高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納例句

1、文檔供參考，可復(fù)制、編制，期待您的好評(píng)與關(guān)注！ 宜都二中高三英語(yǔ)搶分秘籍語(yǔ) 法 篇一 定語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)1，I would rather you didnt make such a stupid mistake once more, which will leave bad impressions on others. (make) 我希望你不要再犯這樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤了，這會(huì)給別人留下不好的印象。（虛擬語(yǔ)氣中用一般過(guò)去式）2, His younger brother teaches in a secondary school, in front of which flows a river. (

2、flow) 他的弟弟在一所中學(xué)教書，學(xué)校前有一條河。（定語(yǔ)從句）3, As is reported, it was not until last year that women were admitted into the club as members and ever since it has enjoyed a boom in business. (report) 據(jù)報(bào)道，這家俱樂部直到去年才接受女會(huì)員，而且自那以后，生意可興旺了。（定語(yǔ)從句）4, The girl has a great intrest in sport and has been taking badminton cl

3、asses over the last three years. (take) 這個(gè)女孩對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)很感興趣，在過(guò)去三年里她一直在上羽毛球課。（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）5, Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where/in which they live because of serious pollution. (live) 因?yàn)閲?yán)重的污染，現(xiàn)在人們更關(guān)心它他們所居住的環(huán)境了。（定語(yǔ)從句）6, The moment I received my test score, I burst into tears for it was

4、 the the second time (that) I had failed the driving test. 一拿到自己的成績(jī)單，我就嚎啕大哭起來(lái)，因?yàn)檫@是我第二次沒通過(guò)駕照考試了。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)）7, Jenny hasnt heard from her boy friend for a long time, which accounts for her depression and sudden anger. (account) Jenny最近意志消沉，突然發(fā)怒，是因?yàn)樗芫脹]有收到男朋友的來(lái)信了。（定語(yǔ)從句）8, Leave him alone when he is occupie

5、d with his report, or you will interrupt his thought and writing process. (leave) 他在忙著寫報(bào)告期間不要去打擾他，不然會(huì)打斷他的思路和寫作進(jìn)程的。（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）9, John wants to carry my luggage himself, but Id rather it was conveyed to/I had it conveyed to/have it conveyed to the hotel by taxi. (convey) John想要親自扛我的行李，但我寧愿要出租車把它送到賓館。（答案為虛

6、擬語(yǔ)氣，用一般過(guò)去式，答案為短語(yǔ)would rather do sth搭配）10, When the supermarket had a scale on, I bought lots of things, most of which turned out to be of poor quality. (turn) 超市打折時(shí)，我買了很多東西，結(jié)果大多數(shù)都質(zhì)量不行。（定語(yǔ)從句）11, I firmly believe that the bed hasnt been slept in yet for the sheet and quilt are brand new. (sleep)我堅(jiān)信這張床

7、上還沒人睡過(guò)，因?yàn)榇矄魏捅蛔邮菎湫碌?。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）12,The children had been trapped in the well for 10 hours before their parents came to their rescue. (trap) 等到父母親來(lái)救援那些孩子的時(shí)候，他們被困在井里已有十個(gè)小時(shí)。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）13, The old lady was in such a hurry that she lost the money with which she was to buy medicine for her sick husband. (

8、buy) 那位老太太匆忙之中把計(jì)劃給她生病的丈夫買藥的錢丟了。（定語(yǔ)從句）14, Was it on the farm where he once worked that he came across the girl who later became his wife? (work)她是在他曾經(jīng)工作過(guò)的的農(nóng)場(chǎng)碰到的那個(gè)后來(lái)成為他妻子的女孩嗎？（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的定語(yǔ)從句）二 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1. He was lucky to escape being punished.（v-ing的被動(dòng)式做賓語(yǔ)）她幸運(yùn)地逃脫了懲罰。2. Jim is sixteen now-it is high time we st

9、opped treating him like a child. (stop doing“停止做某事”)吉姆現(xiàn)在十六歲了。我們是時(shí)候停止像小孩一樣對(duì)待他了。2. He admitted having broken the window. (v-ing的完成式做賓語(yǔ)“承認(rèn)做了某事”) 她承認(rèn)打破了窗戶。4. The news being broadcast is about the robbery. (v-ing的被動(dòng)式做定語(yǔ)，“在被做的”)在廣播的新聞史關(guān)于那起搶劫。5. It is rumoured that the bridge to be constructed will cost a

10、lot. (不定式的被動(dòng)做定語(yǔ)，表示“即將被做的”) 有謠言說(shuō)那座即將修建的橋花費(fèi)很大。6. I am sure that the head teacher wont have you getting away with cheating in the exam. (v-ing做賓補(bǔ)，與否定連用表示“不允許，禁止”)我可以肯定，因?yàn)槟憧荚囎鞅祝嘀魅问遣粫?huì)讓你僥幸逃脫的。7. we are kept informed of what is happening in the world by reading newspapers and watching TV. (v-ed做主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，keep

11、 sb. informed of sth.) 我們通過(guò)讀報(bào)和看電視來(lái)了解世界上正在發(fā)生的事情。8. Look at the clear sky. Youd better have your car washed. (v-ed做賓補(bǔ)，have sth done) 這么好的天氣，你最好把車洗一下。9 . A number of paintings in this castle are believed to have been destroyed in a fire in 2009. (不定式的被動(dòng)完成式在此類句型中的應(yīng)用) 人們相信這座城堡中的大量繪畫在2009年的那場(chǎng)大火中被毀掉了。10. C

12、ompare the two coats and you will find the blue one is more suitable. (祈使句+and/or+陳述句) 比較這兩件上衣，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)藍(lán)色的那件更合適。11. Compared with people living generations ago, now we have greater opportunities to have a good time. (v-ed做狀語(yǔ)) 比起前幾輩人，我們現(xiàn)在有更多機(jī)會(huì)享受生活。12. I tore open the box, only to discover that the neckla

13、ce was missing. (only to do表示與預(yù)期相反的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)) 我撕開那個(gè)盒子，不料發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)鏈不見了13. Not having persuaded my parents, I failed to go to a drama school. (v-ing完成式做狀語(yǔ)，注意not的位置) （由于）沒有說(shuō)服我父母，我沒能上戲劇學(xué)校。14. Occupied in practicing his spoken English, he couldnt find any time to finish this project. (v-ed做狀語(yǔ)，可歸納類似的其他短語(yǔ)) 她忙于練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)，

14、抽不出時(shí)間完成這個(gè)計(jì)劃。15. It was a dark rainy night. Charlie made his way along the abandoned street with his eyes fixed on the road before him. (with的符合結(jié)構(gòu)，注意fix的形式)這是一個(gè)漆黑的雨夜。查理沿著一條廢棄的街道艱難前行，眼睛緊盯著前面的路。16. With so many problems to solve, the student looks anxious. (to do在 with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的應(yīng)用，表示“要做”)17. Knowing what

15、you are doing can reduce the risks of failure. (v-ing 做主語(yǔ))知道你正在干什么能降低失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。18.Having been reminded not to miss the flight to Paris, he set out for the airport in a hurry. (having been done 做狀語(yǔ)) 提醒他不要錯(cuò)過(guò)了去巴黎的航班后，她急急忙忙地動(dòng)身去機(jī)場(chǎng)。19. Not being admitted into the key university isnt the end of life. (v-ing的被動(dòng)

16、式做主語(yǔ)，注意not的位置) 沒被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取并不是生活的盡頭。20.Having been blamed for several times, she seems to have been aware of her mistakes. (to do的完成式做賓語(yǔ)) 被責(zé)備了好幾次，她似乎已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了自己的錯(cuò)誤。三倒裝倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)：1.全部倒裝：即主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)完全顛倒位置，謂語(yǔ)位于主語(yǔ)的前面。2. 部分倒裝：即將謂語(yǔ)的一部分提到主語(yǔ)前面：如果句中有助動(dòng)詞have/has/had,或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞，將這些詞提到主語(yǔ)前面即可；如果句中沒有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞，要用助動(dòng)詞do/does/d

17、id放在主語(yǔ)前，用了這些助動(dòng)詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用原形。1. Little does she care about what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance. 她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表現(xiàn)。（little,否定詞在句首引起的 子部分倒裝；類似的否定詞有never, few, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely,nowhere 等。）2. By no means should you tell lies before your parents.你絕對(duì)不應(yīng)該在父母面前撒謊。（

18、介詞+no+ 名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思為絕不，放在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有 at no time, in no case, under no circumstances, in no sense, in no way, on no condition, on no account 等）3. Not until I visited Guilin in person did I find it really worthy of the reputation.直到我親自游覽了桂林，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)它果然名不需傳。( not until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝。 )4. Not only i

19、s she good at English, but she can also speak French very well.她不僅擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)，而且她法語(yǔ)也說(shuō)得好。（ not onlybut also 連接的兩個(gè)句子，not only 位于句首時(shí)，前一個(gè)句子要部分倒裝，but also 句子中不倒裝。）5.Hardly had we declared the sports meeting open when the rain began to pour down .我們一宣布運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)開幕，天就開始下起瓢潑大雨來(lái)。（ Hardlywhen; No soonerthan,意思為一就，連接兩個(gè)句子，ha

20、rdly/no sooner在句首時(shí)，前一個(gè)句子用部分倒裝，且用過(guò)去完成時(shí)had done 的結(jié)構(gòu)；后面的句子不倒裝。）6. So absorbed was he in reading a novel that he didnt notice the teacher come in .他如此專心于看小說(shuō)以至于沒注意到老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的進(jìn)步以至于受到了表?yè)P(yáng)。（ 在so that和 suchthat句型中，如so/ such 引導(dǎo)的部分位于句首時(shí)，主句的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)要部分倒裝。）7.On

21、ly by studying hard can we be admitted to university.只有通過(guò)努力學(xué)習(xí)我們才能被大學(xué)錄取。（ only 修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句且放在句首時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)部分倒裝）8.He thinks English is important. So does she. 他認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)很重要。她也這樣認(rèn)為。My sister will not prepare for the driving test this summer, neither/nor will I.我姐姐今年暑假不準(zhǔn)備駕駛考試，我也不會(huì)。（so/neither /nor 位句首時(shí)，句子的

22、主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要部分倒裝。）9.Had you taken my advice, you wouldnt have failed in the exam.如果你聽了我的建議，你就不會(huì)考試不及格了。Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.如果明天下雨，我們將不得不取消足球賽。（ 在if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，可省略if,j將if 從句中的were/ should/ had 提到主語(yǔ)前構(gòu)成倒裝句注意：if從句中的not不可提到主語(yǔ)前）10. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 他盡

23、管只是個(gè)孩子，他懂得很多。Hard as I tried, I failed again. 盡管我努力嘗試了，我還是又失敗了。Try as he might, he couldnt open the door. 盡管他試了，他也不能打開門。（as/though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可將句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提到前面，構(gòu)成倒裝。句式為：表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形+as/ though+ 主語(yǔ)+ 其它。注意： 當(dāng)表語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，名詞前無(wú)冠詞a/the.）11. Present at the meeting were our parents. 出席會(huì)議的是我們的父母。 Sitting/seated

24、at the the back of the classroom are six tallest boys of our class.坐在教室后面的是我們班六名個(gè)子最高的男生。（ 形容詞/v-ing/ v-ed 作表語(yǔ)且位于句首時(shí)，句子全部倒裝，句式為：表語(yǔ)（形容詞/v-ing/ v-ed）+l連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。）12.From the distance came a soldier. 從遠(yuǎn)處走來(lái)一個(gè)士兵。 Away flew the bird. 小鳥飛走了。(表方式、方位、時(shí)間的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，句子要全部倒裝。常見的副詞有 here,there; up,down; in, out;n

25、ow,then; away; in front of, at the top of)四 虛擬語(yǔ)氣及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法1.I wish I were a bird.我希望我是一只鳥兒。（現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）2.I wish you would come tomorrow. 我希望你明天來(lái)。（將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)）3.I wish he had not drunk so much milk yesterday.我希望他昨天沒喝如此多的牛奶。（將過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望用過(guò)去完成時(shí)）4.If only I had enough time now.要是我現(xiàn)在有足夠的時(shí)間就好了。5. If

26、only I would have enough time tomorrow. 要是我明天有足夠的時(shí)間就好了。6. If only I had had enough time yesterday. 要是我昨天有足夠的時(shí)間就好了。(if only引導(dǎo)的句子中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣與wish的用法一樣 as if 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣也與wish的用法一樣He must )7. She would rather he stayed at home today.她寧愿他今天呆在家里。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過(guò)去時(shí))8. She would rather he stayed at home tomorrow.

27、 她寧愿他明天呆在家里。 (與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用一般過(guò)去時(shí))9. She would rather he had stayed at home yesterday. 她寧愿他明天呆在家里。(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用一般過(guò)去時(shí))10.He suggested that this patient should be operated on immediately.他建議立馬給這個(gè)病人動(dòng)手術(shù)。（一堅(jiān)持insist二命令order command三建議advise suggest recommend四要求request require demand desire再加一個(gè)urge,這些詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用should

28、+v.原形。此外，與這些詞相關(guān)的其他從句以及與這些動(dòng)詞相關(guān)的名詞有關(guān)的從句都用should +v原形）10.His requirement is that we should finish our task at once.他的要求是我們立馬完成任務(wù)。11.It is suggested that she should study hard.有人建議她努力學(xué)習(xí)。12.It is high time that we should watchwatched TV.是我們看電視的時(shí)候了。(這種句型中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或者should +v原形)13.If I were you, I would make

29、full use of time.如果我是你，我會(huì)充分利用時(shí)間。14.If you had followed his advice, you would have passed the exam.如果你聽從了他的建議，你就通過(guò)了考試。15.If it rainedshould rainwere to rain tomorrow, I would not go fishing.如果明天下雨，我就不去釣魚。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用should/could /would/might+v原形；與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句用should/could /would/might+

30、have+done; 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或者should+v原形或者were to +v原形，主句用should/could /would/might+v原形）16.If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now你要早去看病，你現(xiàn)在就沒事了。（錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句：從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）17.But for the English test，I would have gone home this week要不是英語(yǔ)測(cè)試，我這個(gè)禮拜就回家了。含蓄條件句，除了but for（要不是）以外，能夠表示虛

31、擬條件的詞和短語(yǔ)還包括：without（沒有）、otherwise（否則）、or（不然）18 .He must be watching TV.他一定正在看電視。19. She must have watched TV last night.她昨天晚上一定看了電視。20. Why must you lie on the sofa? 你為什么偏要躺在沙發(fā)上？21.She can not be listening to music now.她現(xiàn)在音肯定沒在聽樂。22. She cant/could not have watched TV last night.她昨天肯定沒看電視23.You need

32、 not have taken an umbrella.你本不必帶雨傘的。（本不必做而又做了）24. You should/ought to have won the first prize.你本該獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的。(本該做而又沒做)25.You should not/ought not to have arrived late.你本不該遲到的。（本不該做而又做了）26.It might/may have rained lat night.昨天可能下了雨。(可能做過(guò)某事)五 名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句1: What the government will do with the land is unkn

33、own. (do) “政府將如何處理這塊土地還未知”，這里考察what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，另外，“處理”do with 要用what 提問，若是deal with,要用how提問； Whar impressed me most was his honesty. Whoever/Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. Whoever引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，不能用no matter who2: That he had said something improper at the meeting surprised all of us. (say) “他在會(huì)上說(shuō)了

34、不妥的話使我們感到驚訝” that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，不作任何成分，只起引導(dǎo)作用。 That he was caught cheating in the exam made his head teacher very angry.3: It wonder what it is that makes him so excited. (be) “我想知道是什么讓他這么興奮?！辟e語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。 It is hard to image what the future may have in store for us.4: The factory is built on what was a wast

35、eland before. (wasteland) “這個(gè)工廠建立在以前是塊廢地的地方。” 介詞后接賓語(yǔ)，what 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，而不能用where We are now living in what is called Zhi Cheng. No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we call America. He was driving at what I thought was a dangerous speed. George always does his best, and thats

36、 what I like him.5:I know she is a teacher in this school and that she is an experienced one. (be) 我知道她是這個(gè)學(xué)校的老師而且是位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教師 that只有在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)才能省略，但兩個(gè)that從句并列時(shí)，后一個(gè)that不省略。6: It is necessary that we (should ) learn English well. (learn) 我們學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很有必要。 在主語(yǔ)從句中，用來(lái)表示驚訝，懷疑，惋惜等，要用(should ) do結(jié)構(gòu)(其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：should be done

37、)，并且這里是it做形式主語(yǔ)。It is necessary /important/natural/strange/surprising.that clauseIt is a pity/shame/surprisethat-clause7: It is said that he has been admitted to a key university. (admit) 據(jù)說(shuō)他考取了一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。It is said/reported/believed/considered/known/ordered/requested/requiredthat-clause 此句區(qū)別sb/sth 作主語(yǔ)的結(jié)

38、構(gòu)：Sb/sth be said/reported/believed/considered/knownto do/to be/ to be doing/ to have done/ to have been done8:It is no longer what it was /used to be. (be) 這不再是過(guò)去的樣子了。 What 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，A man isnt always what he appears to be.9:He put up a suggstion that we should hold a class meeting tomorrow. (hold) 他建

39、議我們應(yīng)該明天舉行個(gè)班會(huì)。這是同位語(yǔ)從句，以suggest為例，表命令，要求，建議，請(qǐng)求等詞的主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，都要用(should)+ V-原 It is suggested that should She suggested that .should.10: Fail as he did, he would never give up. (as) 盡管失敗了，他仍沒放棄。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句需倒裝，結(jié)構(gòu)為：adj/adv/n./v-ing/v-ed/v. +as +主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) Pop star as she is , she still needs to impro

40、ve. Praised as he was, he remained modest. Much as I love it , I will not buy it. Try as I might, I failed.11:They eat whatever they can find. (eat)“他們吃能找得到的任何食物”， Whatever 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，屬于名詞性從句，不能用no matter what（只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）,但此句可換成： No matter what/Whatever they find, they eat it. I will buy it however/no

41、matter how much it may cost/whatever the cost is.12: In case of rain, youd better take an umbrella. (case)“以防下雨，你最好帶把傘” In case of rain/an emergency In case it rains/should rain13:You can rely on it that he will come to meet you . (rely) “你要相信他回來(lái)接你的?！?It 作形式賓語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句等放在后面的?？季湫停?1): make it clea

42、r (to sb) that 向某人闡明、講明、說(shuō)明 2): take it for granted that 認(rèn)為什么是理所當(dāng)然的 3): rely on it that /depend on it that 相信什么 4): see to it that 務(wù)必、保證、確保14：Whether he will be invited to the party hasnt been decided. (invite)“是否邀請(qǐng)他參加晚會(huì)還沒有確定?！?引導(dǎo)名詞性從句表示“是否”時(shí)，建議都用whether He doesnt know whether to stay or not. The que

43、stion is whether they can arrive here on time.15:that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句?？季湫停?1): The reason why is that. 的原因就是 2): Word came that 有消息傳來(lái). 3): There is no doubt that 毫無(wú)疑問. 4): There is some /much/no chance that 有可能/有很大可能/不可能16: I was about to go out when the phone rang. (be)“我正要出去時(shí)電話鈴響了?！?When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表示“就在這、那

44、時(shí)，突然”，常用句型有： be about to do .when 正要做.突然/這時(shí) be doing .when. 正在做.突然/這時(shí)had done.when 剛做完.突然/這時(shí)be on the point of doing. When 正在做.突然/這時(shí)17: It was a long time before he got to sleep again. (be) “很久他才再次入睡?！?有關(guān)before 的句式： It will be some time before.do 要過(guò)多久之后才 It was some time before .did 過(guò)了多久之后才 It was l

45、ong beforedid 很久才It wasnt long beforedid 不久就18: Hands up, or Ill shoot. (hand) “舉起手，否則我就開槍了。” 祈使句+and/or/otherwise+簡(jiǎn)單句 Look them up in the dictionary, and you will find out such examples.19: The more I learn about the Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. (more)“我越了解中國(guó)的歷史，我就越喜歡在中國(guó)住?！?Th

46、e more.the more越越 The more time you devote to your studies, the more/greater progress you will make.20: The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. (burst)那男孩一見到他媽媽便放聲大哭。 表 “一.就” 的從屬連詞有：as soon as / immediately / directly / instantly / the moment / the minute / the instant / 21: You can

47、go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank. (condition) 你可以下去游泳，條件是不能離岸邊太遠(yuǎn)。 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)： on condition(that), provided(that), providing(that), supposing(that), in case 六 主謂一致及特殊句式的考查（一）主謂一致1）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致：名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)須保持一致。1單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容決定單復(fù)數(shù)。如：Every means has

48、been tried.每種方法都試過(guò)了。These means are out of date.這些方法是過(guò)時(shí)的。2含all，most，half，rest等的名詞詞組作主語(yǔ)，所指的內(nèi)容是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；反之，用單數(shù)。如：All of my classmates work hard.我所有的同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)都很努力。 All of the water is up now.現(xiàn)在所有的水都用光了。3在主謂倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。如：Between the two windows hangs a picture.在兩扇窗子之間掛著一幅畫。2）連接詞的主謂一致：含有連接詞的主謂

49、一致是指對(duì)主語(yǔ)起連接作用的詞會(huì)影響主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致關(guān)系。1用and或bothand連接并列主語(yǔ)，其內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)的，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。若and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)主語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)人、同一物或同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：The teacher and writer has already come to the meeting.這位教師兼作家已來(lái)開會(huì)了。Both my brother and my sister are workers.我的哥哥和姐姐都是工人。2主語(yǔ)后面接連接性短語(yǔ)時(shí)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)并不影響主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。此類連接性短語(yǔ)有as well as，as much

50、as，along with，with，like，rather than，together with，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等。3以or，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等連接的名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與就近的名詞或代詞一致。3）量詞修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致：不定量詞修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致主要是指不同的不定量詞修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也將隨之變化，與主語(yǔ)保持一致。1a(great)number of，many，a few修飾可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2a littl

51、e，much，a great deal of，a large amount of修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。3(large)quantities of修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。4the number of復(fù)數(shù)名詞，the amount of不可數(shù)名詞，the quantity of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 1)考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 that 句子的其余部分。強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容可以是句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，that 可用who代替，其他情況一律用that。

52、 2)考查含有“notuntil”句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：It wasn't untilthat 句子的其余部分。 3)考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的一般疑問句形式：Is/Was it 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that句子的其余部分。 4)考查變式強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It must/may/might bethat；Can/Could it bethat？如：It might be his father that you're thinking of.Could it be Tom that is making the noise?注：it除了作為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞外，其作形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)及其指代用法也要引起足夠的重視。it指

53、代時(shí)間時(shí)，?？嫉囊恍┚湫徒Y(jié)構(gòu)：It is (about/high) time that從句(從句用should do/did) It is/has been some time since從句(從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))(注意從句中延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞意義為否定)It/This is the first/secondtime that從句(必須使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))(這是某人第次做了某事)It was 時(shí)間點(diǎn) when從句It was/will be some time before從句（三）“祈使句陳述句”句型。 1and, then, and then 意思是“就，那么，才”，表示按照祈使句說(shuō)的去做，會(huì)產(chǎn)生順應(yīng)的

54、結(jié)果。2or, or else, otherwise 意思是“否則，要不，不然的話”，表示不按照祈使句說(shuō)的去做，則會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的結(jié)果。（四）感嘆句1what式感嘆句Whata/an形容詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！What形容詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！What形容詞不可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！2how式感嘆句How形容詞/副詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！How形容詞a/an單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！ （五）there be句式 1there be句式中的be可以有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，而且可以和助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。如： There have been many great changes in our country since then. T

55、here must be a mistake somewhere.2there be句式中的be有時(shí)可用seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, used to be, have to be, be expected to be等替代。3there be句式中的be可用remain, live, stand, lie, exist、lie、go、come、occur、follow等不及物動(dòng)詞替代。4there be句式有時(shí)可用于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中，有兩種形式：there being和there to be。there being在句中通常作原因狀語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)或用在介

56、詞或某些動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)。如： There being no further business, I declared the meeting closed.there to be在句中通常作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。 The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.5用于組成特殊句式。There is no use/point/sense (in) doing做某事沒用或沒意義 There is no point (in) worrying about it.There is no doubt about/There is no doubt that毫無(wú)疑問 There is no doubt that she has told the truth.There is no need for/There is no need to