必修五unit1知識點總結

1、1.have1）have sb/sth do sth “讓某人/物做某事”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間為主動.如：Mum often has me help do some housework.2）have sb/sth doing sth “讓某人/物一直/總是做某事”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間為主動,且強調(diào)動作一直進行.如：Don't have the machine working all the time.3）have sb/sth done “讓某人/物被.”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間為被動關系.如：I had my hair cut yesterday.2.

2、get1）get sb/sth to do sth“使得某人/物去做某事”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間為主動關系,且動作尚未發(fā)生.如：Can you get us to do the experiment?你能讓我們做這個試驗嗎?2）get sb/sth doing sth “使得某人/物正在做某事”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間是主動關系,且動作正在發(fā)生.如：He has got the car starting.3）get sb/sth done “使得某人/物被.”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間是被動關系.如：I must get my bike repaired.3.makem

3、ake sb/sth do sth “使得某人/物做某事”,賓語sb/sth和賓補do之間是主動關系.如：His joke made us all laugh.Unit 1 Great scientists   1. (v.)檢查 ( inspect, check)2. (vt.& vi.) 推斷出，結束3. (vt.) 分析 ( n. analysis)4. (vt.& n) 打敗；戰(zhàn)勝，使受挫；失敗 (beat)5. (vt.) 出席，護理，照顧，參加6. (vt.) 暴露，揭露，使曝光(uncover,unmask, undress,reveal )7. (vt

4、.& n) 治愈，治療；痊愈8. (v.) 控制9. (vt.) 吸收，吸引；使專心10. (vt.& n) 責備，譴責；過失，責備 (criticize, scold,accuse 反praise)11. (adv.) 立即12. (n.& v) 把手；處理，操縱 (deal with)13. (vt.& vi.) 貢獻，捐獻，捐助14. (v.) 完成 (finish)15. (vt.) 拒絕，拋棄，不接受(refuse/ abandon)16 . (n.) 特征，特性17. (adj.) 嚴重的(serious)，嚴厲的，劇烈的18. (adj.) 積極的

5、，肯定的，確實的 (同active/ optimistic/supportive) (反 negative, passive/pessimistic/opposed/object to)19. (adj.) 熱情的，熱心的(n. enthusiasm)20 . (adj.) 小心的，謹慎的(n. caution) (be about)1得出結論 2提出 3另外,除了 4應受到責備 5對嚴格的 6將和聯(lián)系或連接起來 7導致 8講得通，有意義 9使顯露，暴露 10. 有助于，導致 11. 全神貫注于 1So many thousands of terrified people died every

6、 time there was an outbreak .（5th line)此處every time 引導時間狀語從句，相當于whenever, 指“每當.”(狀元橋P116-117)可作連詞用的名詞詞組1，The +瞬間名詞（instant, minute , moment)2，The +序數(shù)詞（first,second.)+ time,3，不定代詞（each,every, any)+ time4，The day (week,month, year,.)此外，有些副詞，如 directly，instantly，immediately 也可引導狀語從句,意為“一.就.”Exercise :1

7、._to his hometown(每次他回到家鄉(xiāng)）,he will visit his teacher. （come）2.(第一次我見到她），I fell in love with her. （see)3._(你一按按鈕）, the machine will start.(moment)4.He visited his old friend_(他到達的那一天）（arrive）5. He turned on the TV _(他一回到家）（immediately)關于time 的其他用法：1.for the first time 是介詞短語，作時間狀語，而the first time 是連詞，

8、引導時間狀語從句如：I met him in the party for the first time.2.It/This/That is/was the first time that.如果用is,則從句用現(xiàn)在完成時，如果用was,則用過去完成時如： It is the first time that(我來到中國） It was the first time that（我見到他）3.It is (high/about time) that.從句用一般過去時如：It is high time that（我們采取措施）to protect our enviroment.(measure)meas

9、ure)2.It seemed that the water was to blame.(25th line)表達“好像，似乎”的句型It seems/appears that.It seems /appears/looks as if.（真實/虛擬）Sb/sth seems/appears to do/be .sb/sth seems/appears +adj/n.(系表結構）Exercise:他似乎很聰明1,_ he is clever.He _.He _.2,It seems as if _(天要下雨了）.3,It seemed as if the pen _（斷了）when we pu

10、t it in the water ，but actually it wasnt.(break)(2012 湖北真題）4,Things arent always_（appear）.事情往往不是它們看上去那樣。4,Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. (5th line)Neither.nor.既不.也不.謂語遵循就近原則，類似的還有：either.or. Not only.but also. , not.but., There be., neither /nor 為否定詞，置于句首時句子要部分倒裝Exercise : (狀元橋P116）5

11、,If you dont take part in the meeting,_ (我也不參加）.(neither)6,In fact, I didnt know his total income. _(我也不在乎）how his money was spent. (neither)7,Neither the players nor the coach_victory,which may be the reason for their loss.(confident) .8,A woman, who., liked the water from the pump so much that she

12、 had it delivered to her house every day.(42nd line)So/ such .that. 如此.以致于.So/such 置于句首時要用部分倒裝如：(這個地方如此美麗）that I would never forget it. (beautiful)have sth done :讓某事被做 或表示遭遇如：1.- where is your computer?-_(我送去修了）in the computer shop.(repair)2. 我的錢包被偷了。_(steal)John Snow suggested that the source of al

13、l the water supplies be examined. (46th line)常用 （should）+ do 在名詞性從句中構成虛擬語氣的動詞一堅持：insist二 命令：order , command三建議：advise, suggest, propose四要求：request, require, demand , desire ,( urge )如：1. The teacher requested that all the exam papers_ (上交）tomorrow.( hand)It was advised that _(他保持健康的飲食）long time ago

14、, but he didnt listen . (keep)1. conclude vt.& vi.斷定，推斷；使結束，終止；達成，締結（con 全部+clude全部關掉結論）include v 包括（in 進入+clude關進去包括）2. conclusion n結束，結論3. in conclusion最后，總之=in a word=in short/brief4. arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結論5. come to the conclusion that.所得結論是1.Richardson_from his studie

15、s that gender equality is still a long way off. (狀元橋P114）A accounted B concludedC resulted D confirmed2. _ the earthquake led to the great disaster in Japan.(conclude) (狀元橋P114）結論是那次地震造成了日本的巨大災難。2. defeat vt.打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫n失敗.( de 去掉+ feat 功績 打?。?狀元橋P114）de-表示"去掉，變壞，離開，變慢，向下"等destruction 破壞（de+

16、struct 結構；建造ion弄壞結構破壞） =destroydesalt 除去鹽分（de+salt 鹽去掉鹽分）dehydration 脫水 （de + hydration 水分 脫水）deforest 砍伐森林（de+forest 森林去掉森林）devalue 降低價值（de+value 價值去掉價值）depress 壓制，壓抑（de+press 壓向下壓壓制）decode 破譯（de+code 密碼去掉密碼）defame 誹謗，中傷（de+fame 名聲名聲變壞誹謗）1,Before I do the experiment,the problem_meWhether I should t

17、urn to Bob for help because he made some experimental mistakes,nearly leading to a fire last time. (狀元橋P114）A overcame B defeatedC removed D conquered,3. expose vt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面臨ex- 表示"出，出去“ expose 暴露（ex+pose 放放出去暴露） exclude 排外（ex+clude 關閉關出去排外）exhale 呼氣（ex+hale 氣出氣呼氣）(1)expose sth./sb./oneself

18、(to.)顯露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己(2)exposed adj.(指地方)無遮蔽的；不遮擋風雨的be exposed to暴露于1,-why are you so angry with me?-You are acually_your little boy to possible dangers by letting him play football in the street.A devoting B relatingC applying D exposing2,We want to_ the kids to as much art and culture as possible.

19、A cause B attachC expose D link (狀元橋P114）3 _(暴露于陽光下）for too long will do harm to your skin.( expose)4 _(暴露于陽光下） for too long, his skin got burnt. (expose)4. attend vt.出席，照顧，護理，參加(1)attend a meeting參加會議attend school/class上學/上課attend a lecture /a movie聽演講/看電影attend to處理；注意傾聽，專心于；照料(2)attendance n出席，到場

20、；出席人數(shù)Exercise : I may be lateI have got one or two things to _(要處理)attend，join，take part in/ participate in(1)attend 一般指參加會議、婚禮等；也可指上學、聽報告等。Mr.Wang attended our class meeting.王老師參加了我們的班會。(2)join通常指加入某個組織，成為其中的一員；或用于句型join sb.in doing sth.表示參與某項正在進行的活動。He joined the Party in 1950.他在1950年入了黨。(成為一名黨員)(

21、3)take part in / participate in常指參加一些群體性的、大型的、嚴肅的活動或體育活動。She was invited to take part in a TV debate.她被邀請參加一場電視辯論。5. blame vt.責備；譴責；把歸咎于n過失；責備(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事而責備某人blame sth.on sb.把某事怪到某人頭上be to blame (for) 應受責備(2)get/accept/bear/take the blame for.對負責lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事歸咎于某人身上

22、 1,The judge laid the _for the accident on the driver of the car.A wrong b blameC mistake d punishment2. It is you,including your cousin,_ (應受到責備）for the loss of the golden chance.3.Never before _his mistakes, but this time it is very serious.之前我從未因他的錯誤而責備他，但這次錯誤太嚴重了。6. absorb vt.吸引，吸收，使專心于ab-,abs-表

23、示"相反，變壞，離去”absorb吸收（ab+sorb吸收吸收掉）abnormal反常的（ab+normal正常的 反常的）abuse濫用（ab+use用用壞濫用）absent缺席的（ab+sent出現(xiàn)沒有出現(xiàn)缺席的）abstract抽象的；心不在焉的（abs+tract拉拉開抽象的心不在焉）(1)be absorbed in doing sth.專心做某事be buried/occupied/caught/trapped/located o.把吸收進(2)absorbed adj.全神貫注的，一心一意的absorbent adj.可吸收的，容易被吸收的Exe

24、rcise :_(專心于他的工作）, he didnt notice I was coming. （absorb)7. contribute vt.& vi.捐款；貢獻；捐助Con- 前綴表示全部 contribute( con-tribute貢金, 貢物貢獻）conclude結束；總結(con+clude關閉全部關閉結束)confirm堅定；證實(con+firm堅定)condense凝結；濃縮(con+dense濃密的)consolidate鞏固，加強(con+solid堅固+ate鞏固，加強）Conflict沖突（con+flict打一起打斗沖突）(1)contribute.to

25、.把貢獻給contribute to.導致；向投稿；有助于(2)contribution n貢獻；捐款；稿件make a contribution to（介詞)對作出貢獻make achievements to Proper rest and enough sleep _ to good health.A appeal B applyC contribute D accustom2.Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which_(contribute)許多人給這個可憐的小男孩捐錢,使他重新回到了校園4. cure n治愈；痊愈 vt.治

26、愈；治療；解決 Cure a patient/ a disease 治愈病人、疾病cure sb. of 治愈某人的疾??；矯正某人的不良行為a cure for sth. 治療的方法；對策 1,It is lucky that the doctor has _the pain in my shoulder. I can do everything now.A ended B restoredC prevented D cured辨析 cure/treat/heal/recover (1)cure意為“治療；治愈”，多用于用藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習氣。 That pill cured

27、my headache.那藥治好了我的頭疼。(2)treat為日常用語，意為“治療；醫(yī)治”，指治療病人的全過程或活動。(3)heal意為“治愈(傷口); 醫(yī)治”，指治好外傷或燒傷后的患部，使傷口愈合，不用于治療感冒等疾病。 The wound on my arm has healed.我胳膊上的傷已治好了。(4)recover意為“痊愈；復原”，主要是指從病中痊愈，常與from連用。He's now fully recovered from his bad cold.他現(xiàn)在已從重感冒完全康復了。9. put forward提出（come up )，建議；推薦；將提前 (狀元橋P115）

28、put aside 節(jié)省，儲蓄，儲存put away 放好，積蓄put back 放回，撥回put down 記下，鎮(zhèn)壓put in 放入，加進put off 延期，推遲(delay)Put on 穿上，上演Put out 撲滅，熄滅，出版Put up 舉起，張貼，公布，搭建，掛起Put up with= stand / bear / tolerate 忍受put through接通電話1.-Why is he feeling down today?-Because the suggestion he _has been turned down.A put out B put offC put

29、 down D put forward2 . The citizens expect some new plans_(提出）by the local authorities to solve the problems of traffic jam. (put) 第三部分 英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該題涂黑。It always seems that having traditions is a good thing. They create 41

30、that will last a lifetime. So when our children, David and Darla, were preschoolers we started a family Christmas 42 . It was our tree-trimming (裝飾) party and it would be complete with eggnog (蛋奶酒) and pfeffernüsse cookies.The kids were 43 as we pulled the freshly-cut tree into the house. It sm

31、elled so good. We would turn on the Christmas 44 and the tree trimming would begin.Our hearts seemed to 45 to the rhythm of the Christmas songs. The kids eyes twinkled with excitement. It was a heartwarming 46 . When finished, we would sit enjoying the eggnog and pfeffernüsse cookies.Years late

32、r, when my daughter, Darla, was home from college, she 47 to help trim the tree. I was so 48 .Before we 49 it, the tree trimming was finished. It was a beautiful tree and its 50 smell filled the room. As we had done every year before, I brought out the eggnog and the pfeffernüsse cookies for ou

33、r traditional 51 .Then, amidst the laughter, Darla suddenly got very 52 and said she had something to tell me. From her 53 and body language, I knew she was 54 it.She sat down next to me. Then very 55 and caringly, Darla looked at me in the eye and said, “Mom, Ive 56 liked pfeffernüsse cookies.

34、”Then I realized the absolute importance of what she had just said. Why didnt she ever tell me? In all those childhood years, rather than 57 Moms feelings and spoil Moms tradition, she had endured the cookies 58 . From a childs heart, year after year after year she had given me the gift of 59 !My da

35、ughter taught me a very important lesson in life: The best 60 arent always found under the Christmas tree.41. A. wondersB. situationsC. memories D. interests 42. A. partyB. meetingC. habit D. tradition43. A. excitedB. curiousC. helpful D. naughty 44. A. lights B. songs C. channels D. programmes 45.

36、A. appealB. speak C. talk D. dance46. A. meal B. greeting C. eveningD. end 47. A. offeredB. refused C. neededD. remembered 48. A. apologeticB. regretful C. puzzledD. grateful49. A. cut B. knewC. recalled D. asked 50. A. strange B. common C. pleasant D. unusual51. A. dinnerB. solution C. behaviorD. c

37、elebration52. A. annoyedB. inspired C. serious D. impolite 53. A. hesitation B. relaxationC. confidence D. attention 54. A. expecting B. fearing C. making D. discovering 55. A. urgently B. patientlyC. humorously D. gently56. A. everB. yetC. never D. really 57. A. careB. hurtC. read D. express 58. A.

38、 silently B. painfully C. gradually D. unfairly 59. A. life B. sight C. love D. forgiveness60. A. cookies B. relatives C. stories D. gifts第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。My dear husband, I am sending you this letter by e-mail so that you will be sure to read it. P

39、lease forgive us for leaving, but I think you should know 61 has happened at home since your computer entered our lives two years ago. You just spend all day playing games or 62 (chat) online. After all, both the kids and I need a normal life so we chose to leave. The children are doing well. Tommy

40、is seven now and he is a bright and handsome boy. He has developed 63 great interest in arts. You should be very proud 64 him. Little Jennifer turned five in September. 65 is an attractive child and quite smart. She still remembers the day 66 you spent the whole afternoon with us on her birthday. No

41、w we 67 (take) a trip and I have to do the packing. I have hired a housekeeper to take care of things while we are away. I believe she can put things 68 order, fill your coffee cup and bring your meals to your desk, just the way you like it. I hope you and the computer will have a 69 (love) time whi

42、le we are not at home. Tommy, Jennifer and I will miss you often. Try to remember us while your computer is booting, or call me on condition 70 you think we are more important than the computer. Love, Your wife第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞。2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。I had an unusual experience today. In the morning, I was walking along