英語(yǔ)句型專練-There-be句型講解和練習(xí)(共10頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上簡(jiǎn)單句的九大基本句型一、簡(jiǎn)單句的九大基本句型1. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)”(即“主謂”句型)這一句型英漢語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)形式完全相同，說明“某人或某物如何動(dòng)作”，或者說“某人或某物自身怎樣運(yùn)動(dòng)”。例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析：“他們”(主語(yǔ))“到了”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)。The earth turns around the sun.地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太陽(yáng)東升西落。2. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)”(即“主謂賓”句型)這一句型英漢語(yǔ)言的結(jié)

2、構(gòu)形式完全相同，用以說明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者說“某人或某物發(fā)出了動(dòng)作，并且其動(dòng)作涉及到另一個(gè)人或物”。例：I study English.分析：“我”(主語(yǔ))“學(xué)習(xí)”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)“英語(yǔ)”(賓語(yǔ)即動(dòng)作涉及的對(duì)象)。I like swimming.我喜歡游泳。3. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)”(主謂雙賓)這一句型英漢語(yǔ)序結(jié)構(gòu)相同，說明“某人為誰(shuí)(間接賓語(yǔ)為人)做某事”，或者說“某人或物的運(yùn)動(dòng)涉及到兩個(gè)對(duì)象，其中一個(gè)間接對(duì)象為人，另一個(gè)為物”。例：Our teacher taught us English.分析：“我們的老師”(主語(yǔ))“教”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)“我們”(間接賓語(yǔ))

3、“英語(yǔ)”(直接賓語(yǔ))。4. “主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”(主謂賓補(bǔ))這一句型說明“某人或某物要求(使、讓)某人做什么”或“某人感覺某人或物怎么樣”。例： He asked her to go there.分析：“他”(主語(yǔ))“要求”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作)“她”(賓語(yǔ)即動(dòng)作涉及的對(duì)象)“去那里”(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)做什么)。5. “主語(yǔ) + have + 賓語(yǔ)”(即“擁有”句型)這一句型主要用于說明“某人或某物擁有什么(賓語(yǔ)，即有形或無(wú)形的資源)”。例： You have a nice watch. 你有一塊漂亮的手表分析：“你”擁有一塊漂亮的手表，即你擁有一個(gè)可以及時(shí)且漂亮的器具。6.

4、“There + be + 主語(yǔ)+ ”(即“存在”句型)這一句型用以說明“在某地或某時(shí)存在某人或物”。例：There is a bird in the tree. 在樹上有一只鳥。分析：“在樹上”(地點(diǎn))“有一只鳥”(存在物)。7. “主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞+ 表語(yǔ)”(即“主系表”句型)這一句型用以說明“某人(某物、某事、某種概念)具有什么特征或處于什么狀態(tài)”。漢語(yǔ)的“是”字結(jié)構(gòu)屬于這一英語(yǔ)句型的形式之一。常用的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, s

5、ound, taste, 等。例： I am a teacher. 我是一名老師分析：“我”(主語(yǔ))“是”(系動(dòng)詞)“一名老師”(表語(yǔ)即表明主語(yǔ)的身份)。She felt very tired. 她感覺到很累。He became an engineer.他成為了一名工程師。You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天臉色看起來蒼白，病了嗎?8. 比較句型這一句型用以比較物質(zhì)甲與乙之間的異同。1) 相等比較: as + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí) + as;as + 形容詞+名詞 + as例：He is as rich as John.他和約翰一樣富有。例：He has as

6、 much money as she does.他和她的錢一樣多2) 劣等比較： less + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí) + than 例：He is less careful than she. 他沒她細(xì)心。3) 優(yōu)等比較：+ 形容詞/副詞比較級(jí) + than ;the + 形容詞/副詞比較級(jí) + of the two例：She is more careful than he.她比他細(xì)心多了。例： He is the cleverer of the two boys.兩個(gè)男孩中他更聰明些。4)最高級(jí)：the + 形容詞/副詞最高級(jí)(單數(shù)名詞或one)+ of(among) + 人或物in + 場(chǎng)所例

7、： He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。9. “it + is/was + 形容詞 + to do/從句”(即評(píng)價(jià)句型)這一句型用于說明“某一動(dòng)作或事情屬于什么性質(zhì)或具有什么特征”。即對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或事情進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。(這里it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是 to do 結(jié)構(gòu)或 that 從句)例：It is important to learn a foreign language.學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)很重要。分析：本句重在說明“學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)”(to learn a foreign language)這一動(dòng)作的性質(zhì)是“重要的”。 There be句型 There be句

8、型1、定義： There be 結(jié)構(gòu)主要用以表達(dá) “某地有某人(某物)”。其基本句型為“There be +某物或某人(主語(yǔ)) + 某地”2、be動(dòng)詞的選擇： There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be（is / are）在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)保持一致。主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is ；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。 3、具體結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) There is + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ). E.g. There is a desk in the classroom. 在教室里有一張桌子。 (2) There are + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ). E.g. There are 5 app

9、les in the box. 盒子里有五個(gè)蘋果。 (3) There be +人+doing sth + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ). 口訣： “有”字放前面，有“啥”放中間； 時(shí)間地點(diǎn)放后面； 單數(shù)is, 復(fù)數(shù)are 注意be的兩變化。 4、句型變化： (1)、否定句：there be的否定式通常在be后加not。 E.g. There is a bike under the tree. 樹下有一輛自行車。 There isn't a bike under the tree. E.g. There are 2 little girls in the room.在房間里有兩個(gè)小女孩。 There ar

10、en't 2 little girls in the room. (2)、一般疑問句及其答語(yǔ)： 1、一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞提前,首字母大寫,句末用問號(hào)即可。 2、回答時(shí)，“用什么問，就用什么答”，用Is / Are there來提問，就用there is / are來回答。 肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't. E.g. 1、There are two cats in the tree.樹上有兩只貓。 Are there two cats in the tree? Yes, there are.

11、 No, there aren't. . 2、There is a computer on the desk . 在桌子上有一臺(tái)電腦。 Is there a computer on the desk？ Yes, there is. No, there isn't.課堂練習(xí)：1. There is a new bed and an old desk in the room .否定句 一般疑問句 否定回答 (3)特殊疑問句：There be句型的特殊疑問句有以下三種形式： 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用 “Whos + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用 “Whats + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”。

12、其中there在口語(yǔ)中常常省略。注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)其提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there?There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問：用 “Where is are + 主語(yǔ)?”表示（注意其答語(yǔ)變化）：例如： There is a computer in my offi

13、ce. Where is the computer? -Its in my office. There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children?They re in the classroom. 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種提問方式： 如果主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞，無(wú)論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，都用“How many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語(yǔ)？”表示：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There i

14、s only one book in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?There is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box?如果主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞，則用“ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語(yǔ)？”表示：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse? 5、some和any在“there be”句型中的用法： some 一些（some用于肯定句）

15、any 一些（any用于否定句和一般疑問句） 注意：There be句型在變成否定句或一般疑問句時(shí)，要注意把句中的some變成any。 E.g.1、There is some water in the bottle .在瓶子里有一些水。 There isn't any water in the bottle.（否定句） Is there any water in the bottle？（一般疑問句） 2、There are some children in the picture. 圖片里有一些小孩。 There aren't any children in the pictu

16、re. （否定句） Are there any children in the picture？（一般疑問句）課堂練習(xí)：1. - Are there _ shops near here? - No, there are _ shops near here. A. some, not  B. some, any    C. any, not   D. any, no 2There are some tables on the floor.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?6、就近原則： there是個(gè)近視眼。若句子中有幾個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí), be的形式要與離

17、其最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 E.g. 1.There is a pen, two pencils and some books on the desk. 書桌上有一支鋼筆、兩支鉛筆和一些書。 2.There are two pencils, a pen and some books on the desk. 書桌上有兩支鉛筆、一支鋼筆和一些書。3.There some books，two pencils and a pen on the desk. 書桌上有一些書、兩支鉛筆和一支鋼筆。課堂練習(xí)：There milk and eggs on the table .在桌子上有牛奶和雞蛋

18、。 There eggs and milk on the table. 7、“there be” 和“have”的區(qū)別 There be表示“存在有” ；have（has）表示“所屬有”他們都翻譯為“有”，但具體用法不相同，且兩種結(jié)構(gòu)不能同時(shí)合用。 E.g.1、I have a book .我有一本書。 （注：書歸我所有，我是書的主人。 所屬有） 2、There is a book on the desk .在桌子上有一本書。 （注：書只是存在于桌子上，但書不屬于桌子所有。 存在有）（2）變式練習(xí) 一、用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。 1. There _a map on the wall. 2. Th

19、ere _many things on her desk. 3. There _a big dog and a small cat near the table. 4. There _two bikes under the tree. 5. There _a pen, two pencils and an eraser in the pencil-box. 6. There _some books, a pencil-box and a pen on her desk. 7.There some milk in the glass. 8.There some people under the

20、big tree. 9.There lots of flowers in our garden. 二、單選題 1. _ there a radio on your desk? A.  Are        B. Is C. Am 2. _ there a map on the wall? Yes, there _. A. Are / is      B. Is / are     C. Is / is  &

21、#160;  D. Are /are 3.There _ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. A. has         B. are C.am D.is 4.There _ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. A.is          B. are C.am D.have 5. Are the

22、re _ pictures on the wall? No, there aren't _ . A. any / any B. some / any    C. some / some D. any/some 6.There_ some water in the cup . A. is B.am C. are D. be7.    There isnt _water in the glass. Lets go and get some.A. many      B. lots&

23、#160;  C. any     D. some8. There _ many changes in the village recently.  A. is       B. are    C. have been    D. to be9. -There _a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?-Just a little, please.A. is B

24、. are C. am D. be10. There _ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has11 There _ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.A. is B. are C. have D. has12. There is a boy _at the door.A. stand B. standing C. stood D. is standing13. -_is in the house?- There is an o

25、ld women in the house.A. What B. Whose C. Who D.Which 14.There were _ students in our school Ahundreds Beight hundred Ceight hundreds of 15.There is _ waterYou needn't get some more Afew Blittle Cmuch四、鞏固練習(xí)一、用 have或has填空。 1I _ a nice picture. 2He _ a good friend. 3They _ some kites. 4We _ some f

26、lowers. 5Her mother _ a vase(花瓶). 6Nancy _ many skirts. 7My friends _ a football. 8What do you _ ? 9What do your friends _ ? 10His brother _ a basketball. 1. 把下列句子改為否定句和一般疑問句。 1I have a ping-pong ball. 否 疑 2There is a book and a pen in the bag. 否 疑 3His aunt has a new TV. 否 疑 4There are some boys in

27、 our class. 否 疑 五、拓展訓(xùn)練一、單選題 1.There_ some water in the cup . A. is B. am C. are D. be 2. _there a book on the desk now ? A. Is B. Are C. Were D. Was 3. How many people _in your family ? A. do you have B. are there C. you had D. there are 4.There _any trees in front of the classroom. A. isn't B.

28、aren't C. hasn't D. haven't 5. There _sheep in the field . A. is B. are much C. are many D. are a 6. There are _in the field .They are eating grass. A. a horse B. much horses C. many horse D. many horses 7. There _a new bed and an old desk in the room . A. is B. are C. have D.has 8._any

29、trees in the picture ? A. Is there B. Are there C. Was there D. Were there 9.There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some 10. How many _ are there in your classroom? A. desks B. desk C. chair D. door二、用“have, has” ， “there is ，there are” 或者“is

30、 there ，are there”填空。 1. I _ a good father and a good mother. 2. _ a book on the desk. 3. He _ a tape-recorder. 4. They _ a nice garden. 5. What do you _ ? 6. _ a reading-room in the building? 7. What does Mike _ ? 8. _ any books in the bag? 9. My father _ a story-book. 10. _ any flowers in the garden? 11. How many students _ in th