高中英語(yǔ)人教版選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)盤點(diǎn)Unit3

1、高中英語(yǔ)人教版選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)盤點(diǎn)Unit3 Under the seaI.?？紗卧~必背1. annual adj.每年的；年度的 n.年刊；年鑒Our schools annual sports day took place yesterday in 30 degree heOt天，學(xué)校一年 一度的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)在30度的高溫下舉行了。2. witness vt.目擊；當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到n.目擊者；證人替某人作證是的目擊者為某事作證作證；證明某事【習(xí)慣搭配】give witness on behalf of sb.be a witness to .witness to sth./doing sth.bear/gi

2、ve witness to sth.The driving we have witnessed was beyond belie戰(zhàn)們親眼 目 睹的駕車場(chǎng)面令 人難以置信。We were witness to the worst excesses of the military.我們目擊了最惡劣的軍隊(duì)暴行。3. opposite adj.（無比較級(jí)）對(duì)面的;相對(duì)的（截然）相反的;對(duì)立的 n. C 反義詞；對(duì)立面prep.在的對(duì)面We have opposite views on politics我們的政治觀點(diǎn)不同。She observed a man walking on the opposit

3、e side of the way. 注意到一個(gè)人在路的 對(duì)面走著。4. pause n. C中止；停頓；暫停 vi.中止；停頓；暫停She talked for an hour and a half without pause連續(xù)說了一個(gè)半小時(shí)，中間沒有 停歇。After you introduce the topic, pause to hear what your partner says.你弓I入了這個(gè) 話題后，停下來聽聽你的伙伴怎么說。5. flee（fled , fled） vt.逃離；逃避 vi.逃走；逃避 Many of the people have fled to the

4、mountains to escape the floodS. 多人為躲避洪 水都逃到了山上。The smile fled from his face他臉上的笑容傾刻時(shí)消失了。6. drag vt拖拽；吃力地往前拉vi.落后；緩慢前進(jìn) n.拖，拉；累贅【習(xí)慣搭配】drag behind落在后面drag in扯進(jìn)來drag sb. down使某人沮喪drag on拖延We all have a good laugh so the time never drag豉們經(jīng)常笑得很開心，所以時(shí)間 過得快。She dragged herself out of bed still half asleep.她

5、掙扎著起了床,還是睡眼惺松。Her skirt dragged on the floor.她的裙子拖在地上。Joes been ill for weeks now its really dragging him down.喬已經(jīng)病了幾個(gè)星期了，這使他很沮喪?！疽谆毂嫖觥縟rag/draw/pulldrag表示費(fèi)力，緩慢而艱難地拉、拖”較重的物體。draw表示從容地 拉、拖”。pull表示突然、急速地 拉”，方式不限。We dragged the fallen tree from the road.我們把倒在路上的樹拖到一邊。Draw your chair up to the table.把你的

6、椅子拉到桌子旁邊來。Five monkeys pull the elephant.五只猴子在拉大象。7. urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策【習(xí)慣搭配】urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth.力勸某人某事；催促某人某事urge sb. to do sth.激勵(lì)某人做某事；慫恿某人做某事urge that .主張(用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)They urged me to eat (into eating) the strange foo她們慫恿我吃那種奇怪的食物。He urged that we (should) take such steps.極力主張我們采取這些措施。8. a

7、bandon vt.放棄；遺棄 n. U放任；狂放【習(xí)慣搭配】with abandon 放肆地abandon oneself to(to為介詞) 沉溺于；縱t青同義短語(yǔ)：apply oneself to, devote oneself tq resign oneself to等。Dont abandon yourself to despair不要自暴 自棄。She abandoned herself to grief.她陷入悲痛之中，無法自拔。They drank and smoked with reckless abandon.他們縱情地喝酒抽煙，毫無顧忌?！疽谆毂嫖觥縜bandon/des

8、ert/give upabandon強(qiáng)調(diào)永遠(yuǎn)或完全放棄人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。desert著重指違背法律責(zé)任和義務(wù)或自己的信仰與誓言的行為，多含非難的意味。give up普通用語(yǔ)，側(cè)重指沒有希望，或因?yàn)橥饨鐗毫Χ艞?。The match was abandoned because of bad weather.比賽因惡劣的天氣而取消。Never desert your friends. 永不遺棄朋友。He persuaded me to give up my plan.在他的勸說下，我放棄了那個(gè)計(jì)劃。9. target n.目標(biāo)；靶子；受批評(píng)的對(duì)象I aimed the gu

9、n carefully at the targe或小心地用槍瞄準(zhǔn)了 目標(biāo)。10. sharp adj.鋒利的；尖的 敏銳的；機(jī)警的 尖刻的；嚴(yán)厲的習(xí)慣搭配keep a sharp eye on sb密切注意某人Keep a sharp eye on the kids at all time!你要一直睜大眼睛看好這些孩子！Mary, who has sharp eyes can see through others.瑪麗,目光敏銳, 能看透另人。11. aware adj.意識(shí)到的；知道的意識(shí)到某事知道；意識(shí)到提醒某人注意讓某人注意到【習(xí)慣搭配】be/ become aware of sth.b

10、e aware that-clausemake sb.aware that-clausemake sb.aware of .He wasn t aware of the danger.他沒有意識(shí)至U危險(xiǎn)。Is she aware that I m coming?我要來嗎 ？聯(lián)想拓展unaware adj.不察覺的；不知道的 awareness n.知道； 意識(shí)溫馨提示aware后跟名詞性從句時(shí)，一般在從句前不能用of,但在what從句前必須用 of。12. reflect vi. 思考vt.映射；反射；思考【習(xí)慣搭配】reflect on/upon/over仔細(xì)想，考慮，反省 reflect

11、that 思考Can you see the trees reflected in the window?你能看到映到窗上的樹影嗎？He had time to reflect on his successes and failures.他有時(shí)間反思他的成功和失敗。Tom reflected that he had never seen Jack so happy.湯姆說他從未見過杰克這么高興。n.高頻短語(yǔ)必會(huì)1. . help()out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危險(xiǎn)cannot help doing sth 禁不住做某事2. be/become aware of對(duì)知道、明白；意識(shí)至U3. ups

12、ide down上下翻轉(zhuǎn)4. (be)scared to death 嚇?biāo)懒薽.寫作句式必學(xué)句式1 ： It was/is a time when曾經(jīng)一段時(shí)間(那時(shí))原旬：It was a time when the killer whales, or“killers “ as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那個(gè)時(shí)期，虎鯨一當(dāng)時(shí)被稱為“殺手”，幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時(shí)捕捉它們。說明：該句中含有一個(gè) when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，

13、修飾time。其中or “killers” asthey were then called是 the killer whales 的同位語(yǔ),as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾 “killers”。而the baleen whale雙由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行修飾。It was/is a time when曾經(jīng)、那時(shí)候/現(xiàn)在,句型There was a time when也表示“曾經(jīng)”。It was a time when many young people went to the countryside to get some training.那是一個(gè)很多年輕人到農(nóng)村去鍛煉的時(shí)代。句式 2： see s

14、b doing sth看見某人正在干某事原句： We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.我們及時(shí)趕到案邊，看到我們對(duì)面一個(gè)龐大的動(dòng)物猛力躍出水面，然后又墜落到水里。說明：感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, notice, discover, hear, sme睜可跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓 語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞ing 與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。I saw him runn

15、ing across the street when I walked past the shop.昨天我路過商店時(shí)看見他正橫穿馬路。句式 3： with+ 賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)I m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic!我坐在溫暖的夜空下，手里拿著一瓶冷飲，回憶著當(dāng)天的事情 這可是奇妙至及的一天。說明：“with+l語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨，原因等。The teacher came in with a thi

16、ck book in her hand.老師走了進(jìn)來，手里拿著一本厚厚的書。With a local villager leading the way, we found his house easily.有當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駧?，我們很容易就找到了他家。句?4： be about to do sth. 正要做某事原句： This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.這是宣布捕鯨行動(dòng)馬上就要開始的呼聲。說明：be about to do st昧示即將做某事，一般不加時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。She was about to wa

17、tch TV when the electricity was cut off.她剛要看電視，這時(shí)停電了。句式 5: where., there be . 在地方，有原句： The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很淺，但到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個(gè)陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。說明：where., there be .在地方，有,where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。As the saying goes, where there is a

18、 will, there is a way.常言道，有志者事竟成。同步?？贾R(shí)點(diǎn)練習(xí)I .單句語(yǔ)法填空1. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharplysharp),“ Dont beso mean, pointing a finger of warning at her.2. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation(accommodate) for the homeles

19、s families.3. It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner*the meanwhile, Ill set the table.4. Butterflies feed on a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.5. Their sudden attack made us more aware _of_ the danger around us.6. The girl

20、was a witness_to the accident and said the driver appeared to be drunk.7. He yelled at her to be careful while crossing the busy road.8. Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully, the company should reflect on/upon its original marketing methods.9. With a large amount of work remaining

21、(remain) to be done, the chief couldnt spare time for a holiday.10. As the proverb goes, where the money is there is the power.n.完成句子1 . My best friend helped me out鄙我擺月兌了 困境)when I lost my job and becamehomeless.2 .It was not until after graduation that he decided to throw himself into teaching_全 身

22、心投入到教育事業(yè)之中).3 . The man anxiously urged the driver to drive fasterjt促司機(jī)開快點(diǎn)兒 )so that he could catch the last flight.4 . The thief was scared to death#死)at the thought of being discovered and shot, so he handed himself to the police last Tuesday.5 .當(dāng)我們因?yàn)槿卞X而關(guān)門停業(yè)時(shí)，銀行挽救了我們。When we were about to close do

23、wn the business because of the lack of money, the bank came to our rescue.6 .這位母親被控拋棄了自己的嬰兒。The mother was accused of abandoning her own baby.7 .讀小學(xué)的時(shí)候，我經(jīng)常害怕被叫去做家務(wù)。When I was in primary school, I used to fear being asked to do housework_.8 .這種漁網(wǎng)不僅會(huì)把魚給網(wǎng)住，還會(huì)將其它的海洋動(dòng)物一并抓住，而這些動(dòng)物通常因?yàn)闆]人買而被扔掉。(not onlybut a

24、lso)This kind of fishing net no only catches the target fish but also many other sea animals, which would be thrown away because they are not needed for marketing.9 .海洋資源是如此的重要，我們必須采取措施去保護(hù)它們。(so.that)The marine resources are so important that we should take some measures to protect them.10 .在各種各樣的海洋

25、動(dòng)物里，我覺得海豚是最可愛最聰明的。Among all kinds of sea animals in the sea I regard the dolphin as the most lovely and smartest one.m.單句改錯(cuò)1. In the exams, beautiful and neatly handwriting is beneficial to us students. neatly fneat2. Knowing that the little girl didnt come to school, I cant help wonder what happene

26、d to her.wonderfwondering3. Judging from the furniture in the room, the building has abandoned for a number of years.has后力口 been4. He said that the manager had already been aware the problem. aware 后力口 of5. When I first saw a real snake, I was scared to dead. deadfdeath6. His image seemed to be refl

27、ected many times on the mirror. onfin7. The manager urged that a meeting must be held to discuss how to improve our work.mustfshould或去掉 must8. A truck came in an opposite direction of the car, so the car driver made a sharply turn._sharply f shafpIV .語(yǔ)篇填空Im sitting in the warm night air with a cold

28、drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic! I went snorkeling on the reef offshore this morning and2) jtwas the most fantastic thing I have ever doneSeeing(see) such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. It was like discovering a whole new dimension of life

29、. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding(surround) me purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.The corals were fantastic-they were shaped like fans, plates, brains, lace, mushrooms, the branches of trees and the horns of deer. And all kinds of small, neat an

30、d elegant fish were swimming (swim) in and around the corals.The fish didnt seem to mind me swimming among them. I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed. And I also loved the small fish that clean the bodies of lager(large) fishI even saw them get

31、 inside their mouths and clean their teeth!V .話題寫作用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成下列句子，并按照邏輯連成短文。1 .我的導(dǎo)盲犬小聰聰經(jīng)常救我于危難之中。遇到危急情況它從不逃脫。My guide dog Smart often helps me out. He never flees away in face of emergency.2 . 一大，我們正過馬路，突然，我還沒反應(yīng)過來，它停下來把我拉了回來。One day, we were crossing the street when Smart paused and dragged me back b

32、efore I was aware of it.3 .我聽到一輛車呼嘯而過。每個(gè)目睹的人都嚇得要死。I heard a car whistling by. Everyone who witnessed this was scared to death.4 .我非常感激他沒有拋棄我。I was very thankful that he didnt abandon me.組篇公式：句3改為which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。答案： My guide dog Smart often helps me out, and in face of emergency, he never flees away

33、. One day, we were crossing the street when Smart paused and dragged me back before I was aware of it. Then I heard a car whistling by, which made everyone who witnessed this be scared to death. I was very thankful that he didnt abandon me.語(yǔ)法：-ing形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)V-ing形式的各種時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一M式v-ingbeing done完成

34、式having donehaving been done1 .動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式：1）動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式有兩種：being +過去分詞；having been +過去分詞。例如:a）每個(gè)人都喜歡得到贊美。Everybody likes being praisedb）我記得曾經(jīng)聽過這故事。I rememberedhaving been told the story.2）在need/want/require儒要）和be worth （值得）等詞后面，動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表 示被動(dòng)意義。例如：a）這件事需要調(diào)查。The matter requireslooking into.=The matter requir

35、es to be looked into.b） 這本書值得一讀。 The book is worth reading. = The book is worthy of being read.2 .現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式1）現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式也有兩種：being +過去分詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)事情正在發(fā)生）； having + been +過去分詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，不作定語(yǔ)）。例如：a）她正接受提問，感到有點(diǎn)兒緊張。Being asked to answer the question, she felt a little nervous.b）這么好的機(jī)會(huì)給了你，你怎么能一點(diǎn)也不珍惜呢？Having been giv

36、ensuch a good chance, how could you not value it at all?2）作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，“beingt+去分詞”表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；done表示一般過去或已經(jīng) 完成的動(dòng)作；to be done表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：a）正在建造的房屋，完工后將用作我們的圖書館。The housebeing built will be our library upon its completion.b）所使用的教材都是時(shí)新的。The textbooksusedare all up-to-date.c）你打算參加下月召開的會(huì)議嗎？Are you going to attend

37、 the meetingto be held next month?注意：V-ing表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或在其后發(fā)生，或表示一般情況.being done表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)(有時(shí)之后)發(fā)生, 或表示一般情況。而having done表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。如：I am thinking of getting (get) a new dictionary.I approved of his taking (take) part in the project.I enjoy listening(listen) to classical music

38、.現(xiàn)在修建的發(fā)電站將是埃及最大的發(fā)電站之一。The power stationbeing built now will be one of the largest in Egypt.她堅(jiān)持被派給最苦的工作。She insisted onbeing given (give) the hardest task.他們遺憾沒能把實(shí)情告訴你們。They regret not being (be) able to inform you of the fact.被邀請(qǐng)后，李先生去參加了會(huì)議。Having been invited(invite), Mr. Li went to attend the meet

39、ing.我很感激兩年前被給予了去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。I appreciatehaving been given(give) the chance to study abroad two years ago.V-ing的被動(dòng)式在句中可以作：1)主語(yǔ)Being laughed(laugh) at in public is a terrible experience.Being killed (kill) by sharks was a common thing.s skinBeing exposed(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm

40、to one2)賓語(yǔ)I could see he was terrified ofbeing abandoned(abandon) by us.Do you rememberhaving been taken(take) to Beijing at the age of ten?The little girl was eventually aware of having been abandoned (abandon) by her parents in the mountainous village.=The little girl was eventually aware that her

41、 parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.He wouldn t come withoueing invited(invite).注意：下面短語(yǔ)中的to是介詞，后面只能跟名詞或V-ing：devote - to投入 ), get down to 密手干),lead to (通向，導(dǎo)致)，object to (反對(duì))，pay attention to (主意)，look forward to (盼望),be used to 曰慣于),stick to (堅(jiān)持),prefer tcoadmit (承認(rèn))，appreciate, avoid,

42、 can禁不 help (stand除受)，consider (# 慮，打算),enjoy, escape 6朵避),excuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss (錯(cuò) 過)，practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest:議)等后接 v-ing。No one can prevent the plan frombeing carried (carry) out.The bird was lucky that it just missedbeing caught(catch).He has

43、always insisted on hisDeing called (call) Dr. Tuner instead of Mr. Turner. While shopping, people sometimes canbein helprsuadec(persuade) into buyingsomething they don t really need.3)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)I saw Jamesbeing held (hold) up in the water by old Tom.The well was found being dug (dig) when we got there.I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.=I noticed some peoplebeing taken (take) to the police station.4)定語(yǔ)The meetingbeing held (hold) now is very important. 但having been done不能作定語(yǔ)，而只能作狀語(yǔ)。正在被建在公園旁邊的賓館是由一群年輕人建的。The hotel being built (build) now beside the park was design