形容詞的比較級和最高級

1、形容詞的比較級和最高級英語中的形容詞通常用三種形式來表達(dá)事物的等級差別，分別是原級、比較級和最高級。大 部分形容詞的比較級和最高級是通過變化詞尾來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則變 化。英語中有些形容詞說明形狀、材質(zhì)等，還有形容詞沒有程度可分或其本身就表示某種程度， 故而沒有比較級和最高級。常見的有：excelle nt 最好的first 第一的impossible 不可能的 square 方的final 最后的 east東方的favourite 最喜歡的一、比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化（1）單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞變化規(guī)則如下：1）單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er （比較級），-est （最

2、高級）例】 原級比較級最高級greatgreatergreatestsmallsmallersmallestcleancleanercleanest2）單音節(jié)如以 e 結(jié)尾，只加-r （比較級），-st （最高級）例】 finefinerfinestnicenicernicestwidewiderwidest3）以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，須先雙寫這個輔音字母，再5）以-er， ow，-ble 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加 -er （比較級），-est （最高級） 【例】happyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestfu

3、nnyfunnierfunniest4）以“輔音字母+y ”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，將 y 變?yōu)?i，高級） 例】right 正確的wrong 錯誤的last 最后的possible 可能的empty 空的woode n 木制的rou nd 圓的golde n 金色的加-er（比較級），【例】bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestfatfatterfattest加-er（比較級），-est（最-est（最高級）clevercleverercleverest（注意：A :有詞根加 ly 構(gòu)成的形容詞，在詞前加more （比較級），most （最高級）女口 friendly-fr

4、iend+ly 構(gòu)成,friendlymore friendlymost friendly ；B :以形容前綴 un 構(gòu)成的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況，如un happy-un happier-un happiest,un tidy-un tidier-un tidiest ）2.不規(guī)則變化形容詞的不規(guī)則變化如下:原級比較級最咼級good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/ma nymoremostfarfarther 更遠(yuǎn)的（只指距離）further 更遠(yuǎn)的（指距離）； 更深入的（指程度）farthest; fur

5、thestoldolder 較老的，較舊的；長輩 的（指年齡、 新舊、 血緣） ；elder長輩的（只指血緣）oldest; eldest二、比較級的用法（1）高于或低于另一方的比較運(yùn)用“比較級+than ”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)一方超過或低于另一方的情況。 即：物體 A + am /are / is + 形比 + than + 物體 B.She is more beautiful than my sister.她比我的姐姐漂亮。This bottle is bigger than that o ne.這瓶子比那瓶子大。（2）比較級+and+比較級這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長，意為“越來越.”。

6、She is beco ming fatter and fatter.她變得越來越胖。It is gett ing warmer and warmer.天氣變得越來越暖和。n arrown arrowerableabler（2）其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加 【例】tiredin terest ing difficultnarrowestmoremore tired morein terest ingmore difficult（比較級） ， most（最高級）most tiredmost in terest ingmost difficult三、最高級的用法1.表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高

7、 最高級是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比較形式。此時應(yīng)運(yùn)用形容詞的最 高級，其句式為：the+形容詞最高級+ （名詞）+表示范圍的短語或從句，即：物體 A + am / are / is + the+ 形最高級 +（名詞） +比較范圍 （of +人/物， in +地方）Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.露西是她學(xué)校最漂亮的女孩。Jim is the thinnest of the three boys.吉姆是這三個男孩中最瘦的。2.“最”的其他表達(dá)方法。（ 1）運(yùn)用比較級表達(dá)最高級的概念。Ann is taller than any

8、other girl in her class.Ann is taller than the other girls in her class.Ann is taller than the rest of girls in her class. 以上三句表達(dá)的意思等同于最高級的含義：Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class. 安是她們班上最高的女生。四、比較級和最高級的修飾語1.比較級的修飾語修飾比較級的常用語和短語主要有：much（.得多） ,a lot （.得多）, a little （ .一點(diǎn)） , a bit （.一點(diǎn)）, twice（

9、.兩倍） , five times（ .五倍）等。Do you feel much better today than yesterday? 你今天感覺比昨天好很多了嗎？2.最高級的修飾語常用的最高級的修飾語有序數(shù)詞 the first，the seco nd 等以及 almost（差不多，幾 乎） ,nearly （差不多，幾乎）。Africa is the second largest continent. 非洲是第二大洲。Amys writing is almost the best of all the students. 在所有學(xué)生中，艾米的書寫幾乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情況1.使

10、用比較級時常見的錯誤（ 1）more 不可修飾比較級，但是 much 可以用來加強(qiáng)比較級，意為“ .的多”、“更.”。She looks more younger than I.（巧She looks much youn ger tha n I. （vj） （2）比較的對象或范圍出現(xiàn)錯誤。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.（齊（比較的對象應(yīng)該是北京的天氣，而不是北京）The weather of Sha nghai is hotter tha n that of Beiji ng.紡上海的天氣比北京的熱。Chi na is large

11、r than any cou ntry in Asia.（）（出現(xiàn)了邏輯上的錯誤，中國就是亞洲 的一個國家，應(yīng)當(dāng)排除在外 ）China is larger than any other country in Asia. （vj） 中國比亞洲別的國家要大。2.形容詞最高級前通常要加定冠詞the,而以下幾種情況一般不需要加定冠詞the:（1）形容詞最高級前有序數(shù)詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格等限定詞修 飾時最高級前不用 the。如：The Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in China 黃河是中國第二長河。（2）形容詞最高級在句中作表語而

12、比較范圍又不明確時，最高級前不用 the。如:They are happiest on Saturday 他 們在星期六最快樂。（ 3）如果兩個形容詞最高級并列修飾同一個名詞時,第二個形容詞最高級前不加the。如：He is the youn gest and tallest boy in his class.是班上年齡最小、個子最高的男孩。練習(xí)形容詞比較級和最高級（一）一、寫出下列單詞的反義詞1. hot_ 2.new_ 3. clean_ 4. high_5. heavy_ 6.cold_ 7. bad_二、寫出下列形容詞的比較級和最高級1. old_ _ 2. busy_ 3. thi

13、n_4. many_ 5. slow_6. delicious_三、用適當(dāng)形式填空：1.Bob is_ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) thanFred.2. Yin gtia n is not as_(tall) asY on gxia n.3. Almost all the stude nts faces are the same but Li Demi ng looks_(fat) tha nbefore .4. Which is_ (heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How _ (tall) is Sally?-She

14、s 1.55 metres_ (tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She s only 1.40 metres_ (tall). She is much_(short) than Sally. Sheis also the_ (short)girl in the class.6. He is_ (bad) at lear ning maths. He is much_(bad) at Chin ese and heis the _(bad) at En glish.7. Ann ie says Sally is the_(kind) pers on in the wor

15、ld.8. He is one of the_ (frien dly) people in the class, I thi nk.9. A dictio nary is much_(expe nsive) tha n a story-book.10. An orange ia a little_ (big) tha n an apple, but much_ (small) tha na watermelo n.11. Miss Chen is_than Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. Lin_ Mr. Brow n. (sad)13. The basketball _

16、 _ _ the baseball. (big)14. Question A _ _ _ _ Question B. (important)15. A rose_ a wedS(草).(beautiful)16. Toronto is _ _ city in Canada. (large)17. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting).18. The Nile(尼羅河)is_river in the world. (long)19. Good health is _ _ _ thing life. (

17、important)20. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 is _ _ _of all the tests. ( difficult )22. He is_ than any other boy in the class(. clever)23. She is_ than all the other students. (young)24. The window is _ _ of the two. (narrow)25. Where is the _bus-stop? (near)26. He

18、 is one of _ _ _ Po l i t ic i a n s . (famous)27. Tom drives much _ _ than John. (careful)28. The white flower is _ (beautiful). The yellow flower is _ _(beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _ _ of the three.四、 選擇題1. She is _ _ than _ .A. busier / usB. busier / weC. more busy / us

19、 D. more busy / we2.Jane is _ _ than Betty.A. less tallerB. less tallestC. less tall D. not as tall3. China is _ _ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which is _ season in Beijing?-I think its autumn.A.goodB.better C.bestD.the best5

20、- Which is_ , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of course, the moon is.6._ The air in Beijing is getting muchnow thana few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest8I study

21、English as_ as my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest9. Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer?A. expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive10. The Yellow River is one of _ rivers in China.A long B longer C the longest11.She is the second _student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. talles形容詞比較級和最高

22、級(二) 一、用括號里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tom can jump _(high). He jumps _ (high) than the other boys inhis class.2. Janet sing _ (well) in her class. She can sing _(well) than her musicteacher, too.3. My father is _(handsome). But my brother is _ (handsome) than him.He is _(handsome) in my family.4. I have _(many) b

23、ooks in my class. But my teacher has _ (many) booksthan _ (I).5._(they) house is much _(old) than _ (we).6._ (she) dances _ (well) than _ (he).7._ (he) house are _ (small) of the four.8. Does _ (she) mother get up _(early) than _ (you)?9. Which eats _(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?10. Are _

24、 (we) going to play football with _(they)?long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級形式：heavy_ slow _ _ few_ _far_ happy_ u n h a p py_ _三.用所給詞的正確形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).2. Gold(黃金)is_(little) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two

25、 years _ (old ) than I.4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by far _expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _(interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John

26、, but Marysings_(well) in her class.9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house.10. This dress is_ that.(twice, asas,expensive)四. 選擇填空：1 He feels _ today than yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _ , coffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the wo

27、rse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose_.A. the expensive one B. one most expensiveC. a least expensiveD. the most expensive of them4. The line is _ than that one.A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer5. The earth is _ the moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times

28、as bigger asC. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times6. The book is _ of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest7. She looks _ than she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older8. The garden is becoming _.A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful

29、and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They competed (比賽)to see who could work_.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the betterC. fastest and better D. faster and better10 . _ h u rry, _ speed.A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much,

30、the little五. 翻譯句子：1 本書跟那本書一樣有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one.2 你游泳沒有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ _ your brother.3 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday.4 對這個故事我比另一個喜歡的多。This story is _ _ _ thanthatone.5 他比我大兩歲。 He is _ _ _ than I.6 這個故事不如那個有趣。 This story is _ _ _ than that one.7 她的身體狀況一天天好起來。 He is g

31、etting _ _ _ every day.8. 他對英語越來越感興趣。 He is becoming _ _ _ _ _English.9. 他吃的越多，人越胖。 The more he eats, the _ he gets.10. 你的問題是兩個中比較難的那個 Your question is _ of two.六、用適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred, but _ (tall) than Fred.2. Alice is not as _(tall) as Mike.3. Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before

32、 after the summer holidays.4. Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5. - How _ (tall) is Sally?- She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling?- She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. Sheis also the _ (short) girl in the class.6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is

33、much _ (bad) at Chinese andhe is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple,but much _ (small) thana

34、 watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _ (big) as my brother s.14. -How difficult is physics?-I m not sure.- Is it _ (difficult) than maths?- I don t think so.15._ - Annie plays the piano very(well).

35、- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think it s too expensive. I d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I.20._ This book is not as (interesting) as t

36、hat one.21. Your classroom is _ (wide)and _(bright) than ours.22. Practise as _ (much) as you can.23. The _ (much), the _ (good).24. Nowadays(現(xiàn)在)English is_( important ) than any other subject, Ithink.25. Most of the students think a lion is much _ (dangerous) than a bear and itis the_ (da ngerous) ani mal in the world.26. The apples in the other shop are_ an _ .(cheap; good)27. Many of the stars are so_away that we can t see them. (far)28. The Yangtze River is very_ (long)n fact, it s_