把入場券丟了。Shoppers fled the street in (a) panic after two bombs exploded.兩枚炸彈爆炸之后，購物者驚慌失措地逃離了那條街。The crowd panicked at the sound of the gunfire.那群人聽到槍聲后驚慌失措。The protests became more violent and many foreigners were panicked into leaving the country.抗議變得更加激烈，許多

16、外國人慌忙離開了那個國家。5. spread (spread. spread)v.展開；車甫開； 傳播 ； 延伸 n. 傳播； 擴展歸納拓展spread sth.on/over sth.把某物鋪在上spread out展開；張開；擴大(張)；伸長 spread oneself舒展身體例句：She spread the pages of the letter on the table.她把那幾頁信展開放在桌上。The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby.火從工廠蔓延到附近的房舍。The rapid spread of the dis

17、ease is upsetting the authorities.這種疾病的迅速蔓延使當(dāng)局憂慮不安?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】Bird flu has all over the world , which might panic the investors.A . spread B . spreaded C. spreat D . spreading【解析】句意為：禽流感已蔓延到全世界，這可能會使投資者惶恐不安。spread的過去式及過去分詞同原形，故選Ao【答案】 A6. stare vi.凝視： 注視： 盯著看同類辨析stare at由于好奇、敵視、傲慢而睜大眼睛凝視glare at怒視，瞪眼 gla

18、nce at匆匆一瞥 look at看，看著例句：He stood there staring into the distance.他站在那里，凝視著遠(yuǎn)方。He glanced at his watch.他匆匆地看了一下手表。They stood glaring at each other.他們站著，彼此怒目而視。The old gentleman just stood there at the pickpocket and did not say a word.A . glancing B. glimpsing C. staring D . glaring【解析】句意為：這位老先生只是站在那

19、里對那個扒手怒目而視，一句話也沒有說。A項“瞥見”；B項“瞥見”，強調(diào)結(jié)果；C項“凝視，注視”，指由于驚訝、 好奇、懼怕等原因而睜大眼睛目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看。glare at怒視，瞪著眼睛看【答案】D7. request vt.請求，要求 n. 請求，要求，邀請（1） request sb.to do sth.請求某人干某事request sth.from/of sb.要求、請求某人做某事；向某人要求某物request that - clause請求（從句謂語動詞用 should +動詞原形）（2） make a request for.要求例句：They have made an urgent re

20、quest for international aid.他們緊急要求國際援助。 The visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.參觀者請勿觸摸展品。We requested that they immediately make an investigation of the matter.They have made an urgent request for international aid.他們緊急要求國際援助。Further detail will be sent on request.詳情承索即寄。 The staff imm

21、ediately requested that he reconsider his decision.員工立即要求他重新考慮他的決定。詞語辨析： demand , require 與 requestdemand 一般指理直氣壯地提出強烈要求，或堅持不讓對方拒絕的要求。require強調(diào)根據(jù)事業(yè)、需要或紀(jì)律、法律等而提出的要求。request正式用詞，指非常正式、有禮貌的請求或懇求，多含擔(dān)心因種種原因?qū)Ψ讲荒艽饝?yīng)的意味。后面跟賓語從句時，從句后謂語都要用虛擬語氣，即 should加動 詞原形或直接用動詞原形。命題方向：request sb.to do sth及request后接that從句時用虛

22、擬語氣是?？键c。It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios after 11 o'clock atnight.A. were not played B. not to play C. not be played D . did not play【解析】It is requested.后的主語從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語動詞用（should） +動詞原形形式，故排除 A、D兩項；根據(jù)句意可知 radios與play之間是被動關(guān)系， 故用被動語態(tài)形式，排除B項，選C?！敬鸢浮緾We all request that

23、 the discussion.A. put off B . putting off C. is put off D . be put off答案與解析：D request后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣。8、perform v. 上演：扮演（角色）；演奏；實行；（機械等）運轉(zhuǎn)精講拓展：CD perform the play 演戲 perform a part in a play 在居U中扮演個角色（3） perform an operation 進(jìn)行手術(shù) performance n . 執(zhí)行，履行； 表現(xiàn) give/put on a performance 演出, 表演誤區(qū)警示：perform意為“上

24、演，扮演；履行，實行”時作及物動詞；意為 “演奏（樂曲）；運轉(zhuǎn)”時，作不及物動詞。如：He is performing on the flute.他正在吹奏長笛。The engine seems to be performing well. 發(fā)動機彳以乎運轉(zhuǎn)正常。 I've never seen “ Othello " performed so brilliantly.我從未看過奧賽羅這出戲表演得如此精彩。 The orchestra will give two more performances this week.這個管弦樂隊本周將加演兩場。perform表示“上演，扮演

25、”時常是重要考點且多以非謂語動詞的形式進(jìn)行考查。9、favour（ = favor） n. 幫助： 恩惠： 榜成，支持： 關(guān)心、v. 贊成, 照一頁精講拓展： do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb.幫某人忙ask a favour of sb.請某人幫忙in favour of 贊成；支持；有利于favour the new plan贊成新計劃 favour sb./sth. 偏袒某人；便于，利于favourable adj.好意的；贊成的；有利的a favourable wind 順風(fēng) a favourable answer 滿意的答復(fù)Do me/us a f

26、avour !在口語中往往是回答認(rèn)為愚蠢的問題，意為“得了吧！ "，而do sb. a favour在疑問句表示“請求別人的幫忙”的客氣表達(dá)。朗文在線： Could you do me a favour and turn off that light? 勞駕，請把那盞燈關(guān)掉好嗎？ Do us a favour, Mike, and shut up!拜托你，邁克，別再說了! Are you in favour of the death penalty?你贊同死刑嗎？ The president is believed to favour further tax cuts.大家認(rèn)為總統(tǒng)將

27、支持進(jìn)一步減稅。in favour of, do sb. a favour兩短語在具體語境中的運用是?？键c。My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was it.A . in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour of D. in search of【解析】本題考查介詞短語的辨析。此處while表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比，against表示反對。故選用in favour of表示“贊成”。B表示“為紀(jì)念”；C表示“為了向表示敬意”； D表示“尋找”，均不合題意?！敬鸢浮緼I am your sugges

28、tion we should spend more time on this project.A . in favor of ; whichB . in honor of; thatC. in favor of ; thatD . in honor of; whichC. “我很贊成你的建議那我們應(yīng)該在這個工程上花費更多的時間”。in favor of贊成；in honor of向表示敬意；為紀(jì)念。第二空為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。10、 deal n. 交易： 協(xié)、議；v.攵卜王里：木目攵卜make a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議；做成交易That's a deal. 一言為定。(2) a

29、great/good deal of +不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“大量，很多” 。deal with 對付；應(yīng)付；處理；對待-I know this is the latest type but it 's second- hand.$20that's my last offer.-OK.It's a(n). A . business B. TradeC. agreement D. deal“我知道這是最新款，但卻是二手貨，我最多出20塊?！?It' s a deal.為習(xí)語“就這么辦，一言為定”，為固定搭配?！敬鸢浮緿11、blank adj.空白的，無表情的，茫然

30、的 go blank變成空白 Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about.n.空白；空白處The professor could tell by the look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lectureA.coldB. blank C. Innocen D. fresh根據(jù)Maria茫然的眼神，這位教授能夠看出她對他所講的內(nèi)容連一個字也沒有聽 懂。"blank空虛的，茫然的；

31、innocent無辜的。選 B。14、present 1)n.C禮物；目前I want to give her a present. What do you think she'd like?2) vt.贈送;給予The mayor presented the prizes in person. 市長親自頒獎。3) adj.在場的；出席的(其反義詞為absent);現(xiàn)在的；當(dāng)前的 A lot of students were present at the meeting.很多學(xué)生出席了那個會議。I'm free at present.我現(xiàn)在有空。知識拓展presence n.在

32、場； 存在presently adv.不久I'll make you a present of the book since you like it very much.你這么喜歡這本書就送給你吧15、serve 1） vt. & vi.為工作；為服務(wù)Can I serve you in any way?我能幫你的忙嗎？2） vt. & vi.開板；上菜（常用被動結(jié)構(gòu)）；供某人飯菜 Dinner is served. 開飯了。Learn to serve at table. 學(xué)習(xí)端飯上菜。3） vt. & vi.任職；服役He served as a naval

33、 officer during the war.戰(zhàn)爭時期他在海軍當(dāng)軍官。即學(xué)即用The word “ spahetti" brought back the memory of an evening when all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat spaghetti for supper.A. cooked B. served C. gotD. made答案：B要點二短語1. hold up舉起；提出（作為榜樣）；延誤，阻滯歸納拓展hold back阻擋，忍住，抑制 hold on堅持??；（電話用語）請稍等，不要掛斷ho

34、ld back 縮回；阻止；隱瞞；抑制hold in 抑制（感情等）hold down阻止（某人），制止；限制 hold one's breath 屏住氣例句：The steel strike in U.S. may hold up production of all new cars for several months.美國鋼鐵工人罷工可能使全部新汽車的生產(chǎn)停頓好幾個月。They hold up his behaviour as a model.他們把他的行為作為其他人學(xué)習(xí)的楷模。The father held up the boy over his head.那個父親把孩子高舉過

35、頭頂。 朗文在線： The building work has been held up by bad weather.由于天氣不好，建筑工程被耽擱下來了。The roof is held up by pillars屋頂是由柱子支撐著的。 The water won't hold out much longer.水維持不了多久。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】There was a big hole in the road which the traffic.A . took up B . brought back C. kept back D. held up【解析】句意為：公路上有個大坑阻礙了交通。h

36、old up "延誤，阻滯”，符合題意。take up "占據(jù)，從事"；bring back "帶回"；keep back "扣留，隱瞞"?！敬鸢浮緿 What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has been ?A. given outB. held up C. run outD. used up答案與解析：D 句意：當(dāng)世界的原油用光時，我們將用什么來提供動力呢？give out用完，run out用盡，都為不及物動詞短語，hold up阻礙，停頓，

37、不合句意。 use up為及物動詞短語，意為“用完”。2. ask sb. a favour請某人幫忙 ask a favour of sb./ask sb. a favour 請某人幫忙do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb.幫某人一個忙in favour of 贊成，支持in favour得寵的；流行的 out of favour失寵的；不流行的3、give away泄露（秘密）；暴露；讓步；贈送精講拓展：give back歸還；送回；使恢復(fù)give forth發(fā)出（聲音，氣味等）；發(fā)表，公布give in屈服，投降，退讓 give up放棄；不再做（某事）g

38、ive off發(fā)出氣味、光、熱、聲音等give out用完，用盡；分發(fā)give oneself to專心于，迷戀于；沾染 （惡習(xí)等）誤區(qū)警示：give away中away是副詞，若接代詞作賓語時，需將代詞放于give之后。 He gave away immense amounts of money to charity.他把大筆大筆的錢捐給了慈善機構(gòu)。 I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing away. The goalkeeper gave away two goals.守門員白白丟了兩個球。命題方向：give away常與give

39、out, give off及give in以詞義辨析的形式出現(xiàn)?；顚W(xué)巧練：用 give in, give up, give out, give away 填空 The brave soldier preferred dying to givingin（2） After a month , our food supplies give out（3） Smoking is bad for your health. Yes, I know. But I can' t simply give it up.（4） Her face give heraway_ when she told a li

40、e.4、 lift up （未立）樨外己； 舉走己； 抬高； 吊走己I lifted the lid of the box up and peered in.我掀起箱蓋往里看。知識拓展not lift/ raise a finger/ hand （to do sth.） 一點忙也不幫；油瓶倒了都不扶辨析：raise, rise 與 lift up1） raise 是 vt,“使上升“。2） rise是vi，"升起；上升；起立”。 Prices have been raised up.價格被提高了。Prices rose gradually.價格逐漸地漲上去了。5、take off脫掉

41、（衣服等）起飛 休假突然離開 Take your coat off and sit down. I forgot to take off my make - up last night 昨天我忘了卸妝。Sales of home cars have taken off recent years.私家車的銷售量近年來上升很快。 I hear the business is really taking off.我聽說生意真的要興隆了。The plane took off despite the fog.盡管有霧飛機仍照常起飛。 I'm taking Thursday off to do s

42、ome New Year shopping.我星期四休假去買一些新年禮物。 He took off for the bus station at a run. 他匆忙向汽車站跑去。Susan took off without saying goodbye. 蘇珊沒有道別就突然離開了。鏈接：take after（在禮貌、行為等方面）與（某個長輩）想像take apart 拆卸；拆開 take away 減去 take back 收回take in收容（養(yǎng)）；欺騙 take over接管；接收 take up從事；占據(jù) （2009 -安徽）We tried to find a table for

43、seven , but they were all. A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up解析：“我盡力想找一張供七個人用的桌子，但他們?nèi)慷急徽剂恕?。take up意為“占去；占用“；give away意為“贈送；泄露" ；keep away意為“（使）遠(yuǎn)離"；use up意 為“用完；用光”。答案：C6、by accident 偶然：無意中We met each other again completely by accident.我們再次相遇，完全出于偶然。have an accident 遭受意外wit

44、hout accident 平安無恙地by chance偶然地；意外地注意：deliberately adv. 故意地 on purpose 故意地I came here on purpose to see you.我特地來這里看你。即學(xué)即用Don't be angry with him; he seldom makes mistakes. He made it this time.A. by incident B. for no reasons C. in common D. by accident要點三句型Perhaps more than I think. 也許比我根的要多cmo

45、re than 比多； 多于more than +名詞（動名詞）”不僅僅是，不只是“。more than +數(shù)詞，意思是“超過，以上“ 。more than +形容詞，意思是"非常，很"。(2) no more than 僅僅，不過not more than 至多，不超過more or less差不多； 或多或少(3) morethan這種結(jié)構(gòu)是對于不同的人或物的同一性質(zhì)或方面的比較，意為 “比更(形容詞和副詞的比較級)；與其說倒不如說”。例句： He is no more a genius than I am 我不是天才，他也不是。Mr Smith is more a w

46、riter than painter.辨析 no more than 與 not more thanno more than = only ,含有消極否定的意思，意為“不過，只有，僅僅” 。not more than = at most, 意為 “不超過，至多” 。例句：He has learned no more than 100 words.他才學(xué)會了 100 個單詞。He has learned not more than 100 words.他學(xué)會的單詞不超過 100 個。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 一Do you need any help , Lucy?Yes.The job is I coul

47、d do myself.A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than【解析】句意為：一你需要幫忙嗎，露茜？一需要，這項工作我自己做不來。A項意為“少于” ；B項意為“多于，超過" ；C項意為“不過；僅僅” ；D項意為“不 多于"，根據(jù)題意，選 Bo【答案】B要點四語法1 .條件狀語從句條件狀語從句是表示 主句動作發(fā)生的前提或條件的從句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的詞或詞組有 if, unless, so (as) long as (只要)，in case (萬)， on condition that (條件是)，

48、 suppose/supposing (彳所設(shè)，用于問句 ),provided/providing (that)(彳民如，如果)等。 例句： As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.只要你不灰心，你就會成功。In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.如果我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐宜鞯某兄Z。Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?假如他們拒絕了我們，我們該向誰求助呢？在條件狀

49、語從句中，要用一般時態(tài)代替將來時(和時間狀語從句相同)。You will miss the train if you don't hurry.You would miss the train if you didn't hurry.will表示“愿意”時，是情態(tài)動詞，可用于條件狀語從句。If you will go, please tell me.如果你愿意去的話，請告訴我。注意：(3) if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句如果與事實不符，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。例句：If it rained tomorrow , we should stay at home.如果明天下雨，我們就待在家里。(4) s

50、uppose 和 supposing (that)相當(dāng)于 if。(5) provided, providing that, on condition that, so/as long as 相當(dāng)于 only if。As long as( = Only if)you don't lose heart, you will succeed.只要你不灰心，你就會成功。(6)in case Do tell us in case you have any trouble.萬一有什么困難，一定告訴我們。in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時也可用should表示可能性小些?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】 I was adv

51、ised to arrange for insurance I needed medical treatment.A . nevertheless B . although C. in case D. so thatin case "以防，萬一”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。有人建議我入保險，以備醫(yī)療需求?！敬鸢浮緾he works hard , I don't mind when he finishes the experiment.A . As soon as B. As well as C. So far as D. So long as考查so/as long as引導(dǎo)條件狀語

52、從句。只要他肯下工夫，我不在乎他什么時候能完成這個實驗。as soon as "一就"as well as 也，又；so far as "就而言“。 【答案】 DA small car is big enough for a family of three you need more space forluggage.A . once B. Because C. in case D . Unless【解析】考查連詞的用法辨析。once "一旦"，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；because "因為"，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；in case “

53、以防萬一”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；unless “除非”， 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。句意為：一輛小汽車對于一個三口之家足夠了，除非需要更多 的空間放行李。根據(jù)題意，可知答案為Do【答案】 Dhe had not hurt his leg , John would have won the race.A. If B. Since C. Though D. When【解析】if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句，“如果”。根據(jù)其時態(tài)可判斷出表示過去非真實情況?！叭绻s翰的腿沒有受傷，他會贏得這次賽跑"。since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句或原因狀語從句，表示“自從”或“因為" ；though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“雖

54、然”；when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候" 。【答案】A2 .讓步狀語從句(1)讓步狀語從句表示 在某種相反的條件下，主句中的情況依然會出現(xiàn)。 讓步狀語從 句由連詞 though, although , as (雖然，盡管),even if/ though , whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who (what , which , when, where, how), whetheror (not), while (盡管)等引導(dǎo)。(2 ) though , although

55、這兩個連詞用法基本一樣，只是前者口語化，后者較正式，常位于句首，都不與 but連用，但可以和yet, still連用。例句： Though they lack official support , they continue their struggle.他們雖然沒有得到官方的支持，但仍繼續(xù)奮斗。Although they have been talking for a long time , he cannot make her believe him.雖然他們談了半天，他還是不能使她信任他。(3) whatever (whoever , whichever, whenever)/no ma

56、tter what (who , which , when.)引出的讓步狀語從句意義上無明顯差別，常譯成漢語“無論”。例句： Whoever (No matter who) wants to speak to me on the phone , tell him I ' m busy.不管誰要我接電話，就說我現(xiàn)在正忙著呢。Wherever (No matter where) you go , I' m right here waiting for you.無論你到哪里，我都依然在這里等著你。(4) as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句部分用倒裝語序，句型為：a./adv./n.(不帶冠詞

57、)/v.(原形)+ as+主+謂例句： Try as I might , I couldn't lift the stone.盡管我試了，我還是搬不動那塊兒石頭。Late as it was, they continued to study.Youngest as he is in our class, he studies very well.Child as he is, he knows a 10t.他盡管是個孩子，卻知道的很多。(5)whether.or (not).可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。例句： Whether you believe it or not , it is true.不管你信不信，這都是真的。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】we could afford it , we wouldn't go abroad for our holidays