微摩擦論文基于光纖傳感器的微摩擦-微粘著測試儀性能研究

1、 微摩擦論文：基于光纖傳感器的微摩擦/微粘著測試儀性能研究【中文摘要】微摩擦/微粘著測試儀是針對微觀條件下摩擦及粘著現(xiàn)象開發(fā)的測試裝置,能夠有效測量微牛至毫牛范圍內(nèi)的摩擦力和粘著力,反映材料間的摩擦和粘著特性,為微機電系統(tǒng)中微摩擦磨損特性研究提供試驗手段。本文在先期研制的微摩擦/微粘著測試儀的基礎(chǔ)上,針對振動干擾影響較大和步進電機間歇運動等問題,對信號處理、步進電機控制和壓電陶瓷控制等問題進行了分析和研究,采用復(fù)合濾波、閉環(huán)控制和復(fù)合加載等方法對測試儀進行改進,進一步提高了儀器的測試精度和穩(wěn)定性,主要研究工作有：(1)采用鈹青銅為材料制作彈性敏感元件,并進行了有限元分析和標(biāo)定,優(yōu)化了元件的剛度

2、系數(shù)和輸入輸出線性,增強了測試儀的靈敏度。(2)對不同工況條件下的載荷及摩擦力電壓信號進行時域、頻域和小波分析,研究了噪聲和振動干擾信號特點,采用均值濾波、滑動濾波和小波去噪組成的復(fù)合濾波方法進行處理,有效地減弱了外界振動干擾和噪聲的影響。(3)分析了法向步進電機加載方式下的靜態(tài)及動態(tài)加載誤差,通過構(gòu)建PID閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)閉環(huán)加載控制,減少了加載誤差,提高了載荷加載精度。(4)研究了壓電陶瓷的遲滯和非線性等固有特性,在前饋開環(huán)控制誤差分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對壓電陶瓷采用位移閉環(huán)控制,獲得了較高的位移輸出精度。(5)采用步進電機和壓電陶瓷實現(xiàn)復(fù)合加載,滿足了不同加載要求,通過微摩擦力測試實驗和微粘著力

3、測試實驗,驗證了測試儀穩(wěn)定性和可靠性?！居⑽恼縏he Micro friction & Micro adhesion tester is a test device developed for friction and adhesion phenomenon under the microscopic condition, which can effective measure friction force and adhesive force in the range of Micro cattle and Backhoe cattle, also can reflect the

4、 properties of friction and adhesion among the materials. And it provides testing methods to micro friction attrition properties for MEMS (micro electro mechanical system).Based on the advance development of micro friction & micro adhesion tester, the paper analyzes and researches the problem of

5、 signal processing, stepping motor control and piezoelectric ceramic control, which is against to the problem of great influence of vibration and intermittent movement of stepping motor. It used methods of composite filtering、closed loop control and composite loading to improve the tester, which is

6、able to enhance the testing accuracy and stability. The main research work is showed as follows:(1) Use beryllium bronze for material produced elastic sensitive components; Process finite-element analysis and demarcation; Optimize the stiffness coefficient and in-out linear of component; Improve sen

7、sitivity of tester.(2) Analyze the frequency domain, time domain and wavelet for test signals of micro friction under of different working condition; According to signal characteristic, use the methods such as average filtering, sliding filter and wavelet de-noising for digital filtering, to filter

8、external vibration interference and noise.(3) Analyze the loading errors of static and dynamic with step-motor loading method; Construct the PID closed-loop control system to reduce loading errors and improve load precision.(4) Research on the retardation and non-linear characteristics of piezoelect

9、ric ceramic; Control piezoelectric ceramic by adopting the way of feed forward open loop and displacement closed loop; Acquire higher precision of displacement output.(5) Adopt the composite loading with the stepping motor and piezoelectric ceramic to satisfy the different loading acquirement; Take

10、the experiment of micro friction force test and micro adhesion force test to prove the stability and reliability of tester.【關(guān)鍵詞】微摩擦 微粘著 測試儀 復(fù)合加載 復(fù)合濾波【英文關(guān)鍵詞】Micro friction Micro adhesion Tester Complex loading Compound filter【目錄】基于光纖傳感器的微摩擦/微粘著測試儀性能研究摘要3-4ABSTRACT4-5第1章 緒論9-161.1 研究背景及意義91.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀9

11、-111.3 微摩擦/微粘著測試儀11-141.3.1 基本結(jié)構(gòu)11-121.3.2 測力單元121.3.3 進給單元12-131.3.4 測試系統(tǒng)13-141.4 本文研究內(nèi)容14-16第2章 信號分析與處理16-382.1 數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)16-192.1.1 軟件開發(fā)平臺16-172.1.2 光纖傳感器17-192.1.3 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡192.2 測試信號分析19-312.2.1 時域分析19-202.2.2 頻譜分析20-242.2.3 小波分析24-312.3 數(shù)字信號濾波31-372.3.1 均值濾波32-332.3.2 平滑濾波33-342.3.3 小波去噪34-372.4 本章小結(jié)3

12、7-38第3章 步進電機控制38-473.1 步進電機控制系統(tǒng)38-393.1.1 步進電機383.1.2 電機驅(qū)動器38-393.1.3 運動控制卡393.2 步進電機開環(huán)控制39-423.2.1 靜態(tài)加載誤差分析39-403.2.3 動態(tài)加載誤差分析40-423.3 步進電機閉環(huán)控制42-453.3.1 PID控制原理42-433.3.2 數(shù)字PID控制43-443.3.3 加載誤差分析44-453.4 本章小結(jié)45-47第4章 壓電陶瓷控制47-604.1 壓電陶瓷控制系統(tǒng)47-484.1.1 壓電陶瓷474.1.2 裝夾裝置47-484.1.3 驅(qū)動電源484.2 壓電陶瓷輸出特性48-514.2.1 工作原理48-494.2.2 基本特性49-504.2.3 輸出特性50-514.3 壓電陶瓷精確控制51-594.3.1 前饋開環(huán)控制52-