非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞難點(diǎn)練習(xí)

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞難點(diǎn)練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1. （北京）The national park has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies toelephants.A rangingB rangeC to rangeD ranged【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：國(guó)家公園有許多的野生動(dòng)物，包括從蝴蝶到大象等等。此處野生動(dòng)物和range 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選A。考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。名師點(diǎn)睛現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別：在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義；在時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作往往正在進(jìn)行或者與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)

2、發(fā)生，過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或沒(méi)有一定的時(shí)間性。如：falling leaves正在下落的樹葉fallen leaves已經(jīng)落在地上的樹葉分詞的作用作定語(yǔ) 單個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)，分詞前置。如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，分詞后置；分詞修飾不定代詞something 等要后置；個(gè)別分詞如give，left 等作定語(yǔ)也后置。如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year

3、 is our library.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)與其修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。如：Most ofthe people invited to the party were famous scientists作狀語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞在句中可以作時(shí)間、原因、方式、伴隨、條件、結(jié)果等狀語(yǔ)。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didn t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attention, the trees cou

4、ld have grown better.If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.（ 條件 ）Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital（ 原因 ）.Though defeated, he didn ' t loseiheMr）.（He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. （ 伴隨 ）He came runni

5、ng to tell me the good news. （ 方式 ）注意：選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)。如分詞的動(dòng)作是由主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，分詞就用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過(guò)去分詞。試比較：(Being) Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的過(guò)程中， 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，如果不一致，就用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即在分詞前加上它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式主要用于作狀語(yǔ)，一般不用作定語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)

6、多表示主語(yǔ)具有的特征，過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)多指主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。如：The film is touching.The glass is broken.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)分詞和不定式一樣，在一些感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.作插入語(yǔ)其結(jié)構(gòu)是固定的，意思上的主語(yǔ)并不是句子的主語(yǔ)。generally speaking 般說(shuō)來(lái)talking of (speaking of)說(shuō)至 Ustrictly speaking 嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)judging from 從判

7、斷all things considered 從整體來(lái)看taking all things into consideration 全面看來(lái)。如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.總的來(lái)說(shuō)， 狗比豬跑得快。2. Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty him up.A. wake B. wakenC. to wake D. waking【答案】D【解析】一旦他睡著了，我叫醒他就

8、有很大的困難。have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困難，選Do3. 115. his love, Chris sent his mom a thank- you note on Mother ' s Day.A. Expressing B. Expressed C To express D Having expressed【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：為了表達(dá)他的愛(ài)，克里斯在母親節(jié)那天給他的媽媽寄了一條感謝信。用不定式表目的，故選Co4. to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may inf

9、luence genes in human bodies.A. Having exposedB. Being exposedC. To exposeD. Exposed【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：暴露于核輻射中甚至很短時(shí)間都會(huì)影響人體的基因。分析句子成分發(fā) 現(xiàn)even for a short time是插入語(yǔ)，may influence是謂語(yǔ)，前面的部分應(yīng)該是主語(yǔ)，beexposed to暴露于"，要用動(dòng)名詞 Being exposed to。故B選項(xiàng)正確。5. After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress

10、, Anne Benedict went on _all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thankB. thankingC. having thankedD. to have thanked【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有幫助她演繹生涯的人。go on to do繼續(xù)做不同的事情，所以選Ao考點(diǎn)：考查不定式【名師點(diǎn)睛】不定式有一些具體的用法，可以做賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)。還有不定式的不同形式：to do ; to be doing ； to have done。這題要注意

11、go on to do繼續(xù)做不同的事情 ”和go on doing繼續(xù)做相同的事情”的區(qū)別。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境是關(guān)鍵。6. that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she' d like that little doll on her bed.A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。本句的主語(yǔ)是I, I與See的意義的邏輯關(guān)系是主動(dòng)，也就是Seeing才能表示主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)”的邏輯關(guān)系。7. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, so

12、me a life span of around 20 years.A. having B. had C. have D. to have【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：蝙蝠是一種壽命很長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)物，有的壽命約為20年。根據(jù)與前面句子是逗號(hào)連接，沒(méi)有連詞，故判斷后一句使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞，邏輯主語(yǔ)some與have是主謂關(guān)系，故要用 v-ing形式，故選 A。8. Wd ve had a good start, but next, more work needs to achieve the final success.A. being doneB. doC. to be

13、 doneD. to do【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：我們有一個(gè)好的開端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作得到最后的目標(biāo)。Need doing或need to be done需要被做 ，所以選 a考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞9 Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when to sunlight.A exposedB to exposeC exposingD being exposed【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本題考查短語(yǔ)be exposed to暴露與修句意：處理這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)時(shí)要小心，因?yàn)樗?/p>

14、暴露在陽(yáng)光下時(shí)會(huì)爆炸。故A 正確?？键c(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞10 He got up late and hurried to his office, the breakfast untouched.A leftB to leaveC leavingD having left【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他起晚了，沒(méi)有吃早飯就匆忙趕往辦公室。he 與 leave 是主謂關(guān)系，即他讓 處于某種狀態(tài)，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀況，排除A、B; “hurried和“l(fā)eaving兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，當(dāng)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有時(shí)間先后關(guān)系時(shí)，需要使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，排除D； leave the break

15、fast untouched 沒(méi)有動(dòng)早餐，故選C。11 You are supposed to leave your child his homework alone.A doB to doC being doneD done【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意：你應(yīng)該讓你的孩子自己做作業(yè)。該題考查leave的用法。表示 讓某人去做某事”，應(yīng)該用leave 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)leave sb. to do sth. ，沒(méi)有 leave sb. do 結(jié)構(gòu)； leavesb./sth. done意為 使得某人/物被B選項(xiàng)正確。12 John always gets up early in the

16、 morning energetic and ready to start a new day.A feel B to feelC feeling D felt【答案】C【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：John 總是一大早起床，感覺(jué)精力充沛并準(zhǔn)備開始新的一天?，F(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀態(tài)。故選C。13 the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.A To watch B WatchingC Watched D Having watched【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了更清楚的看屏幕上的圖片，他們移到了

17、前排。表示目的用不定式，故選A。14 The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without .A recognizingB being recognizedC having recognizedD having been recognized【答案】B【解析】試題分析：本題考查動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。句意：那位電影明星戴上墨鏡。所以，他去買東西不會(huì)被認(rèn)出來(lái)。根據(jù)題中的介詞without 判斷，此后應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)名詞形式，由于他是被人認(rèn)出的，所以應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，所以選B。考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法15 w

18、ith so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on timeA To faceB FacedC FaceD facing【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：面對(duì)這么多麻煩，我們不能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)?？崭裉帪闋钫Z(yǔ)，前后主語(yǔ)一致都是we ， face 的用法為，sb face sth 或者 sb be faced with sth ，根據(jù)題中的with可知，選B。16 The discovery of new evidence led to .A the thief having caughtB catch the thiefC

19、the thief being caughtD the thief to be caught【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致小偷被捕。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處to 是介詞，其需接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，此處the thief 作動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)；the thief 與 catch 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處需用動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)形式。故選C。17 China National Women's Volleyball Team made great achievements, them a symbolof the spirit of China.A to makeB

20、having madeC madeD making【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：中國(guó)國(guó)家女排取得巨大成就，使得他們成為了中國(guó)精神的象征。根據(jù)句意，_ them a symbol of the spirit of China 是理所當(dāng)然的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示理所當(dāng)然的結(jié)果，且“ make them a symbol of the spirit of China 這一動(dòng)作不先于 ”“ made greatachievements 這一動(dòng)作，故不用完成時(shí)。故選 ”D?！军c(diǎn)睛】當(dāng)分詞做狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，如果構(gòu)成分詞的動(dòng)詞與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，就使用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)；當(dāng)二者構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使

21、用過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)。如果分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，就使用分詞的完成式。如果分詞與句子的主語(yǔ)沒(méi)有關(guān)系，可以使用狀語(yǔ)從句或者獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。18 The boy was last seen near the bank of the lake.A missing; playingB missing; playC missed; playedD missed; to play【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那個(gè)失蹤的男孩最后被看見(jiàn)時(shí)正在湖邊玩。missing 是形容詞，作boy 的定語(yǔ)，意思是“失蹤的 ”。 was last seen playing 表示被看見(jiàn)時(shí)正在玩，play 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行，用現(xiàn)在分詞。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。19 （北京）over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A OrderingB To orderC Having orderedD Ordered【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：（因?yàn)椋┠切且恢芏嘀坝喌?，現(xiàn)在隨時(shí)有