2012屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法精選代詞it用法講義

1、2012屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題總復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法精選代詞it用法講義it 的用法在高考經(jīng)常被考查，仔細(xì)分析一下近幾年的高考試題，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，it用法主要是圍繞其作代詞時(shí)的用法、其作引導(dǎo)詞的用法和其表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的用法的考查，本文就此作一歸類透視，并提出一些提示，希望能對(duì)同學(xué)們很好地復(fù)習(xí)備考it這一用法有所幫助?？键c(diǎn)一、it作代詞時(shí)的用法 1用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到的事，例如： The snake is not a warmblooded animal. Its a cold blooded one. 蛇不是溫血?jiǎng)游?，它是冷血?jiǎng)游铩?用以代替指示代詞，例如： -Whats this ? - Its a boo

2、k. -這是什么？ - 這是一本書。3起指示代詞的作用，指一個(gè)人或事物，例如： -Whos knocking at the door ? - Its me .-誰在敲門？ - 是我。 4指時(shí)間、季節(jié)、天氣、距離、環(huán)境等，例如： Its very cold outside. Put on more clothes. 外面非常冷，多穿點(diǎn)衣服。5.替代詞“it, one與that”區(qū)別和聯(lián)系it用來指代前面提到的同一個(gè)事物或人；one用來指代前面同名異物的名詞, 指的是同類中的一個(gè)，所以屬于泛指，相當(dāng)于“a/an+名詞”。one只能代替可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones；that用來指代前面同名異物的名

3、詞，指的是同類中的一個(gè)，屬于特指，相當(dāng)于“the+名詞”。that既能代替不可數(shù)名詞，也能代替可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是those。Do you need my pen? No, thanks, I have got one. (= a pen)你要用我的鋼筆嗎？不，我自己有一支。The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. (= the weather 不可數(shù)名詞)北京的氣候要比上海（的氣候）冷得多。 【高考鏈接】1.一Have you heard the latest news? 一No，what _？Ais itBis the

4、re Care they Dare those2.In my opinion, life is the twenty-first century is much easier than _ Athat used to beBit is used to Cit was used toDit used to be3.There is still a copy of the book in the library. Wall you go and borrow _?No, Id rather buy _in the bookstore.A. it; oneB. one; oneC. one ; it

5、D. it; it考點(diǎn)二、引導(dǎo)詞it 的用法 1作形式主語(yǔ)，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常把它們放在謂語(yǔ)之后，而用it 作句子的形式主語(yǔ)。例如： It took me 3 hours to get home last night. 昨晚我花了三個(gè)小時(shí)才到家。（不定式作主語(yǔ)） Its no use trying to explainIm not interested. 解釋沒有用我不感興趣。（動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)） It appears that Geoffery might change his mind. 杰斐里可能改變主意。（that 從句作主語(yǔ)） It wasnt very clear

6、 what she meant. 她是什么意思不是很清楚。(what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語(yǔ)) 【高考鏈接】1. _ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. This C. It D. That2._ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.   A. As  B. That C. This D. It 2. it 用作形式賓語(yǔ)。不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或名詞性從句作賓語(yǔ)

7、時(shí)，如果后面帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面。例如：He found it very difficult to stop smoking.The professor thinks it no good reading without understanding.【高考鏈接】1.He didnt make _clear when and where the meeting would be held. A .this B. that C it D. these2.As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her du

8、ty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. thisB. that C. one D. it考點(diǎn)三、it 用作強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)的用法用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一部分（通常是主語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)）可以把it 當(dāng)作先行詞，這種句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是： “It is (was) + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+ that(who )+ 句子其余部分”。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)部分是人，可用who代替that。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，it 不可用this或that替代。例如： It was I who / that meet an old friend of my fath

9、ers in the street yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)) It was an old friend of my fathers that I met in the street yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)) It was yesterday that I met an old friend of my fathers in the street. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，注意不可用when 代替that) It was in the street that I met an old friend of my fathers yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，注意不可用where

10、 代替） 注意：下面兩個(gè)句子第一個(gè)句子是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，要用when；第二個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，要用that。 It was Dec. 18th when she was born. 她出生那天是12月18日。 It was on Dec.18th that she was born. 她是12月18日出生的?！靖呖兼溄印?.It is not who is right but what is right _is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this 2.It was after he got what he had desired _ he r

11、ealized it was not so important. A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. as【高考練兵】I. 單項(xiàng)填空：1. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.       A. this          B. that        C. it   &

12、#160;     D. one2. It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because       B. which      C. since        D. that 3. It was _ back home after

13、 the experiment.   A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went    D. until midnight when he didnt go 4. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that  B. What it is thatC. How is it

14、 that   D. How it is that 5. It was only with the help of the local guide _.    A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued  C. when the mountain climber was rescued  D. then the mountain climber was rescued 6. It is these poisonous prod

15、ucts _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.       A. who         B. that         C. how         D. what7. It was because

16、 of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off.       A. so           B. so that        C. why            D. that8. -

17、 He was nearly drowned once.- When was _?- _ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.      A. that; It                  B. this; This           C. th

18、is; It                  D. that; This9. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.       A. they         B. it&#

19、160;         C. one         D. which10. It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.A. which           B. why   

20、0;    C. that        D. how11. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.         A. one           B. that    

21、     C. what         D. it12. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _.   A. who is he               B. who he is    C. who is it  

22、60;           D. who it is 13. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _ attracted the audiences interest.A. so that                B. that    &#

23、160;     C. what                   D. in which 14. Was _ that I saw last night at the concert?      A. it you           

24、      B. not you       C. you                     D. that yourself  II. 單句改錯(cuò)：1.It is no good to keep this secret.2.It was a new pen which Mother gave me .&

25、#160;3.It was in the classroom when I left my umbrella.4.There is twenty miles from here to our school.5.There are a lot of apples in the basket, please pick out the rotten those. 6.Nothing could make her change her views, could they? 7.It's reporting that the president will come to visit our sc

26、hool. 8.I have made that clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.III. 翻譯下列句子1.是我該受責(zé)怪。2.昨天來的是你叔叔。 3.火車是在十一點(diǎn)鐘離開。 4.我正是照他吩咐的那樣做的。 5.正是因?yàn)樗幘忱щy我才盡力幫助他。 6.和她爭(zhēng)論是浪費(fèi)精力。IV. 完成下列句子，并體會(huì)該句的用法：1.The bridge built of steel is stronger than _ built of stone. 那座鋼筋橋筆那座石橋堅(jiān)固的多。2.My book is missing

27、. I can't find it anywhere. 我的書不見了，我到處都找不到它。 3.Jack is ill. Have you heard about it? 杰克生病了。你聽說了嗎？ 4.Who is _? 那是誰？ _ my friend. 是我的朋友。 5._ a long way to the post office. 這兒離郵局很遠(yuǎn)。 6.Everything is prepared well, isn't _? 一切都準(zhǔn)備好了，不是嗎？7._ is very difficult to finish the task in such a short time

28、. 在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)很困難。 8.I found _impossible to get there on time. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)按時(shí)到那兒是不可能的。 9._ is no use learning these figures by heart. 記住這些數(shù)字沒有用。 10._ is five months since I smoked. 我已有5個(gè)月不吸煙了。 答案與簡(jiǎn)析：I. 1. C。句中l(wèi)ike為及物動(dòng)詞，后面需要跟賓語(yǔ)。like之后不可直接接從句作賓語(yǔ)。it可用于某些動(dòng)詞(如hate, appreciate等)之后構(gòu)成慣用法。2. D。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的狀語(yǔ)with

29、great joy。3. C?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，強(qiáng)調(diào)until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（從句）時(shí)，通常要把not置于  until之前。4. A?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是“特殊疑問詞+ is / was + it + that .?”。what在句中作say的賓語(yǔ)。5. B?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的狀語(yǔ)only with the help of the local guide。6. B。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的主語(yǔ)these poisonous products。7. D。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的狀語(yǔ)because of bad weather。8. A。第一空用that指代He was nearly drowned once. 這一過去發(fā)生的事情；第二空的it指代第一空的that。9. B。此處it指代前面的a new house。it指代上文提到的同一事物，為特指，而one通常指代同類事物中的某一個(gè)。10. C。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的狀