變形量測(cè)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書(shū)

1、.新建鐵路武漢至廣州客運(yùn)專(zhuān)線烏龍泉至花都段站前工程第標(biāo)段第七單元 隧道施工作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書(shū)新建鐵路武漢至廣州客運(yùn)專(zhuān)線烏龍泉至花都段第標(biāo)段變形量測(cè)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書(shū)編 制 人： 審 核 人：技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人：?jiǎn)挝回?fù)責(zé)人：中鐵五局武廣客運(yùn)專(zhuān)線XXTJIV標(biāo)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理部工程部二00六年十月 湖南郴州目 錄1、適用范圍- 2 -2監(jiān)控量測(cè)項(xiàng)目- 2 -21 必測(cè)項(xiàng)目- 2 -22 選測(cè)項(xiàng)目- 2 -3量測(cè)斷面的間距和量測(cè)頻率- 3 -31 洞內(nèi)、外觀察- 3 -3.2 隧道周邊位移量測(cè)- 4 -33 地表下沉量測(cè)- 5 -4量測(cè)的管理及人員、儀器配備- 6 -41 量測(cè)的管理- 6 -42 量測(cè)人員、儀器的配備- 6 -5

2、測(cè)點(diǎn)的埋設(shè)- 7 -6量測(cè)的方法及數(shù)據(jù)的處理- 8 -61 水平相對(duì)凈空變化量測(cè)- 8 -62 拱頂下沉量測(cè)- 11 -63 地表下沉量測(cè)- 12 -變形量測(cè)作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書(shū)1、適用范圍 “新奧法”的最大特點(diǎn)是采用與圍巖密貼噴混凝土、錨桿、鋼筋網(wǎng)等 ，并積極利用圍巖本身的支承能力來(lái)達(dá)到襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定。監(jiān)控量測(cè)工作是采用新奧法設(shè)計(jì)、施工的隧道在監(jiān)視隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性過(guò)程中必不可少的重要施工程序，它為初期支護(hù)和二次襯砌設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的調(diào)整提供依據(jù)，是確保施工及結(jié)構(gòu)運(yùn)營(yíng)安全、指導(dǎo)施工程序、便利施工管理的重要手段。2監(jiān)控量測(cè)項(xiàng)目隧道監(jiān)控量測(cè)的項(xiàng)目應(yīng)根據(jù)工程特點(diǎn)、規(guī)模大小和設(shè)計(jì)要求綜合選定。量側(cè)項(xiàng)目分為必測(cè)項(xiàng)目和選測(cè)項(xiàng)

3、目?jī)纱箢?lèi)。本標(biāo)段主要監(jiān)控量測(cè)項(xiàng)目有：21 必測(cè)項(xiàng)目必測(cè)項(xiàng)目是在采用錨噴構(gòu)筑法施工時(shí)必須作為一道工序進(jìn)行的項(xiàng)目，它包括：（1）洞內(nèi)外觀察；（2）水平相對(duì)凈空變化值的量測(cè)；（3）拱頂下沉量測(cè)。22 選測(cè)項(xiàng)目選測(cè)項(xiàng)目是根據(jù)圍巖性質(zhì)、隧道埋置深度、開(kāi)挖方式等條件有選擇地進(jìn)行的項(xiàng)目，它包括：（1）地表下沉量測(cè)；（2）圍巖內(nèi)部變形量測(cè)；（3）錨桿軸力量測(cè)；（4）圍巖壓力量測(cè)；（5）支護(hù)、襯砌應(yīng)力量測(cè)；（6）鋼架內(nèi)力及所承受的荷載量測(cè)；（7）圍巖彈性波速度測(cè)試。3量測(cè)斷面的間距和量測(cè)頻率31 洞內(nèi)、外觀察洞內(nèi)、外觀察是直接利用肉眼對(duì)隧道內(nèi)外圍巖及其支護(hù)、襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)變化進(jìn)行觀察，以了解圍巖穩(wěn)定狀況，對(duì)隧道施工其

4、指導(dǎo)性作用。311 洞內(nèi)觀察洞內(nèi)觀察分開(kāi)挖工作面觀察和已施工段觀察兩部分。（1）開(kāi)挖工作面觀察開(kāi)挖工作面觀察在每次開(kāi)挖后進(jìn)行，觀察內(nèi)容包括圍巖圍巖等級(jí)變化、節(jié)理發(fā)育程度、巖層及裂隙走向、地下滲水情況等。每次觀察后必須及時(shí)繪制開(kāi)挖工作面地質(zhì)素描圖、填寫(xiě)開(kāi)挖工作面地質(zhì)狀態(tài)記錄表和施工階段圍巖級(jí)別判定卡（見(jiàn)附表1），對(duì)于易引起坍塌的巖塊及時(shí)進(jìn)行錨桿支護(hù)或噴射混凝土封閉。（2）已施工段觀察對(duì)已施工段的觀察每天進(jìn)行至少一次，主要觀察內(nèi)容為：噴射混凝土、錨桿、鋼架和二次襯砌的工作狀態(tài)，并作好詳細(xì)的記錄。3.1.2 洞外觀察洞外觀察應(yīng)每天進(jìn)行一次，觀察重點(diǎn)在洞口段和洞身淺埋段，其觀察內(nèi)容為：地表開(kāi)裂、地表沉

5、陷、邊坡及仰坡穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)、地表水滲透情況等。3.2 隧道周邊位移量測(cè)隧道周邊位移量測(cè)包括水平凈空變化值量測(cè)和拱頂下沉量測(cè)，在同一斷面內(nèi)進(jìn)行。其量測(cè)斷面的間距應(yīng)根據(jù)圍巖級(jí)別、隧道斷面尺寸、埋置深度等確定（具體見(jiàn)下表）。量測(cè)頻率（具體見(jiàn)下表）根據(jù)變形速度和距開(kāi)挖面距離較高的一個(gè)頻率選取。當(dāng)圍巖達(dá)到基本穩(wěn)定后，在以1次/7d的量測(cè)頻率量測(cè)23周后可結(jié)束量測(cè)；若位移長(zhǎng)期沒(méi)有收斂趨勢(shì)，應(yīng)當(dāng)適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng)量測(cè)時(shí)間，直到位移速率小于0.5mm/d時(shí)方可結(jié)束量測(cè)。拱頂下沉及周邊收斂量測(cè)間距表圍巖級(jí)別量測(cè)斷面間距(m)（淺埋）1015（深埋）2030（淺埋）1015（深埋）2030405050100拱頂下沉及周邊收斂量

6、測(cè)間距表變形速度（mm/d）量測(cè)斷面距開(kāi)挖面距離（m）量測(cè)頻率5(01)B12次/天15(12)B1次/天0.51(12)B1次/2天0.20.5(25)B1次/2天0.25B1次/周33 地表下沉量測(cè)地表下沉量測(cè)根據(jù)隧道埋置深度、地質(zhì)條件、地表有無(wú)建筑物、所采用的開(kāi)挖方式等因素確定是否進(jìn)行。其測(cè)點(diǎn)應(yīng)布設(shè)在隧道中線上，且與測(cè)點(diǎn)在同一斷面上。其量測(cè)的間距按下表布置，量測(cè)頻率與周邊位移量頻率相同。當(dāng)需要進(jìn)行橫斷面方向地表下沉量測(cè)時(shí)，其同一斷面取711個(gè)測(cè)點(diǎn)，測(cè)點(diǎn)間距取25m。地表下沉量測(cè)在開(kāi)挖工作面前方H+h（隧道埋置深度+隧道高度）處開(kāi)始，直至襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)封閉、下沉基本停止為止。地表下沉量測(cè)斷面間距

7、表埋置深度量測(cè)斷面間距(m)H2B2050BH2B1020H1.50.61.50.20.60.060.20.06延伸性極差差中等好極好粗糙度明顯臺(tái)階狀粗糙波紋狀平整光滑有檫痕平整光滑張開(kāi)性(mm)密閉1.0黏土充填風(fēng)化程度未風(fēng)化風(fēng)化輕微風(fēng)化頗重風(fēng)化嚴(yán)重風(fēng)化極嚴(yán)重簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明地下水狀態(tài)滲水量 L/（min10m） (Hunan Zhengban made 2013 No. 4), resolutely implement the safety production of the party with responsibility, a pair of responsibility. Two is i

8、ssued safety production administration and inspection to promote the responsibilities bear safety production supervision departments strictly and effectively assumed responsibility. The three is the establishment of enterprise production safety hidden With self correction self reporting system, prom

9、ote the enterprises to implement the main responsibility for production safety. The four is the introduction of strengthening county safety production supervision ability construction work, promote safe production responsibility to the grassroots. 3, strict accountability and target management. Adhe

10、re to the who is in charge, who is responsible for the pipe industry must pipes, pipe production and management must control safety management business must be safe principle, the implementation of safe production supervision and stagnation to cure. The leadership responsible system. Production safe

11、ty of key towns, key enterprises and key problems, by the township government and the Department responsible for the stagnation led the lump sum, to tackle tough. To further increase the production safety index assessment, strict implementation of safe production of one vote veto award and recogniti

12、on system, strengthen production safety incentive mechanism (four). Adhere to the political principles against unwholesome tendencies existence of the problem is not strict internal supervision. Over the years, the global leadership team members do not have any illegal and other bad records, but the

13、re are still not strict, the implementation does not survive the problem. A few leading cadres not strictly in accordance with the county Party committee, county government On strengthening style construction requirements and style construction safety supervision system of ten prohibitions, to solve

14、 the people most concerned, the most direct, the most realistic problem of production safety as the starting point and goal of all work, to strengthen internal supervision on the way, in the perfect power control mechanism on let things drift, get free in the political norms of leading cadres, some involving major principle problems of ambiguous attitude, major issues issues of right an