初中語法：賓語從句知識點講解及練習（含答案）

1、9初中賓語從句一、定義賓語從句是英語復合句中非常重要的從句之一，也是初中階段要求重點掌握的從句。賓語從句屬于名詞性從句，是用一個句子做另一個句子的賓語。賓語從句一般做介詞或及物動詞的賓語，如：We all expect that they will win.我們所有人都盼著他們能贏。（動賓）We are talking about whether we should keep the money.我們正在討論是否應該收下這筆錢。（介賓）二、賓語從句的連接詞賓語從句的引導詞很多樣，基本涵蓋了從句中涉及的所有引導詞，可分為從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞，用法如下表：連接詞連接詞的作用例句that本身

2、無意義，只起連接作用，在口語中可省略。He said （that） Kate was good at swimming.他說凱特擅長游泳。if/whether賓語從句中意思都是“是否”，不作成分，但不能省略。He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher.他問我高小姐是不是一位老師。what, which,who, whose,whom等連接代詞在從句中作一定成分，可作主語，賓語，表語，定語等I dont know what they are going to do.我不知道他們打算干什么。He wanted to know whose box it was.他想知

3、道這個箱子是誰的。when, where,why, how等連接副詞在從句中作狀語，如時間狀語，地點狀語，原因狀語等。Could you tell me where you are?.你能告訴我你在哪里嗎？People never know how he did that.人們從來也不知道他是如何做到的。三、賓語從句的時態(tài)1. 若主句是現(xiàn)在時的某種時態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），賓語從句不受限制，可以根據(jù)實際情況隨意穿越，如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我記得他昨天給了我一本書。He has told me that he will

4、 leave for Shanghai next week.他已經(jīng)告訴我下周他就要動身去上海了。2. 若主句是過去時的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時），那么賓語從句一般要用過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時），如：I only knew he was studying in a western country.我只知道他當時在西方的一個國家讀書。My teacher told me that Mrs. Rosemary had been back to Australia already.我的老師告訴我，Rosemary夫人已經(jīng)回澳大利亞了。He told

5、 me that he would take part in the high jump.他告訴我他將會參加跳高。3. 若從句是一個客觀真理,那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，不根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)而變化，如：He told me that the earth goes around the sun.（真理）他告訴我地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him.（事實）他說姚明比他高很多。四、賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序要用陳述語序，尤其疑問詞作連接詞的句子要格外注意，因為讀起來與正常疑問句不同，容易出錯，陳述語序即主語+謂語的順序，如：Whats

6、Kates e-mail address ? Do you know ?= Do you know what Kates e-mail address is ?你知道凱特的電子郵件地址嗎？五、賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, consider等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱時，從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.I dont think he will come to my party. ()I think he wont come to my party. ()我認為他不會來我的舞會.I dont believe t

7、hat man is killed by Jim, is he? 我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?六、賓語從句的簡化1. 當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句謂語動詞為hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等詞時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，如：I hope that I can receive your e-mail. = I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的電子郵件2. 當賓語從句主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know, remember, forget, learn等，從句有疑問詞引導時，從句可簡化為“疑

8、問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，如：She doesnt know what she should do next.=She doesnt know what to do next.她不知道下一步該做什么。六、重難點賓語從句時初中階段重點考點，考試最后一題單選題往往涉及，考查重點主要是從賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)入手，判斷時態(tài)，還原陳述語序也就是做這種題的關(guān)鍵。七、易錯點：1. if, whether在賓語從句中的區(qū)別在賓語從句中if和whether都是“是否”的意思，但在一下情況下，只能用whether1) if和whether在作“是否”解時，介詞后一般不用if，如：They are talking abo

9、ut whether she will come tonight.他們正在討論今晚她會不會來。2) whether后可以加or not，但是if不可以，如：They dont know whether she will come or not.他們不知道她會不會來。3) 在不定式前只能用whether，如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。4) 避免歧異時，我們常用whether而不用if，如：They are wondering if she can come. ()They are wondering whether she can come

10、. ()注：if只有在賓從中才作“是否”理解，在常見的條件狀語從句中翻譯為“如果”，如：If I pass the exam, I will get a present from my mom.如果通過考試，我將從媽媽那里得到個禮物。2. 賓語從句中不可省略的thatthat引導賓語從句沒有意思，大多時候可以省略，但若多個賓語從句并列時，第一個that可省略，其余連詞后的that必須要在，以表示與前一句賓語從句并列，否則會出現(xiàn)歧義，如：He admits (that) there are some problems in this software and that it will take

11、a while to solve them. 他承認軟件有問題，同時承認解決問題需要一些時間。3. doubt引導賓語從句1） 如果主句是肯定句，則賓語從句用ifwhether引導 I doubt ifwhether he is a student.2） 如果主句是否定句疑問句，則賓語從句引導詞只能用that I dont doubt that he is a student.隨堂練習（一）關(guān)系詞選擇1、Tom asked my friend _.A.where was he from B.that the earth is bigger than the moonC.When did he

12、come back D.Why not to be so angry【答案】 B【解析】 考查賓語從句 。特殊疑問詞+陳述句語序句子，故排除ACD三項。地球比月亮大是客觀現(xiàn)實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。不受題干當中asked時態(tài)的干擾。故選B。2、 I never doubt _ this exhibition is worth _.A. whether, to visit B. that, to visit C. if, visiting D. that, visiting【答案】 D3、 I never doubt _this English dictionary is of great _ to

13、me.A. that, helpful B. if, help C. whether, helpful D, that, help【答案】 D4、 I dont know _read the information on the computer screenA. to B. what to C. how to D. to what【答案】 C5、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1). Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.(2). There will b

14、e a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.(3). Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _French.(4). Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.【答案】 1. that; travels 2.

15、 that; would be 3. whether they can speak French4. whether he had finished his【解析】 1. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇和時態(tài)。從句為陳述事實，所以用that；又從句為自然現(xiàn)象，用一般現(xiàn)在時，三單加s。2. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞和時態(tài)。主句為didnt know，那么從句一定是一個不確定的內(nèi)容，又根據(jù)提示，從句完整，所以用whether；又從句時態(tài)要和主句保持一致，用過去將來時。3. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞和時態(tài)語序。主句為want to know，那么從句一定是一個不確定的內(nèi)容，又根據(jù)提示，從句完整，所以用whether；又

16、主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句時態(tài)隨意使用，這句問的是現(xiàn)狀，用一般現(xiàn)在時既可；最后，要用陳述語序。4. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞和時態(tài)語序。根據(jù)句意，應該是問是否完成了作業(yè)，所以用whether；又主句為過去時，那么從句對應過去完成時；語序用陳述語序。6、You can trust Frank. We never doubt _ he is honest.A. Whether B. that C. whether D. if【答案】 B7、 We all hope _ to our party tomorrow afternoon.A. Him to come B. him coming C. he comi

17、ng D. he can come【答案】 D【解析】 考查動詞的固定搭配.句意:我們都希望他明天下午會來參加我們的派對.根據(jù)題干可知本題hope后接的是一個賓語從句,省略that. 從句的主語是he,排除A、B. C形式不對.結(jié)合選項D符合題意.he can come to our party tomorrow afternoon.意為他明天下午會來參加我們的派對.8、I never doubt _.A.whether Jill has told me the truth or not B.whether has Jill told me the truthC.that Jill has t

18、old me the truth D.if Jill has told me the truth【答案】 C9、選擇恰當關(guān)系詞填空1. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）2. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）3. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if) 4. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, what)5. I dont know _ so many

19、people are looking at him. (how, why)6. Do you know _ you are studying for? (why, what)7. I really dont know _ he bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）【答案】 1. that 2. how 3. whether 4. what 5. why 6. what 7. how soon【解析】 1. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇。關(guān)系詞選擇主要看從句的成分和意思，從句時一句完整的話，且不有不確定性，所以填that。2. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇

20、。從句是完整句子，再根據(jù)句意：他總在思考他如何能夠做得更好。所以填how。3. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞區(qū)分。賓語從句中whether和if都是是否的意思，但在介詞后只能用whether，所以填whether。4. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇。從句中缺少賓語，即看到的內(nèi)容，故填what。5. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇。根據(jù)句意：我不知道為什么那么多人看著他。所以填why。6. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇。根據(jù)句意，你知道你學習是為了什么嗎？從句缺少for的賓語，即為什么而學，故填what，另外why=what for。7. 考查賓語從句關(guān)系詞選擇。根據(jù)句意：我真的不知道這座橋多久會竣工。how long就是問

21、多長時間，特指時間段，how soon則表示多久之后，所以填how soon。10、Some of my friends are interested in science, but none of them can tell _. A.when UFOs appeared next time B.that horses know the way or notC.how elephants communicate D.where was this kind of plant found【答案】 C（二）賓語從句的時態(tài)和語態(tài)1、-Could you tell me _?-By reading w

22、ord groups.A.how could become a good reader B.what could I do to read quicklyC.how I can read faster D.what I can do to read faster【答案】 C2、 It takes about three hours to drive to the airport, but nobody knows _ there will be heavy traffic on the wayLets leave earlierA. When B. why C. whether D. that

23、【答案】 C3、-Could you tell me _？-Every four yearsThe 24th will take place in China in 2022A.how long the Winter Olympic Games lastB.how long do the Winter Olympic Games lastC.how often are the Winter Olympic Games heldD.how often the Winter Olympic Games are held【答案】 D【解析】 根據(jù)Could you tell me，可知本句考查了賓語

24、從句的用法在賓語從句中所使用的語序應該是陳述句語序，選項BC是疑問句語序，排除掉再根據(jù)Every four years，可知這里詢問的是頻率4、I studied English very hard but I really dont know in the English exam.A. why I got a low mark B. why did I get a low markC. why I get a low mark D. why do I get a low mark【答案】 A5、John askedCan you care for my pet cat while Im a

25、way？（改寫句子，句意不變）John asked_ I _care for his pet cat while he was away【答案】 if/whether could【解析】 分析：約翰問：當我不在時，你能照顧我的寵物貓嗎？約翰問當他不在時是否我能照看他的寵物貓答案：if/whether could直接引語是一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句，一般現(xiàn)在時它需改為一般過去時態(tài)can改為could，引句中第二人稱改為第一人稱后面從句第一人稱要和主句人稱一致故Im該為he was故答案為if/whether could6、我認為長時間坐在電腦前對眼睛沒有好處。

26、I _ your eyes to sit too long at a computer.【答案】 dont think it is good for【解析】 考查固定句型。I dont think it is good for sth. to do sth.我認為做某事是不好的。7、Little Peter promised his mother that he _ rubbish everywhere from then on.A.wont leaveB.hasnt leftC.wouldnt leaveD.didnt leave【答案】 C8、I didnt know _.A. when

27、would the train arrive B. who left the messageC. what has been done D. where could I get the book【答案】 B9、I didnt understand _, so I asked her some questions after class.A. what my teacher says B. what my teacher saidC. what does my teacher say D. what did my teacher say【答案】 B10、-Id like to know _.-M

28、aybe in the forest.A. whether we will go camping B. where we will go campingC. whether will we go camping D. where will we go camping【答案】 B11、The teacher will come back from the UK soon. I heard it.I heard _ _ _ _ _ _ from the UK soon.【答案】 that the teacher would come back【解析】 考查賓語從關(guān)系詞和時態(tài)。從句為陳述語句，用th

29、at引導；主句為過去時，那么賓語從句用過去時的某種時態(tài)，根據(jù)語境用過去將來時。12、Which one do you like best of the three? He asked me.He asked me _ _ _ _ _ of the three.【答案】 which one I liked best【解析】 考查賓語從時態(tài)和語序。主句為過去時，那么賓語從句用過去時的某種時態(tài)，根據(jù)語境用過去時；語序用陳述語序。課后拓展1、 Whatever happens, we Chinese never doubt _ our China dream will come true someda

30、y.A. If B. that C. which D. whether 【答案】 B2、 I think that half the class_with youA. To agree B. agree C. agreeing D. agrees【答案】 B【解析】 答案：B本句為賓語從句，從句的主語為half the class，class此處作同學講，一半的同學作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，同時，根據(jù)賓語從句知識點，主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)需要可使用任何時態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，描述的是現(xiàn)在的一種客觀情況，使用一般現(xiàn)在時，故用agree，同意某人agree with sb所以本題選B3、 The poli

31、ce didnt catch him because they never doubted _ the caseA.if he has everything to do with B.whether he had something to do withC.that he had anything to do with D.that he had nothing to do with【答案】 D【解析】 句意: 警察沒有抓他, 因為他們從來沒有懷疑他與這個案子無關(guān)根據(jù)The police didnt catch him because they never doubted, 可知本句考查了賓語

32、從句的用法在賓語從句中所使用的語序應該是陳述句語序再根據(jù)The police didnt catch him, 可知這里表示的是警察沒有抓他, 因為他們從來沒有懷疑他與這個案子無關(guān), doubt后面一般跟that引導的從句, 選項C, that he had anything to do with, 意思是跟有瓜葛, 前后矛盾; that he had nothing to do with意思是與毫無關(guān)系故選D4、 After visiting the science museum, the students dont doubt _?A.how far is Mars away from t

33、he sunB.what is the transport like on MarsC.of the distance from the sun to MarsD.the life on Mars will be different from the life on the Earth【答案】 D【解析】 參觀科學博物館后, 學生們毫不懷疑火星上的生活將與地球的生活不同根據(jù) the students dont doubt 學生們毫不懷疑可知the students dont doubt 后面是跟一個賓語從句, 賓語從句中應該用陳述語序, 即主語+謂語, 所以排除A, B, 選項C不是一個句子, 故選D5、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. “These flowers are from Guangdong.” He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know.I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.【答案】 1. that;