2010屆高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)：特殊的反義疑問句Word版

1、淺談特殊的反意疑問句    反意疑問句是附加在陳述句之后, 對所陳述內(nèi)容提出質(zhì)疑或通過反問以強(qiáng)化陳述內(nèi)容的一種疑問句。    正常情況下, 如果陳述部分是肯定的, 附加部分用否定形式, 如果陳述部分是否定的, 附加部分用肯定形式。附加部分的助動詞和代詞應(yīng)與陳述部分一致。 e.g. They are students, aren't they?      They aren't students, are they?    

2、;  She works hard, doesn't she?      you have worked hard for three years,   haven't you?    但是我們常常會遇到特殊的、不符合以上規(guī)律的反意疑問句。本文要討論的就是這種特殊形式的反意疑問句。  1. 祈使句 + will you / won't you/ can't you?    這種結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)格的說是形式上的反意疑問句或叫

3、類反意疑問句 。這種結(jié)構(gòu)使祈使句聽起來比較婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣。will you 多表示請求, 表示告訴某人做某事,附加部分多用 will, would , can 使語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)。won't you 多表示邀請或提醒對方注意。      e.g. Go to the cinema now, will/won't you?         Look at the blackboard, will/won't you?   e.g. Come h

4、ere, would you?         Stop talking, can you?  注意:  A). 否定式祈使句后面的附加部分不可用 won't  you,     一般用 will you , 也可用can you .    e.g. Don't make a noise, will /can you?  B). Let's., shall/ shan't we?  L

5、et's. 含義是 咱們. 包括說話的對方, 所以人稱代詞要用  we.    e.g. Let's go home, shall we?  Let's go home, shan't we?      但  Let us/ me/him ., will/ won't you ?        Let me .除了可用 will you 外還可用 may I,要注意意義 

6、60;   Let me help you, may I?     我可以.嗎?     Let me help you, will you?  你讓我.嗎? 2. 感嘆句的反意疑問句附加部分用 to be 的一般現(xiàn)在時的否定式。     e.g. What fine weather, isn't it?          How hard she

7、works, isn't she?  3. 陳述部分含有 need, dare 的反意疑問句    A). 當(dāng) need , dare 為普通動詞時,  反意疑問句附加部分用助動詞 do 的某種形式。     e.g. He needs help, doesn't he?    B).當(dāng) need , dare 為情態(tài)動詞時, 反意疑問句附加部分用其本身。     e.g. We need  do i

8、t again, needn't we?          He dare not say so, dare he?  當(dāng)陳述部分有 needn't 時, 反意疑問句附加部分一般用 need有時可用 must.     e.g. He needn't do that, need he?          He needn't do th

9、at, must he?  4. 當(dāng)陳述部分有 used to.時, 反意疑問句附加部分用 didn't/ usedn't/ used + 主語 + not?     e.g. She used to visit her uncle on holidays, didn't she?       She used to visit her uncle on holidays, usedn't she?    

10、;   He used to play football when he was young, used he not?  5. 當(dāng)陳述部分有 I am .時, 反意疑問句附加部分用     aren't I / ain't I 或 am I not?    e.g. I am interested in English, aren't I?          I am i

11、nterested in English, ain't I?          I am working now, am I not?   例外:       I'm very thirsty, aren't you?  我很渴,你呢?       這句中的 aren't you?  =  how about you?

12、0;6. 當(dāng)陳述部分有 ought to時, 反意疑問句附加部分用       ought  或  should.                   e.g. We ought to start at once, oughtn't we?          &

13、#160; We ought to start at once, shouldn't we?          Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they?          Such things ought not to be allowed, should they? 7.  當(dāng)陳述部分含有 must 時, 要注意 must 的含義

14、。     表示 “一定要, 必須”時, 反意疑問句附加部分用mustn't 或 needn't     e.g. He must work hard at physics, mustn't he?          You  must renew the book, needn't you?     表示推測“一定是, 必定是”時, 反意疑問句

15、附加部分有下列情況:  A). 當(dāng)陳述部分有 must be  .時, 反意疑問句附加部分用 be 的現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。     e.g. He must be very tired, isn't he?          He must be working hard at the office, isn't he?  B). must have + 過去分詞   表示對過去的推測  &

16、#160;  a). 單純表示對過去的推測, 與現(xiàn)在無關(guān), 反意疑問句附加部分用過去式。    b). 表示對過去的推測且影響到現(xiàn)在或持續(xù)現(xiàn)在, 反意疑問句附加部分用現(xiàn)在完成式。     e.g. He must have come yesterday, didn't he?          You must have studied English for years, haven't you? 

17、       He must have lived here at least ten years, hasn't he?  8.   can't 表示推測作不可能解時, 反意疑問句附加部分根據(jù)后面的動詞選用相應(yīng)的形式。     e.g. He can't be a doctor, is he?        The workers can't

18、have finished their work, have they?  9. 當(dāng)陳述部分有 have to 時, 反意疑問句附加部分用助動詞do的某種形式。     e.g. Jack has to go there on foot, doesn't he?                   We have to get up early, don

19、9;t we?            但: have got to.,  have .?        We have got to work hard, haven't we?  10. 當(dāng)陳述部分謂語有had better時,  反意疑問句附加部分用shouldn't / hadn't   

20、 e.g. You'd better put on your coat, shouldn't you?      You'd better put on your coat, hadn't you?      We had better go right now, shouldn't we?      We had better go right now, hadn't we? 11. 當(dāng)

21、陳述部分謂語有 would rather或would like to時, 反意疑問句附加部分用 wouldn't  + 主語。     e.g. He would rather read the text ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?    You'd like to have some bananas, wouldn't you? 12. 當(dāng)陳述部分主語是 I wish .時, 反意疑問句附加部分用 may I?&

22、#160; 注意: 前后均需用肯定式     e.g. I wish to go home, may I?          I wish I were you, may I? 13. 當(dāng)陳述部分含有主從復(fù)合句時,      a).  注意觀察主句的主語。主句的主語是第一人稱(we, I) 時。 反意疑問句附加部分的主語與從句主語一致。否則與主句主語一致。   

23、60; b).  注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移! 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是 suppose,  think, expect, believe, imagine時, 只要出現(xiàn)否定詞 Not 反意疑問句附加部分就用肯定形式。   e.g.     I think he will be back in an hour, won't he?    We don't suppose he cares, does he?    You don&#

24、39;t suppose he cares, do you?    b). 含有主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問句附加部分與句子的重心一致.    e.g.      It is said that he is a teacher, isn't he?14. 當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句時, 反意疑問句附加部分用與最接近( 最后一個)分句的主語、謂語一致。     e.g. We must study English hard or we can't be good at

25、 it, can we?          He is a doctor but his wife is a teacher, isn't she?15. 當(dāng)陳述部分有下列否定詞時, 反意疑問句附加部分用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。 ( few; little ; seldom; hardly; never; not; no; no one;   no body ; nothing; none ; neither等)  e.g. There is little ink in

26、your pen, is there?       He can hardly write his name, can he?   然而      1)如果陳述部分的否定詞是通過加前綴或后綴而構(gòu)成的, 附加部分依然用否定式。 e.g. It's unfair, isn't it?      You are hopeless, aren't you?   

27、   She dislike doing housework, didn't she?      She had a dislike for housework, didn't she?   2). no one, nobody, none, nothing, neither 在陳述部分作動詞的賓語時,反意疑問句附加部分一般用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)間或也可用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。  e.g. You got nothing from him, did(n't) you?  &#

28、160;     He has nothing to say, does(n't) he?16. 以引導(dǎo)詞 there開始的句子(不包括作地點(diǎn)狀語的 there ), 反意疑問句附加部分主語也用 there.   e.g.    There'll be enough for everybody, won't there?    There seems to be no question about it, doesn't there?17. A

29、). 陳述部分的主語是 everything, nothing, anything 或 something 時, 反意疑問句附加部分主語用 it.  e.g. Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it?       Nothing is serious, is it?    B). 陳述部分的主語everybody,  everyone,  anybody, any

30、one, somebody, someone , nobody, no one, none, neither ( 注意這些代詞一般指人)時, 反意疑問句附加部分主語一般用they, 也可用he.  e.g. Everyone is here, aren't they?       Neither side could win, could they?       No one knows about it, do they?&#

31、160;      None of the students are absent, are they?       Everyone knows this, don't they?       Everyone knows this, doesn't he?  例外: none of +表示物的名詞或代詞,就是說 none不指人或是不可數(shù)名詞時, 反意疑問句附加部分主語用 it. 

32、0;   e.g. None of it is hers, is it?          None of his money is left, is it?   C). 陳述部分的主語是指示代詞 this或that時,反意疑問句附加部分主語用 it; 陳述部分的主語是these或those時, 反意疑問句附加部分主語用they.   e.g. This is a beautiful picture, isn't it?

33、0;       Those are Japanese, aren't they?    D). 陳述部分的主語是不定代詞 one 時, 反意疑問句附加部分主語可以用one, 也可以用 you. (美國英語中還可以用 he)     e.g. One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one?          One can't be too careful, can you?    E). 當(dāng) neither . nor; both . and連接兩個主語時, 附加部分的主語常用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? B