有關地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實踐能力培養(yǎng)的探析中英文對照

1、有關地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實踐能力培養(yǎng)的探析中英文對照On the training of the local university city planningprofessional engineering practice ability in Chinese andEnglish.章通過對地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實踐能力培養(yǎng)的探索與實踐的研究，基于“理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實習訓練T工程實踐”模式，提出了培養(yǎng)地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實踐能力的措施， 全面提高學生綜合素質(zhì)， 為地方建設提供 “會規(guī)劃、 能設計、 懂管理” 的應用型人才。 Chapter through the researc

2、h and practice of training of local university city planning professional engineering practice ability ", based on the theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice " mode, put forward the training of local university city planning professional engineering practice ability

3、 measures, improve students' comprehensive qualities, to provide " application talent planning, can design, understand the management " for the local construction.關鍵詞：地方高校；城市規(guī)劃；工程實踐能力培養(yǎng)；探索與實踐Keywords: Local University; city planning; the training of engineering practice ability; explor

4、ation and Practice 前言Preface 在我國高等教育大眾化、現(xiàn)代化進程中，地方本科院校起著舉足輕重的作用，高校、特 別是地方高校人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量問題成為全社會關注的焦點。 地方建設尤其是小城鎮(zhèn)建設、 新農(nóng) 村建設等工程項目急需地方高校給予支持與合作， 因此， 對于地方高校工程建設專業(yè)人才的 培養(yǎng)，應當在宏觀思考、微觀操作、教學實踐、教學運行、產(chǎn)學研三者結(jié)合等方面做嚴肅認 真的思考。 基于這樣的思考， 我們的教學團隊一直堅持不懈地在教學與實踐中探索如何基于“理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實習訓練T工程實踐”模式，強化學生工程意識， 培養(yǎng)與訓練學生以工程實踐能力為核心，全面提高綜合素質(zhì)，為地

5、方建設提供“會規(guī)劃、能設計、懂管理” 的應用型人才。In the process of higher education popularization, modernization of our country, local colleges play a decisive role, especially in Colleges and universities, is becoming the focus of attention of the whole society quality of talents cultivation in local colleges and univer

6、sities. Local construction especially in urgent need of local colleges and universities in the construction of small towns, the new rural construction and other projects to support and cooperation, therefore, training for local colleges and universities construction professionals, should in the macr

7、oscopic, microscopic operation thinking, teaching practice, teaching, research the combination of the three, serious consideration. Based on this, our teaching team has been unremittingly to explore how to based on the " theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice " mode

8、 of practice in the teaching and practice, to strengthen the engineering consciousness of students, to cultivate and train the engineering practice ability as the core, improve the overall quality, to provide " application talent planning, can design, understand the management " for the lo

9、cal construction.一、城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實踐能力培養(yǎng)的目的與意義Objective and significance of culture, city planning professional engineering practice ability.筆者試圖結(jié)合調(diào)研組織跨學科力量開展教學、 設計與實踐等教學， 建立學校與行業(yè)、 企 業(yè)溝通的工程技術教育訓練體系，實現(xiàn)“工程教育”和“教育服務社會”的相互促進和雙重 超越。The author tries to design and practice of teaching, combined with the research

10、organization to carry out interdisciplinary strength teaching, build schools and industry, enterprise communication engineering and technical education and training system, the realization of " engineering education " and " education to service society " to promote each other and

11、 double transcendence.(一) 培養(yǎng)學生工程實踐能力( a ) to cultivate students' ability of engineering practice在傳統(tǒng)的專業(yè)教學過程中， 只是以理論知識教學為主， 輔以趨于“理想化” 的課程設計， 學生應對實踐工程項目的能力較弱。 該項目計劃主要就是針對此問題， 通過執(zhí)行 “理論研究 T調(diào)研分析T實習訓練T工程實踐”計劃模式，旨在培養(yǎng)學生的工程實踐能力，在實踐中提高專業(yè)技能。In the traditional teaching process of professional theoretical kno

12、wledge, but to the teaching, and tends to be " ideal curriculum design ", students should practice project ability. The project is mainly to solve this problem, through the implementation of " theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice " practice mode, in orde

13、r to cultivate students' ability of engineering practice, to improve the professional skills in practice.(二) 注重師生科研成果的社會實用性( two ) the social utility of the teacher and students achievements in scientific research 教師、學生將調(diào)研報告、科研論文、工程項目設計圖文等作為科研成果，能為政府及規(guī) 劃設計部門提供項目工程實踐的理論研究和措施建議，能加強工程項目設計的深度，因此， 師生

14、的科研成果應嚴格執(zhí)行 “理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實習訓練T工程實踐”模式，以加強科研成果的社會實用性。Teachers, students will research reports, research papers, project design graphic as scientific research, can provide the suggestion of theoretical research and engineering practice of the measures for the government and planning departments, to stren

15、gthen project design depth, therefore, teachers' and students' scientific research should strictly implement the " theoretical research, analysis, training, research the engineering practice " mode of practice, to strengthen the social utility of scientific research.(三) 提高教師的業(yè)務能力(

16、three ) improve the teacher's professional ability 教師通過理論研究、參與工程項目實踐，指導學生的同時，提煉自身專業(yè)技能，提高工 程實踐能力，提高實踐教學能力。Teachers through theoretical study, participate in project practice, guide the students at the same time, refine their professional skills, improve the ability of engineering practice, to imp

17、rove practical teaching ability.(四) 提高湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃工程項目的效率( four ) to improve the efficiency of Northwestern Hunan area new rural planning project 如今，全國新農(nóng)村建設已進入一個新的階段， 但是，包括湘西北地區(qū)在內(nèi)的中很多農(nóng)村， 許多項目并沒有得以具體實施，設計只是一紙空文，而且缺乏深度與特色。因此，培養(yǎng)地方 建設應用型人才， 提高湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃工程項目實踐的效率和效果，是該項目的研究要解決的重要問題，也是我校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)培養(yǎng)人才的主要目標。

18、Now, new rural construction of our country has entered a new stage, however, many rural including northwest Hunan, many projects have not been specific implementation, design is just a mere scrap of paper, and the lack of depth and characteristics. Therefore, cultivating applied talents of local con

19、struction, raise the efficiency and effect of Northwestern Hunan area new rural planning project practice, is an important problem to be solved on the project, the main target is our city planning professional personnel training.二、“理論T調(diào)研T實訓T實踐”模式的探索Two, " theory, research, practice, practice &q

20、uot; mode我們的教學團隊在教學與實踐中堅持基于“理論研究T調(diào)研分析T實習訓練T工程實 踐”模式，探索如何強化學生工程意識、培養(yǎng)與訓練學生以工程實踐能力，并全面提高綜合 素質(zhì)，為地方建設提供“會規(guī)劃、能設計、懂管理”的應用型人才。Our teaching team in the teaching and Practice on " theoretical research, based on the investigation and analysis, training and practice " mode, explore how to strengthen t

21、he engineering consciousness of students, to cultivate and train the engineering practice ability, and improve the overall quality, to provide " application talent planning, design, understand the management " for local construction.(一) 課堂中教學團隊開展新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃理論專題講授( a ) the classroom - teaching

22、team to carry out special new rural community planning theory teaching教師通過結(jié)合教學大綱的要求和專業(yè)課程的設置情況， 指導學生學習 城市規(guī)劃原理 、 小城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃資料集 、村鎮(zhèn)建設 、相關村鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃標準及新農(nóng)村規(guī)劃優(yōu)秀設計方案等書籍 文獻，加深學生對小城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃、新農(nóng)村規(guī)劃等理論知識的熟悉。Arrangement of teachers by combining the requirements of the syllabus and curriculum, guide students to learn " city

23、 planning principle ", " small town planning data set ", " rural construction ", the relevant planning standards and the new rural planning design, excellent books, the students in the small town planning, the new rural planning theory knowledge.(二) 課堂外教師帶領學生赴湘西北地區(qū)農(nóng)村開展調(diào)研并參與工

24、程實踐( two ) class - teachers lead students to Northwest Hunan rural areas to carry out research and in engineering practice1指導教師與相關部門聯(lián)系，帶領學生深入湘西北地區(qū)農(nóng)村，開展村莊建設現(xiàn)狀的實 地調(diào)研， 針對湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村的建設現(xiàn)狀撰寫調(diào)研報告， 為后期的科研工作和工程實踐做 好準備。1 teachers with related departments, to lead the students to rural development in northwester

25、n Hunan Province, field research current situation of the village construction, writing research reports for the construction of new rural area north of Xiangxi, to prepare for the later research work and engineering practice.2教師帶領學生赴實習基地，參加新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃工程項目實踐的實習與訓練，提高 工程實踐能力，為日后的工程項目實踐打下基礎。2 teachers lea

26、d students to practice base, practice and training to participate in the new rural planning project practice, improve the ability of engineering practice, and lay the foundation for the future practice of Engineering project.3教師指導學生針對調(diào)研結(jié)果，提出湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃的措施與建議，并公 開發(fā)表科研論文。 針對調(diào)研結(jié)果， 提出湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整治規(guī)劃的措施與建議

27、， 教師爭取 在核心期刊公開發(fā)表相關論文，教師指導學生爭取在省級以上期刊公開發(fā)表相關科研論文。3 teachers guide students according to the research results, proposed measures and suggestions for new rural community planning in Northwest Hunan, and published research papers. According to the research results, proposed measures and suggestions for n

28、ew rural community planning in Northwest Hunan, teachers for the core journals published papers, teachers guide students to strive for in the provincial journals published related research papers.4教師與相關設計單位聯(lián)系，教師親自參與，同時指導學生參與湘西北地區(qū)新農(nóng)村整 治規(guī)劃工程項目的設計。4 teachers and related design units, teachers personall

29、y involved in the design at the same time, guiding students to participate in the north area of Xiangxi new rural planning project.三、提高地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)工程實踐能力的措施Three, improve the local university city planning professional engineering practice ability measures（一）將理論教學、實驗訓練與工程實踐緊密結(jié)合（ a ） combined with prac

30、tical experiments and engineering theory teaching, training 理論教學與實踐環(huán)節(jié)的相互脫節(jié)，是工程教育易患的毛病，我們探索“理論教學、實驗 教學、工程實踐”三者的有機結(jié)合和相互穿插、滲透。從教學規(guī)劃上提高質(zhì)量和效益，轉(zhuǎn)變 單一規(guī)劃的人才培養(yǎng)為多層次、多類型、多目標培養(yǎng)，促進學生知識、能力、素質(zhì)的協(xié)調(diào)與 全面發(fā)展，具有很強的現(xiàn)實意義。The disjoint of theory teaching and practice, is susceptible to engineering education problems, we explo

31、re " theory teaching, experimental teaching, engineering practice of " combine the three and mutual penetration, penetration. To improve the quality and efficiency of the teaching plan, changing a single planning personnel training for the multi-level, multi-type, multi target culture, pro

32、mote the harmonious and all-round development of students' knowledge, ability and quality, has the very strong practical significance.（二）突顯工程教育特色，促進工程實踐回歸（ two ） feature engineering education highlights, promote the engineering practice of regression 目前我國工程教育存在的主要問題之一是過分側(cè)重工程科學分析，輕視工程實踐訓練。人才培養(yǎng)模式格

33、式單一、課程結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，知識面窄，教師學生缺乏工程實踐經(jīng)驗等。本課 題試圖建立學校與行業(yè)、 企業(yè)溝通的工程技術教育訓練體系， 聘請企業(yè)工程技術人員參與教 學改革，知道教學設計。組織學生進駐設計部門、實習基地，親身感受和參與工程實踐。突 出學生的主體作用，促進工程實踐回歸，實現(xiàn)“技術性實踐”向“反思性實踐”的轉(zhuǎn)變，為 地方培養(yǎng)工程建設急需的 “會規(guī)劃、 能設計、 懂管理” 的應用型人才， 具有重要的社會意義。 One of the main problems existing in China's engineering education at present is too much

34、emphasis on engineering science analysis, contempt of engineering practice and training. Mode single, curriculum structure of talent cultivation is not reasonable, narrow range of knowledge, lack of practical experience of teachers and students of engineering. This paper tries to set up schools and

35、industry, enterprise communication engineering and technical education and training system, employing enterprise engineering and technical personnel involved in the teaching reform, know the teaching design. Organize students into the design department, practice base, experience and participation in

36、 engineering practice. The main role of students, promote the engineering practice of regression, the realization of " practical " to " practical ", train local engineering construction are in urgent need of " planning, design, understand the management " applied talent

37、s, has important social significance.（三）開發(fā)復合型城市規(guī)劃技術教育課程，改觀城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)教學內(nèi)容( three ) the development of composite city planning technology education curriculum, teaching content of city planning major.當今科學技術發(fā)展的一個明顯特點是， 學科交叉不斷增強， 新技術大量涌現(xiàn)。 新技術打 破了工程職能之間的嚴格界限，新技術大都是多學科的，這就需要高校清除舊的學科界限， 加強跨學科教育， 使工科學生能夠運用工程的系統(tǒng)

38、方法去思考和解決問題。 這對于轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng) 的專業(yè)教育為綜合的工程技術教育，具有重要的實際意義。An obvious feature of the development of science and technology is increasing, interdisciplinary, new technologies emerge. The new technology has broken the strict boundaries between the functions of the project, new technology is multidisciplinary, whic

39、h requires the removal of the old boundary of discipline, strengthen the interdisciplinary education, so that students can use system engineering method to think and solve problems. The professional education, change the traditional engineering education, has important practical significance.(四) 充分利

40、用地方教育資源，形成區(qū)域人才培養(yǎng)特色，開創(chuàng)地方城市規(guī)劃教育新局面( four ) to make full use of local educational resources, form the characteristic culture of regional talent, and create a new situation in city planning education從目前的社會需求與就業(yè)形勢來看， 將來地方本科院校城規(guī)專業(yè)學生的就業(yè)， 應以中小 城鎮(zhèn)為主要發(fā)展方向，認清形勢，明確方向，有針對性地為中小城鎮(zhèn)建設培養(yǎng)應用型人才。 我校規(guī)劃專業(yè)于 2004 年開始招收本科生，辦學時間短，師資力量不足，但是，我校地處湘 西北地區(qū)， 是本地區(qū)文化教育中心， 與地方設計院所有著良好的合作基礎。 本課題重點探索 地方高校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)教育主動出擊，走出校門，適應地方社會發(fā)展需要，服務地方，充分 利用行業(yè)、 企業(yè)中豐富的工程實踐教學資源， 形成區(qū)域人才培養(yǎng)特色， 走出地方本科院校城 市規(guī)劃教育狹窄于技術和技術上狹窄的陰影，實現(xiàn)從消極被動和適應到積極主動創(chuàng)新的轉(zhuǎn) 變，力爭實現(xiàn)“工程教育”和“教育服務社會”的相互促進和雙重超越，努力開創(chuàng)地方本科 院校城市規(guī)劃專業(yè)教育的新局面。From the social