同位語從句——語法專題講解

1、User第 5 頁2022/1/12高中英語語法專題講解專題二、同位語從句一、同位語從句概述 同位語從句是用以解釋說明某一名詞內(nèi)容的從句，常見的可以被同位語從句修飾的名詞有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞有連詞that, whether和副詞how, when, where等。二、 同位語從句（1） 同位語從句是意義完整的陳述句時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)。注：that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用，通常不省略。eg：I got the news that he woul

2、d come to see me the next week.（2） 同位語從句是疑問句時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)語境選用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if)等詞來引導(dǎo)。eg：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration.（3） 分隔式同位語從句：當(dāng)主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長時(shí)，為了使句子保持平衡，常把同位語從句后置。eg：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.（4） 后面常跟同位語的詞有：doubt, fac

3、t, hope, idea, message, news, possibility, promise, question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。 注：advice, order, suggestion等詞表示建議、命令的詞后的同位語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞須用(should) +動(dòng)詞原形 eg：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off.三、 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別（1） 所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不同：同位語從句和定語從句一般是放在某一名詞后面，但同位語從句是對(duì)該名詞的解釋和說明

4、，而定語從句是對(duì)該名詞的修飾，說明它的性質(zhì)特征。eg：The fact that he presented was a strong proof. The fact that she hadnt said anything surprised us all. （2） 在句中所起的語法作用不同：引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，它的作用是連接主句和從句，并代表先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，而且that作賓語時(shí)可省略，指物時(shí)，可以用which代替。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that是連詞，只起連接主句和從句的作用，它不充當(dāng)任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替eg：We expressed the hop

5、e that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year. The news that we heard spread all over the city.（3） 所修飾的詞不盡相同：同位語從句所修飾的名詞數(shù)量有限，往往是含有某種信息的詞，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion,order, belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught等，而定語從句修飾的先行詞無此限制。 （4） wh-引導(dǎo)詞

6、引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，有其本身的疑問含義；引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)則沒有疑問的意思。eg：I have no idea where the meeting will be held.He is the only one of these boys who can speak Franch. 跟蹤練習(xí)：1、There is no obvious evidence_ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.A. which B. that C. how D. where2、My friend showed me round the town,

7、_was very kind of him.A. which B. that C. where D. it3、Many children, _parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom4、Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriage-almost e

8、ntirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what 定 語 從 句 及 同 位 語 從 句 專 項(xiàng) 訓(xùn) 練 1. That is _ he said. A. all what B. all which C. all that D. all which 2. These are things and persons _Ive heard of. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 3. Please tell me everything _you know. A. what B. that C. which D. all

9、 what 4. We know the fact _he has gone to college. A. that B. which C. what D. why 5.I received the news _Xiao Ping had passed away. A. what B. that C. which D. in which 6. This is the thing _he referred to. A. who B. whom C./ D. what 7. This is the building, in front of _there is a dog lying on the

10、 ground. A. that B. which C. it D./ 8. Those are the students, most of _are very active. A. that B. them C. which D. whom. 9. The girl _father lives in Beijing won the first prize in maths. A. who B. whose C. whom D that 10. The factory _we work is very big. A. that B. which C. where D. who 11. The

11、factory _we visited is very big. A. that B. where C. in which D. on which 12. This is the day _we joined the army. A. which B. that C. when D. in which 13. The days _we spent last year will not be forgotten. A. that B. on which C. in which D. when 14. He has such a book _I borrowed from the library.

12、A. which B. that C. as D. what 15. He made the same progress _I did in my entrance examination. A. what B. that C. on which D. as 16. The reason _he gave me was not reasonable. A. that B. why C. for D. for which 17. September 18, 1913 is the day _well never forget. A. that B. when C. on which D. on

13、that 18. I remember the day _I first came to the college. A. on which B. in which C. which D. that 19. Is this factory _we visited last year? A. where B. in which C. the one D. at which 20. Is this the factory _your father worked? A. where B. which C. of which D. in that 21. This is the factory _we

14、visited the day before yesterday. A. where B. which C. the one D. at which 22. Is this the factory _colour TV sets are produced? A. that B. which C. in which D. in that 23. Where is the window _glass is broken? A. which B. that C. whose D. its 24. The book, the cover_is broken, is not mine. A. of it

15、 B. for C. whose D. of which 25. His father is an engineer, _makes him very proud. A. for what B. which C. that D. what 26.That was the reason _Mac refused to speak at the meeting. A. why B. that C. which D. of which 27. The knife _ we cut the bread is very sharp. A. with which B. that which C. whic

16、h with D. which 28. Is there anything _I can do for you? A. which B. what C. that D. whom 29.This is the fact _he is very smart. A. that B. what C. which D. where 30. I got the news _he will go abroad. A. that B. which C. what D. on which 31. This is the worker, _the book was written. A. who B. whom

17、 C. of D. by whom 32. This is the reason _ he was put into prison.A. of it B. for it C. in which D. for which 33. My father made a promise _he would buy me a toll. A. that B. which C. what D. when 歷屆高考題 1.A child _parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose D.with 2. All _ is need

18、ed is a supply of oil A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which 4. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 5. She heard a terrible noise, _brought her heart into her mouth A. itB. which C. this D.th