高考英語高頻對(duì)比詞匯(動(dòng)詞)

1、動(dòng)詞參加3、join一般是參加一種組織，如Party（黨）或者可以是join sb.join in 指參加某種活動(dòng)，尤其指和其他人一起參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。1、take part in 指參加群眾性活動(dòng)，往往指參加者持有積極的態(tài)度，起一份作用。5、attend 指出席一些比較正式的場(chǎng)合。一般用于attend the meeting之類的2、enter for 指參加某項(xiàng)競(jìng)賽之類的。4、participate in正式用詞，表示參加、參與，強(qiáng)調(diào)與他人共同參加某種活動(dòng)be made of ( from / out of ) / be made into / be made up / be made up

2、ofbe made of：由制成。用于由產(chǎn)品可以看出原材料。例如：The desk is made of wood.be made from：由制成。用于由產(chǎn)品看不出原材料。例如：Paper is made from wood. be made out of：由制成。例如：The desk / Paper is made out of wood. be made into：制成。例如： Wood can be made into desks / paper.be made up：由編成。例如：Dont believe him; the whole story was made up. （別信他

3、的，整個(gè)過程都是捏造的。）be made up of (=consist of)：由組成。例如： This desk is made up of / consists of twelve pieces of wood.be known for / be known as / be known to be known for：因而出名。例如：Our town is known for its stones.be known as：作為而出名。例如：The town is known as a stone town.be known to：被知曉，了解。例如：The hot spring city

4、 is known to every one of them.be tired of / be tired from / be tired out be / get tired of：對(duì)厭倦。例如：I am really tired of your words! （你的話我聽膩了?。゜e tired from：因疲倦。例如： I was so tired from climbing the hill that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow. （我爬山太累了，所以頭一碰枕頭/一躺下就睡著了。）be tired out：筋疲

5、力盡。相當(dāng)于be worn out。例如： We were tired out when we climbed over the high mountain.contain / includecontain：包含（全部），容納。include：包括（部分）。例如：Senior Book One contains twelve units, including two (units) chosen from the old textbook.This atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain.（這地圖集含有四十幅地圖，

6、包括英國(guó)地圖三幅在內(nèi)。）How much does this bottle contain? （這瓶能裝多少？）cost / spend / pay / buy / charge cost：花費(fèi)，付出代價(jià)。通常以事物作主語，即sth+ cost + (sb) + 金錢、時(shí)間、勞力或其他代價(jià)。例如：The book cost me $10. Careless driving cost him his life. （粗心駕駛使他付出了生命的代價(jià)。）spend：花費(fèi)。主語是人，可以指花金錢，也可以指花時(shí)間。spend的用法：sb + spend +時(shí)間+ (in) + v-ing / sb + sp

7、end +金錢 (時(shí)間) + on sth。例如：I spent $10 on the book. I spent two hours (in) finishing the composition. 比較：It took me two hours to finish the composition.pay：付款。例如：I paid $10 for the book.buy：買。例如：I bought the book for $10. charge：收費(fèi)。例如：They charged me $10 for the book. （買這本書，他們收我十美元。）dress / put on / w

8、ear / have on / be in dress：穿衣，穿著。可用作及物動(dòng)詞，“人”當(dāng)賓語；可用作不及物動(dòng)詞；可用be dressed表示穿著狀況。例如：The baby isnt old enough to dress itself. （這孩子還小，無法自己穿衣服。）She is well dressed today.The girl was dressed in pink last night. （昨晚這女孩穿著一身粉紅色的衣服。）The girl dressed herself in pink last night.put on：穿上(衣服)，上演。表示動(dòng)作。例如：Better p

9、ut on your coat; its cold outside.A new play will be put on at the Grand Theatre.wear：穿著，佩戴。表示狀態(tài)，包括穿著衣物、佩戴首飾以及留頭發(fā)、胡須等。例如：Can you recognize the woman wearing sunglasses over there?（你能認(rèn)出那邊那個(gè)戴太陽鏡的婦女嗎？）I dont understand why he wears long hair now.have on：穿。表示狀態(tài)，穿著衣物，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；也意為“有事；有約會(huì)”。如：The foolish emp

10、eror had nothing on that day.不說：Were having on school clothes today.Sorry, I cant help you this weekend. Ive too much on already. （對(duì)不起，這周末我不能幫你，我有很多事。）be in：穿。表示狀態(tài)，其后常接表示顏色或服裝、眼鏡的詞作賓語。例如：The boy in white is one of my classmates.help / aid / assist help：幫助，幫忙。是普通用語，常用在日常談話中。例如：例226：May I help you wit

11、h your luggage? 例227：We helped him (to) mend his bicycle. aid：幫助，援助。是比較正式的用語。例如：例228：The flooded areas were aided by many countries. （災(zāi)區(qū)得到許多國(guó)家的援助。） assist：幫助，協(xié)助。是比較正式的用語，強(qiáng)調(diào)起協(xié)助作用；其名詞assistant是“助手”的意思。例如：例229：She assisted me in the experiments. （她協(xié)助我做實(shí)驗(yàn)。）happen / occur / take place / come abouthappen：

12、發(fā)生。帶有偶然、未能預(yù)見的意思，主語為事；當(dāng)針對(duì)人時(shí)，意為“碰巧”。例如：This happened on a December evening.What happened to him？I happened to meet Tom in the street when I went shopping today.It happened that I met Tom in the street when I went shopping today.occur：發(fā)生（既表示偶然地，也表示必然地）；被想到。例如：When did the accident occur?A fresh idea su

13、ddenly occurred to me. （我突然有個(gè)新主意。）take place：發(fā)生。指事先布置或策劃好而后發(fā)生。例如： The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.come about：產(chǎn)生。指自然產(chǎn)生。例如：How do the differences between British English and American English come about?hurt / injure / wound / harm / damage / destroy hurt：傷害（常用詞，包括外傷和感情傷害）；疼痛（此時(shí)用作不及物動(dòng)詞）。例如：例240

14、：I hurt myself in the leg when I fell off the bike the other day, and it still hurts now.（前幾天我從自行車上摔下，傷著腿，現(xiàn)在還疼著呢。）例241：I am afraid your words have hurt him.injure：受傷。常指意外或事故傷害。例如：例242：Several people were injured in the traffic accident.wound：受傷。常指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)合的傷害，如槍傷、刀傷等。例如：例243：His father was wounded in the

15、 war 30 years ago.harm：危害。例如：例244：In my point of view, the rain will harm our crops. （依我看來，這雨對(duì)我們的莊稼有害。）例245：Reading in dim light will harm your eyes. （在昏暗的燈光下看書會(huì)損害眼睛。）damage：損害。常指不完全地破壞；側(cè)重人為過失；不用于指人。例如：例246：The car was slightly damaged in the accident.destroy：毀壞。常指嚴(yán)重地，甚至毀滅性地摧毀；側(cè)重外界力量；可用于指人或物。也可以指希望、

16、計(jì)劃等破滅。例如：例247：Thousands of houses were destroyed in the earthquake.例248：His hope of being a writer was destroyed. (他想成為一個(gè)作家的希望破滅了。)lie / lay（注意動(dòng)詞變化形式）動(dòng)詞原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞中文意思lielaylainlying躺下；位于lieliedliedlying說謊laylaidlaidlaying安放；下蛋例259：The boy who lay on the table lied to me that the hen lying there l

17、aid two eggs that day.（躺在桌面上的那男孩對(duì)我撒謊說，蹲在那里的母雞當(dāng)天下了兩個(gè)蛋。）lie in / lie on / lie tolie in：位于（屬于，包含其中）。lie to：位于（不屬于，隔開）。lie on：位于（接壤，比鄰關(guān)系）。例如： 例260：Fujian lies in the southeast of China, to the west of Taiwan, and on the east of Jiangxi.require / demand / requestrequire，demand和request都有“要求”的意思，其賓語從句多用虛擬語

18、氣。require側(cè)重于制度方面的要求；demand側(cè)重于理直氣壯的要求；request側(cè)重于客氣的要求。如：例292：It is required that everybody (should) go to school at 7:00. （要求每個(gè)人7點(diǎn)到校。）例293：The workers demanded that they (should) be given a rise. （工人們要求加工資。）例294：All I request of you is that you (should) be early. （我對(duì)你的要求就是你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)來。）say / speak / talk /

19、 tell say：說。常用作及物動(dòng)詞，對(duì)某人說用say to sb。例如：例305：What you said is wrong. 例306：How do you say it in English?例307：He said to me, “I will come here soon.” speak：講。除講某種語言以外，不用作及物動(dòng)詞，其后常跟to, with, on, of等引起的短語。例如：例308：He is speaking at the meeting. 例309：You oughtnt to have spoken to your uncle like that. 例310：H

20、e speaks English well. talk：談。指兩人或兩人以上的一般交談，一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞，但在有些習(xí)語中作及物動(dòng)詞用。例如：例311：What are you talking about?例312：Lets talk business. （我們談?wù)掳?。）tell：告訴，區(qū)分，判斷，預(yù)言。常用作及物動(dòng)詞。例如：例313：Tell Bill the news when you meet him.例314：Tell Bill to be there on time. 例315：He cant tell right from wrong; after all, hes only a

21、 boy of four.（他不能辨是非，畢竟，他只是個(gè)四歲孩子。）例316：Who can tell what will happen tomorrow?separate / divide separate：分開，隔離；把分離出來，析出；作為形容詞是“單獨(dú)的”意思。例如：例326：Britain is separated from France by the English Channel. 例327：Oxygen can be separated from water. （氧可以從水中析出。）例328：We need two separate rooms.divide：分，劃分。指把整體分

22、為若干部分。例如：例329：I divided the moon cake in half / into two halves.例330：He divided the cake among the children. （他把這塊蛋糕分給了孩子們。）被divide分隔的東西在一定的條件下具有統(tǒng)一性，separate分隔的東西沒有統(tǒng)一性。suit / fit / do / match / go suit：合適，中意（多指符合需要、口味、性格、條件、地位等。特別是指顏色、款式等）。 fit：合適，合身（常指大小、尺寸等）。do：合適（常與for連用）。match / go：匹配（go常與with連用

23、）。例如： 例349：The coat doesnt suit you; its too dark.例350：The coat doesnt fit you; its too small.例351：The coat doesnt do for you; its too small.例352：The color of the tie doesnt match / go with that of your shirt.例353：A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils. (好教師授課力求適合學(xué)生的年齡。)take ones

24、place / take the place of / take placetake ones place：就座，就位。相當(dāng)于take ones seat。例如：例357：Please take your places; we are ready to begin our class.take sbs place / take the place of sb：替代（某人）。例如：例358：The manager is going on business. Who can take his place? (=Who can take the place of the manager?)例359：

25、Nothing can take the place of a wheel. （沒有什么能取代輪子。）take place：發(fā)生，舉行。無被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：例360：Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years.例361：A class meeting is to take place tomorrow afternoon.try to do / manage to dotry to do：試圖、企圖做某事（未必成功）。相當(dāng)于attempt to do。例如：例362：They tried to push the d