《被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法》

1、整理課件 What is the Passive Voice?整理課件被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時(shí)，時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是謂語(yǔ)的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be表現(xiàn)出表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。來(lái)。整理課件 英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(the Passive Voice)A. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者

2、。B. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.整理課件We speak English.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)English is spoken by us.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)They cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我們打掃了教室。昨天我們打掃了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我們打掃了。昨天教室被我們打掃了。整理課件 何時(shí)使用

3、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車(chē)被盜了。我的自行車(chē)被盜了。 整理課件三、漢語(yǔ)中含有三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有有人說(shuō)人說(shuō)”、“大家說(shuō)大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如：等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he cli

4、mbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō)據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō) It is supposed that 整理課件四、漢語(yǔ)中含有四、漢語(yǔ)中含有“被被”、“由由”等詞時(shí)。等詞時(shí)。例如：例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫來(lái)的。叫來(lái)的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989 整理課件 the

5、 Structure is助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 (be+V.P.P) 整理課件1.1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：1)1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不發(fā)音以不發(fā)音e e結(jié)尾的加結(jié)尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以輔音加以輔音加y y結(jié)尾的，去結(jié)尾的，去y y變變i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-ed-edsto

6、p-stopped：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone整理課件2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞be有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化,其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)一樣。如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood.He is asked a question by the teacher.I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.整理課件在改寫(xiě)中應(yīng)注意：在改寫(xiě)中應(yīng)注意：來(lái)的來(lái)的提到前面作被動(dòng)

7、語(yǔ)態(tài)的提到前面作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的2.把動(dòng)詞變成把動(dòng)詞變成“”;變?yōu)榻樵~變?yōu)榻樵~的的典型題例典型題例例例1 將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.整理課件主變被解題步驟主變被解題步驟:1. 找賓語(yǔ)找賓語(yǔ) -即動(dòng)作的承受者即動(dòng)作的承受者They make shoes in that factory. Shoes2. 判斷賓語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)判斷賓語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù) -即即be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù).arewere3. 判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) -即即

8、be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).4. 修改謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)修改謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài) -即原句動(dòng)詞改為過(guò)去分詞即原句動(dòng)詞改為過(guò)去分詞 made5. 修改原句的主語(yǔ)修改原句的主語(yǔ) -即即by+ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ). by them.整理課件 Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom. Tom broke the windows. The windows were broken by Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him. 整理課件1.They make shoes in that factor

9、y.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)）+am/is /are(not) +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞整理課件整理課件整理課件A computer is used in our class every day. computer, use, class整理課件2. They bought ten computers last year Ten computers were bought (by them) last year.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：S+was/were(not) +

10、過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞整理課件整理課件 bank, rob yesterdayman-made satellite, send up, space, last yearA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The bank was robbed yesterday.整理課件3Amy can take good care of the cat The cat can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+過(guò)去過(guò)去分詞分詞整理課件

11、整理課件整理課件“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .整理課件4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：S+ will+ (not) be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞整理課件整理課件send to, hospital, right now a talk, give , soonThey will be sent to the hospital right now.A talk will

12、be given soon.整理課件_ this house_(sell) by the King?The little girl is so prettythat she _(admire) by all people when she grows up. 整理課件The streets_(light) by electricity. I _(not invite)to tomorrows wedding. 整理課件will not be done 否定結(jié)構(gòu)否定結(jié)構(gòu)Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom. allow整理課件smoki

13、ngstadiumallowSmoking will not be allowed in the stadium.整理課件Rewrite the letter in future Passive Voicewill ( not) be done整理課件The Olympic Game will be held in London.Many things _(do) for the Game. 30 billion yuan _on the projects. An Olympic Village_for the athletes and some hotels_for the visitors

14、 to stay in. The roads _(make) wider and better and trees and flowers _along the roads. The new Stadiums will be completed (complete) before 2012. Many volunteers_ (train) for the game. will be donewill be spentwill be builtwill be builtwill be madewill be plantedwill be trained整理課件Many policemen _(send) keep order. During the 2012 Olympic Game, the best athletes _(choose) to compete and they _(encourage) to do their best.will be sentwill be chosenwill be encouraged整理課件dirty river 整理課件polluted air (受污染的受污染的) 整理課件crowded hospital(擁擠的）擁擠的）整理課件 too many cars整理課件traffic jams (塞車(chē)）塞車(chē)）整理課件crowded