托福閱讀機經(jīng)背景：腸道細菌可以影響人的情緒

1、智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料托福閱讀機經(jīng)背景：腸道細菌可以影響人的情緒 Bacteria and behaviour 細菌和行為學 Gut instinct 腸道反應 Tantalising evidence that intestinal bacteria can influence mood 逗引的證據(jù)表明，腸道細菌可以影響人的情緒 Sep 3rd 2011 | from the print edition A GOOD way to make yourself unpopular at dinner parties is to point out that a typical person

2、is, from a microbiologists perspective, a walking, talking Petri dish. An extraordinary profusion of microscopic critters inhabit every crack and crevice of the typical human, so many that they probably outnumber the cells of the body upon and within which they dwell. 一個讓你自己在晚宴上不受歡迎的好方式就是，從微生物學家的角度指

3、出，一位有代表性的人就是一個會走動并會說話的皮氏培養(yǎng)皿。每位有代表性的人的裂紋和縫隙里生活著無數(shù)的微小生物，它們的數(shù)目如此之多可能超過它們所依靠并棲息的人體細胞。 Happily, these microbes are mostly harmless. Some of them, particularly those that live in the gut, are positively beneficial, helping with digestion and keeping the intestines in good working order. That is no surpris

4、ebacteria as much as people have an interest in keeping their homes in sound condition. What is surprising is the small but growing body of evidence which suggests that bacteria dwelling in the gut can affect the brain, too, and thereby influence an individuals mood and behaviour. The most recent pa

5、per on the topic, published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reports (like much of the research in this field) on results in mice. 幸運地是，這些微生物大部分都是無害的。其中一些，特別是那些生活在消化道里的微生物，實際上是有益的，不僅有助于消化還保持腸道良好的工作秩序。這毫不奇怪細菌和人一樣也喜歡保持家園狀態(tài)完好。奇怪的是，雖然數(shù)量不多，但越來越多的證據(jù)表明，生活在腸道的細菌也可能影響大腦，繼而影響個

6、人的情緒和行為。本周有關該主題的論文刊登在美國國家科學院院刊的一篇文章報道(像這個領域的許多研究一樣)了應用小鼠的實驗結(jié)果。 The researchers, led by Javier Bravo of University College, Cork, split their rodent subjects into two groups. One lot were fed a special broth containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus, a gut-dwelling bacterium often found in yogurt and other

7、dairy products. The others were fed an ordinary diet, not fortified with microbes. 科克大學學院的哈維爾·布拉沃(Javier Bravo)帶領下的研究人員將這些嚙齒目動物分成兩組。一組以一種在酸奶和其它乳制品中經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)的含乳酸桿菌屬鼠李糖乳桿菌(學名為Lactobacillus rhamnosus)的特別液體培養(yǎng)基喂食。另一組則以不用微生物強化的一般食物喂食。 The team then subjected the mice to a battery of tests that are used routinely to measure the emotional states of rodents. Most (though not all) of these tests showed significant differences between the two groups of animals. 然后，研究組人員對小鼠進行了一套測試。這套測試經(jīng)常用于衡量嚙齒類動物的情感狀態(tài)。大部分(雖然不是所有的)測試表明，兩組動物之間有著顯著的不同。 相關推薦： 托福閱讀機經(jīng)