狀語從句(9種

1、1. 時(shí)間狀語從句常用弓丨導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before,after, since , till, until特殊引導(dǎo)詞:every time, the daythe minute, the moment, the second,the instant, immediately ,directly, no soonerthan, hardly when,scarcely whenI didn ' t realize how special my mother was untilI became an adult.While John was

2、 watching TV, his wife was cooking.果園）,The children ran away from the orchard(the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began torain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get intotrouble.2. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： where特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily

3、 p olluted wherethere are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.地點(diǎn)狀語從句§4 地點(diǎn)狀語從句(adverbial clause of pl ace)地點(diǎn)狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等弓導(dǎo)，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，例如:句型1 : Where +地點(diǎn)從句，（there ）+主句。【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里哪里就”主句在從句后面時(shí)，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時(shí)，一般都不用there。例如:Where there is no rain, farming is dif

4、ficult orimp ossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本 不可能的。They were good p ersons. Where they went, therethey were warmly welcomed.他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。You should have put the book where you found it.你本來應(yīng)該把書放回原來的地方。Where the Communist Party of China goes, therethe people are liberated.哪里有了中國共產(chǎn)黨，哪里人民得解放。句型2: A

5、nywhere/ wherever+地點(diǎn)從句，+主句。【注意】anywhere本身是個(gè)副詞，但是，?？梢怨瓕?dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。wherever本身就是個(gè)連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如:Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.海就有海員。3回答者：快樂如3. 原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： because, since, as, for特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that,' m handsome andconsi

6、dering that, given that.My friends dislike me because Isuccessful.Now that everybody has come, let ' s begin ourconference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it maydiscourage people from trying to earn more.4. 目的狀語從句常用弓 I導(dǎo)詞： so that, in order that特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that,inthehop

7、e that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry upwiththeletters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purposethatthestudents in the back could hear more clearly.5. 結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： sothat, such that,the特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, toexten

8、t that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It ' s such a good chance that we must not missit.To such a degree was he excited that he couldn ' tslee p last night.6. 條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless,特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if,p roviding/provided that, supp osing tha

9、t, in case that, on condition thatWe II start our project if the presidentagrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you kee pon trying.P rovided that there is no opp osition, we shallhold the meeting here.7. 讓步狀語從句常用弓丨導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, eventhough特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝while (般用在句首 ),n

10、o matter -in sp ite ofthe fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can ' t agree to hispropo sal.盡管我很尊敬他，我卻不同意他的建議。The old man always enjoys swimming even thoughthe weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not changeher mi

11、nd.He won' t listen whatever you may say.8.比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as（同級(jí)比較）,than（不同程度的比較）特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the more t he more ;just as ，so ;A is to B what /as X is to Y; nomore than;not A so much as BShe is as bad-te mp ered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthieryou

12、will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。9.方式狀語從句常用弓I導(dǎo)詞： as, as if, how特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way ourp arents have taught us.三、條件狀語從句要點(diǎn)： 表示狀語從句由連詞 if, un less (=if not) 1f it doesn '

13、 t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.引導(dǎo)。如果明天不下雨,我們就去遠(yuǎn)足.2. You will get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)取得好成績.3will go to the p arty uni ess he goes there too.我會(huì)去參加聚會(huì)的，除非他也去.(如果他不去，我就去.)4.You will be late uni ess you leave immediately.如果你不馬上走，你將會(huì)遲到的.(=If you don ' t leave immediately, you

14、will be late.),當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)難點(diǎn)提示：用條件狀語從句時(shí)要注意時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).'t fine tomorrow.lHe will no t leave if it isn一般將來時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)does n' t rain n ext week.lThey are going to have a picnic if it一般將來時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)辨析.難點(diǎn)because , since , as , for,1) because語勢最強(qiáng)，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或since。I d

15、idn ' t go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journ ey.2) 由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。He is abse nt today, becaus e / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is abse nt today.引導(dǎo)的從句在主句后。例: (同義句)3) as和for的區(qū)別：for通常情況下，as

16、引導(dǎo)的從句在主句前，As the weather is cold, I stay at home.I stay at home, for the weather is cold.五、目的狀語從句sothat , in order that要點(diǎn)：目的狀語從句由連詞that, so that,引導(dǎo)。1. so that 以至，以便I ' II run slowlyso that you can catch up with me.(目的）我將慢慢跑以至你能趕上我。目的）I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.(我把窗戶打開以使新

17、鮮空氣可以進(jìn)來。2.i n order that=so that:為了We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arran geme nts.（目的）不久我們將會(huì)讓你知道詳情，以便你們能夠做出安排。3.despite prep.不管，盡管=in spite of不管六、結(jié)果狀語從句that, so要點(diǎn)：結(jié)果狀語從句由連詞（so ）that, so that, such much/ma nythat引導(dǎo)。1. sothat 如此以至于we were all veryThe scientis

18、t ' s report was so instructive that excited.科學(xué)家的報(bào)告很有啟發(fā)性，我們感到很興奮。He always studied so hard that he made great p rogress.他總是那么努力，結(jié)果他取得了很大的進(jìn)步。2. suchthat 如此。以至It ' s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天氣是如此的好，我們大家都想去公園玩。3. 比較：so和such其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名 詞詞組，s

19、o是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little（這四個(gè)形容詞表多或表少時(shí)）連用，形成固定搭配。so foolish such a foolso nice a flowersuch a nice flowerso many / few flowerssuch nice flowersso much / little mon ey. such rapid p rogressso many people such a lot of people（so many已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但a lot of 為名詞性的，

20、只能用 such搭配。）sothat 與suchthat 之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。The boy is so young that he can ' t go to school.He is such a young boy that he can ' t go to school難點(diǎn)+形容詞或副詞+形+a(a n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so +many或few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that+much或little+ 不可數(shù)名詞so that ,such that 都可以 in order that兩者皆可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句，can, could, may.當(dāng)

21、他們引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)，從句的謂語里常常有might, will, would 等次。so +adj或adv.+ that , such +n.+ that以上兩種句型都表示結(jié)果，其中so為副詞，后接形容詞，副詞原型，當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有many, few ；不可數(shù)名詞前有 much, little修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)采用句型：so many (few, much,little )+n.。such為形容詞，后只能接名詞。這名詞既可以地可數(shù)的，也可以是不可數(shù)的。如果這名詞是可數(shù)，單數(shù)，則必須在名詞前加冠詞a(an).常見的形式是 :such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)peop

22、le.1。I ' ve had so many falls that I ' m black and blue all over.'t give you any.我跌了很多跤，渾身數(shù)摔得清一塊紫一塊2。there are so few notebooks that I can筆記本太少了 ，我一本也給不了你.3。It is such nice weather that I' d like to take a walk.天氣是如此只好，以至于我想去散散步.4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.麥克是如此

23、誠實(shí)的一個(gè)人，以至于大家都相信他(二Mike is such an hon est man that we all believe him.)5。The weather is so nice that I ' d like to take a walk.天氣是如此只好，以至于我想去散散步.七、讓步狀語從句要點(diǎn)：表示讓步的狀語從句由連詞though, although 引導(dǎo).難點(diǎn)：Ithough, although 當(dāng)雖然講，都不能和but連用.Although,(though) but的格式是不對(duì)的.但是他們都可以同yet (still)連用.所以though (although) y

24、et(still)的格式是正確的.Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.雖然他很富有，然而他并不快樂.Right : Although we have grow n up, our parents treat us as childre n.Right : Although we have grow n up, our parents still treat us as childre n.盡管我們已經(jīng)長大了，可是我們的父母仍把我們看作小孩.

25、although, though 辨析although 不能though那樣用作副詞，放在句末表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)要用 eve n though.1。He is looking fit, though.但是，他看上去很健康.考點(diǎn)2。Even though I didn ' t under a word, I kept smiling.盡管我一個(gè)字也不懂，我還是一直微笑著。3。He is quite experieneed, he is young, though.盡管他很年輕，他很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。典型例題1) she is young, she knows quite a lot.A. Whe n B.

26、 However C. Although D. U nl ess答案：C。意為雖然她很年輕，卻知道許多。2) as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前(形容詞、副詞、分 詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前)。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.=Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意：a. 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。b. 句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓

27、語 和狀語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。Try hard as he will, he n ever seems able to do the work satisfactorily.=Though he tries hard, he n ever seems雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。3) ever if, eve n though.即使we ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.4) whether - or - 不管都Whether you believe it or no t, it is true.5） "

28、no matter + 疑問詞"或"疑問詞+后綴ever" No matter what happen ed, he would not mind. Whatever happen ed, he would not mind. 替換： no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter whe n = whe never no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however注意：no matte

29、r不能引導(dǎo) 主語從句 和賓語從句。（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now.你現(xiàn)在說什么也沒用了。（Whatever you say（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they（對(duì)）Prisoners have to eat whate ver they ' 只能給什么吃什么。是主語從句）'re given,re give n.囚犯們八、比較狀語從句要點(diǎn)：比較狀語從句主要運(yùn)用于形容詞和副詞的原級(jí), 級(jí)的句子之中。比較級(jí)

30、及最高原級(jí)1. as as 和和 0 0 0 樣Jack is as tall as Bob.捷克和湯姆一樣高。2. not so（as） as和不一樣She is not so（as）outgo ing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向。比較級(jí)more than （ 更 ）This book is more in structive tha n that one.這本書比那本書由教育意義。最咼級(jí)1. The most in/ofThis book is the most in teresti ng of the three.這本書是三本中最有趣的。2. the + 形容詞 +es

31、t of/inThis road is the busiest street in our city.這條路是我們城市最繁忙的街道。知識(shí)擴(kuò)展no more than 只不過（嫌少的意思）1。I have no more than two pens.我只有兩支筆。2。It ' s no more than a mile to the shops.去商店不過一英里。not more than不如。；（前者不如后者）1。Jack is not more diligent than John.捷克不如約翰勤奮。2。one of the + 名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）.之一（用于最高級(jí)）Han Mei is

32、one of the best stude nts in our school.韓梅是我們學(xué)校最好的學(xué)生之一。九、方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)。方式狀語從句通常由as, （just） asso,as if, as though1） as, （just） asso引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在（just） asso結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是"正如","就像"，多用于正式文體，例如：1。Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。2。As water

33、is to fish, so air is to man.我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。3。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so weshould sweep backwardideasfrom our min ds.正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。2） as if, as though兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作"仿佛似的"，"好像似的"，例如：1。They completely ignore th

34、ese facts as if （as though） they never existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。（與事實(shí)相反，謂 語用虛擬語氣。）2。He looks as if （as though） he had been hit by lighting.他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。）3。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看來天氣很快就會(huì)好起來。（實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。）說明：as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語、不定式短語或無動(dòng)詞短語，例如：1。He stared at me as if seeing me for fir