人教版高中英語必修5重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全

1、人教版高中英語必修重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全Un it1 Great scie ntists【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. put forward 提出2. con elude 結(jié)束，結(jié)論3. draw a con clusi on 得出結(jié)論4. defeat 打敗5. atte nd 照顧，護(hù)理，出席6. expose to 使顯露7. cure 治愈，治療8. challe nge 挑戰(zhàn)9. suspect 懷疑，被懷疑者10. blame 責(zé)備11. ha ndle 柄，把手，處理，掌控12. li nk 聯(lián)系，連接13. link to將和連接14. announce 宣布15. con

2、tribute捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)16. apart from除了17. be strict with對(duì)嚴(yán)格18. make sen se 講的通，有意義19. spin 使旋轉(zhuǎn)20. reject 拒絕，拋棄【重點(diǎn)句型】1. What do you know about in fectious diseases?你對(duì)傳染性疾病了解多少 ？2. Joh n Snow was a famous doctor in London- so expert, in deed, that heatte nded Quee n Victoria as her pers onal physicia n.約翰 ？ 斯諾是

3、倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生一一他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛， 因而成為維多利亞女王的私人大夫。3. But he became in spired whe n he thought about help ing ordi nary people exposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助患了霍亂的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奮。4. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。5. He knew that cholera would n ever be con trolledun til its cause w

4、asfound.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍亂疫情是無法控制的。6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是在吃飯的時(shí)候人們把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的7. Joh n Snow suspected that the sec ond theory was correct but he n eeded evide nee.約翰 ？ 斯諾猜想第二個(gè)理論是正確的，但他需要證據(jù)。8. It seemed that the water was to blame.

5、看來要?dú)w罪于飲用水了。9. He immediately told the ast oni shed people in Broad Street to remove the han dle from the pump so that it could not be used.約翰 ？ 斯諾馬上叫寬街上驚惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，這樣水泵就用不成 了。10. In another part of London, he found supporting evidenee fromtwoother deaths that were lin ked to the Broad Street out

6、break.在倫敦的另一個(gè)地區(qū)，他從兩個(gè)與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡病例中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了 有力證據(jù)。【語法總結(jié)】過去分詞作定語和表語過去分詞作表語作表語用的過去分詞表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主謂關(guān)系；被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 ， 絕大多數(shù)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的行為執(zhí)行者還可以用 by 短語來表示。1. 過去分詞做表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的差異The store is now closed.（ 系表 ）The library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m.（被動(dòng) ）2. 某些過去分詞作表語，多半用來表示人物所處的心理狀態(tài)或情感變化 其主語主要是人。這類過去分詞通常為

7、下列過去分詞 ： delighted, devoted, discouraged ast oni shed, frighte ned,excited,in spired,en couraged, in terested,conten ted, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .二 .過去分詞作定語作定語的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語，既表被動(dòng)又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語，只表完成。1. 過去分詞用作定語，如果是單個(gè)的，置于其所修飾的名詞之前。We must adapt ou

8、r thi nking to the cha nged con diti ons.我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況。2. 過去分詞短語用作定語時(shí)，置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中。The concert give n by their frie nds was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂會(huì)大為成功3. 過去分詞短語有時(shí)也可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號(hào), welcomed the greatThe meeting ， attended by over five thousand people hero.他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會(huì)，至

9、U 會(huì)的有五千多人。Unit2 The United Kingdom【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. con sist 組成，在于，一致2. con sist of 由組成3. divide into 把分成4. break away from 脫離5. to one ' s credit在的名下，為帶來榮譽(yù)6. attract 吸引，引起注意7. leave out 省去，遺漏，不考慮8. plus 加上，和，正的9. take the place of 代替10. break dow n 損壞，破壞11. arra nge 安排12. fold 折疊，對(duì)折13. delight 快樂，高興，

10、喜悅【重點(diǎn)句型】1. How many countries does the UK consist of?聯(lián)合王國由幾個(gè)國家組成 ?2. You can easily clarify this question if you study British history.如果你學(xué)習(xí)了英國歷史，很容易就能弄清楚這個(gè)問題。3. Happily this was accomplished withoutcon flict whe n Kingof Scotla nd became King of En gla nd and Wales as well.令人高興的是，這件事沒有引起沖突就完成了，那時(shí)候蘇

11、格蘭的詹姆斯國王也成為了英格蘭和威爾士的國王。4. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own gover nment.然而，愛爾蘭的南部卻不愿意而分離出去了，并建立了自己的政府。5. To their credit the four coun tries do work together in some areas.值得表揚(yáng)的是，這四個(gè)國家的確在一些方面共同合作。6. England is the largest of the four countries, and fo

12、r convenience divided roughly into three zon es.在這四個(gè)國家中，英格蘭最大，為了方便起見，它大致被分為了三個(gè)地區(qū)。7. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your the United Kingdomenjoyable and worthwhile.如果你想要使你的英國之旅愉快又有意義，你就必須留心觀察Jamesit istrip to8. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of t

13、he sites she wan ted to see in London.由于擔(dān)心時(shí)間不夠，張萍玉早就把她想在倫敦參觀的地點(diǎn)列了一張單子。9. It looked sple ndid whe n first built.剛建成的時(shí)候，它看起來真是金碧輝煌。10. What in terested her most was the Ion gitude line.她最感興趣的是那條經(jīng)線?！菊Z法總結(jié)】過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，說明賓語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。一 .能接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有三類：女口： （認(rèn)1.表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，see,

14、 hear, feel, watch, notice； think為） ,consider, find 等。We saw the thief caught by the police.我看見小偷被警察抓住了。We thought the game lost.我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了2 .表示“致使”或“保持某狀態(tài)”意義的動(dòng)詞，女口： make, get, have, keep, leave等。Don ' t leave such an important thing undone.不要讓這么重要的事沒有人做He had his hat blow n away on his way home.在

15、回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。3 .表示“希望、要求、命令”等動(dòng)詞，如： want,wish, like, expect, order等。I want the house white-washed before we move in.我想要房子在我搬進(jìn)去之前粉刷完。He won ' t like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜歡在會(huì)上討論這樣的問題。."with +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語補(bǔ)足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)"with +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 with 通常在句中作時(shí)間，方式，條件，原因等狀語。

16、例如 ：1. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behi nd his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了 ，他的雙手被綁在月后.（表方式）2. With water heated,we氣.（表?xiàng)l件）can see the steam.水一被加熱,我們就會(huì)看到水蒸我們都回家了 . ( 表3. With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解決，原因 )Unit3 Life in the Future【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. impressi on 印象，感想2. take up 拿起，開始，繼續(xù)3.

17、 con sta nt時(shí)常發(fā)生的，連續(xù)不斷的4. previous在前的，早先的5. guide 指導(dǎo)，向?qū)?. lack 缺乏，沒有7. lose sight of 看不見8. sweep up 橫掃9. slide into 移動(dòng)，溜進(jìn)10. optimistic 樂觀的11. speed up 加速12. desert 沙漠13. i nsta nt 瞬間，片刻14. settleme nt 定居，解決【重點(diǎn)句型】1.1 have to rem ind myself con sta ntly that I am really in AD 3008.我得不斷提醒自己我真的到公元 3008

18、年了。2. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.開始的時(shí)候， 新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。had littlecollect a3. The air seemed thi n, as though its comb in ati on of gases oxyge n left.空氣似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少。4. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。5. Soon I was back on my feet again and

19、followinghim tohoveri ng carriage drive n by computer.很快我又重新振作起來，然后跟隨他領(lǐng)取了一部由電腦控制的氣墊車。6. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping whe n we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flyi ng by in all direct ions.可是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像大市場的地方時(shí)，由于太多車子朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。7. He was swept up into

20、the cen ter of them.他被卷入到這群車隊(duì)中去了。8. Arriv ing at a stra nge-look ing house, he showed me into a large, bright clea n room.到了一幢看上去很奇怪的房子里，他把握帶到一個(gè)明亮而清潔的大房間9. I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxyge n.后來我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，就是這些樹的葉子為這棟房屋提供了最急需的氧氣。【語法總結(jié)】過去分詞作狀語過去分詞短語作狀語，可表示時(shí)間，原因，條件等，可發(fā)展

21、為一個(gè)狀語從句。過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主語。過去分詞作狀語時(shí)的具體用法：1. 過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。例如：Asked (Whe n he was asked) what had happe ned, he lowered his head.當(dāng)他被問問題的時(shí)候， 他低下了頭。2. 過去分詞作原因狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。例如：Frighte ned (=Because / As she was frighte ned) by the tiger, the girl did n't dare to sleep alone.因?yàn)楹ε吕匣?， 這個(gè)女孩不敢單獨(dú)

22、睡覺。3. 過去分詞作條件狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句。例如 :Grow n (If these seeds are grow n) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。4. 過去分詞作讓步狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。例如：Left (Although he was left) at home, Joh n did n't feel afraid at all.雖然 John 被單獨(dú)留在房間里， 他一點(diǎn)都不害怕。5. 過去分詞作狀語表示伴隨動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如：The teacher en tered th

23、e classroom, (and he was) followed by a group of stude nts.老師進(jìn)入教室，后面跟著一幫學(xué)生。Un it4 Maki ng the News【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. delighted 快樂的，欣喜的2. assist 幫助，協(xié)助3. process 加工，處理，過程，程序4. concen trate on 集中，聚集5. acquire 獲得，學(xué)到6. assess 評(píng)估，評(píng)定7. i nform 通矢口8. depe nd on 依靠9. accuse of 控告10. so as to為了11. dema nd需求，要求12. ah

24、ead of 在前面13. approve許可，批準(zhǔn)【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office popular En glish n ewspaper.周陽永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他在一家知名的英語報(bào)報(bào)社第一天上班的工作任務(wù)。2. You ' ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be ableto concentrate on photography later if you' re interested.

25、你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事們會(huì)熱情地幫助你，如果你對(duì)攝影感興趣，以后你可以集中精力去鉆研。3. Not only am I in terested in photography, but I took an amateur courseat uni versity to update my skills.對(duì)攝影我不只是感興趣，在大學(xué)里我還專修過業(yè)余攝影課來更新我的技術(shù)。of athe4. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all information you need toknow.只有提很多不同的問題，你才能收集到你

26、需要的信息。5. They must use research to in form themselves of the miss ing parts of the story.他們必須通過調(diào)查研究來獲悉被遺漏的那部分情況。6. Mean while you have to prepare the n ext questi on depe nding on what the pers ons said.同時(shí)，你還要根據(jù)被采訪人所說的話準(zhǔn)備提出下一個(gè)問題。7. Have you ever had a case where some one accused your jour nalists of

27、 getti ng the wrong end of the stick?你們有沒有過這樣的情況：有人控告你的記者，說他們的報(bào)道完全失實(shí)呢？8. This is how the story goes.事情是這樣的。9. He denied tak ing money but we were sceptical.他否認(rèn)收了錢，但我們對(duì)此表示懷疑。10. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have damages if we weredema ndedwrong.這事有些為難，因?yàn)槿绻覀冨e(cuò)了，這名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員就可以向我們索要賠償。【語法總結(jié)

28、】倒裝句（點(diǎn)擊“倒裝句”即可查看全部內(nèi)容）【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. first aid 急救Un it5 First aid2. fall ill 生病3. pois on 毒藥，使中毒4. electric shock 觸電，電休克5. swell 使膨脹，隆起6. squeeze 榨，擠7. squeeze out 榨出，擠出8. over and over aga in9. in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?0. pour 倒，灌11. a number of 許多12. put one ' s hands on13. treat 治療，對(duì)待，款待14. apply 應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用，申請15. make a differe nee反復(fù)，多次找至 U區(qū)別對(duì)待，有影響，起（重要）作用【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Bur ns are called first degree,sec ond degree or third degreeburnsdepe nding on which layers of the skins are bur nt.根據(jù)皮膚