法語動詞變位（French verb modification）

1、法語動詞變位（French verb modification）直陳式現(xiàn)在時 present indicative變位方法.第一組動詞 (通常為.): 參見 love注意一些第一組動詞由于發(fā)音需要, 在變位時會有所變化.以 - outside, eter結(jié)尾的第一組動詞, 如appeler, throw, 在單數(shù)所有人稱, 以及復數(shù)第三人稱的變位中, 詞尾字母變?yōu)?"he", "tt".以 (, ger結(jié)尾的第一組動詞, 如commencer, eat, 在復數(shù)第一人稱時詞尾應改為? ons, conduct.以 - yesterday, oyer, u

2、yer結(jié)尾的第一組動詞, 如essayer, send 在單數(shù)所有人稱, 以及復數(shù)第三人稱的變位中, 詞尾字母由y變?yōu)閕 bore.第二組動詞 (通常為 ir) 參見 finish例外: go out, run, open, go, sleep 等第三組動詞: 不規(guī)則變化.直陳式復合過去時 用于表示過去已經(jīng)完成的動作或某一已經(jīng)完成的動作是發(fā)生在多少時間內(nèi)的 (indicative tense).ex:he's out.he worked the whole afternoon.變位方法.由助動詞avoir或être的直陳式現(xiàn)在時加上動詞的過去分詞.當使用 être作

3、為助動詞時, 注意與主語進行性數(shù)配合 are parties.提示.對于 "必須" 或者 "可以" 用être作為助動詞的單詞, 法語助手會在該動詞的 "變位說明" 加以說明, 未說明的動詞只能使用avoir作為助動詞.下列常用動詞使用être作為助動詞.go, come, come, come out.下列常用動詞可以使用avoir或être作為助動詞, 但表達的意義不同.go, go, go, go直陳式未完成過去時 主要用于表示過去未完成的動作 (indicative imperfect).變位方法

4、: 將該動詞現(xiàn)在時第一人稱復數(shù)的詞尾 ons 去除, 添加相應的詞尾.i havedo you havehe / she hasthe ionyou likelythey should have例外: être不符合上面的規(guī)則.直陳式俞過去時 (indicative past perfect) 表示某個動作在另一個過去的動作開始之前已經(jīng)完成, 常用于復合句.when i arrived, he had finished his work.與簡單將來時配合用于si引導的條件從句.if i had money, i would have bought that house.變位方法.由助

5、動詞avoir或être的未完成過去時加上動詞的過去分詞.當使用 être作為助動詞時, 注意與主語進行性數(shù)配合.提示.對于 "必須" 或者 "可以" 用être作為助動詞的單詞, 法語助手會在該動詞的 "變位說明" 加以說明, 未說明的動詞只能使用avoir作為助動詞.下列常用動詞使用être作為助動詞.go, come, come, come out.下列常用動詞可以使用avoir或être作為助動詞, 但表達的意義不同.go, go, go, go直陳式簡單過去時 表示在過去某一

6、確定時間內(nèi)已經(jīng)完成的動作 (indicative past tense).變位方法.除去某些特殊情況外, 在動詞詞根后加上以下詞尾.第一組動詞.i havedo you havehe / she hasour soulsyou saidthey do show some第二組動詞.what iswhat ishe / she / itwe -? mydo you do? yourthey went to.第三組動詞.i - usyou ushe / she maywe -? mydo you do? yourthey - people下列單詞的變位較特殊.here,直陳式先過去時 (indic

7、ative past 表示發(fā)生在另一過去動作之前的動作, 但兩個動作之間距離較近 prior).變位方法.由助動詞avoir或être的簡單過去時加上動詞的過去分詞.當使用 être作為助動詞時, 注意與主語進行性數(shù)配合.提示.對于 "必須" 或者 "可以" 用être作為助動詞的單詞, 法語助手會在該動詞的 "變位說明" 加以說明.Unspecified verbs can only use avoir as a verb.The use of TRE as the common verb verb:A

8、ller, sortir, arriver, venir, entrerThe following verbs can use avoir or tre as the auxiliary verb, but different meaning.Sortir, rentrer, descendre, monterIndicatif future simple (Indicatif Future Simple) said the action or state will occurDisplacement method:First, second groups of verbs: in the i

9、nfinitive after adding the suffix:JE -aiTu -asIl/elle -aNous -onsVous -ezIls/elles -ontIn third groups of -re at the end of the first to get rid of the verb suffix -e plus the suffix.Pay attention to the special changes in the following words:The avoir, tre, Aller, faire, courir, voir, pouvoir.L'

10、;indicatif first future (Indicatif Ant Future rieur) said another future action first step completed actions.Displacement method:The future simple verb avoir or tre with the past participle of the verb.When using the tre as a verb, with the attention and the subject of the number of.Prompt：The "

11、;must" or "can" use the tre as the auxiliary word "assistant" in the French verb "change" to illustrate, unspecified verbs can only use avoir as a verb.The use of TRE as the common verb verb:Aller, sortir, arriver, venir, entrerThe following verbs can use avoir or

12、tre as the auxiliary verb, but different meaning.Sortir, rentrer, descendre, monterNow when the Subjonctif virtual Pr sentA method for the first group and the second group of verbs, remove the narrative now when the third person plural suffix suffix -ent, add the following:JE -eTu -esIl/elle -eNous

13、-ionsVous -iezIls/elle -entVirtual Subjonctif past PassA method by virtual auxiliary avoir or tre plus the past participle of the verb.When using the tre as a verb, with the attention and the subject of the number of.Prompt：The "must" or "can" use the tre as the auxiliary word &q

14、uot;assistant" in the French verb "change" to illustrate, unspecified verbs can only use avoir as a verb.The use of TRE as the common verb verb:Aller, sortir, arriver, venir, entrerThe following verbs can use avoir or tre as the auxiliary verb, but different meaning.Sortir, rentrer, d

15、escendre, monterVirtual incomplete last tense Subjonctif ImparfaitA method by direct Chen simple past tense second person singular suffix removed ("I" or "s"), add the following suffix formJE -sseTu -ssesIl/elle - t?Nous -ssionsVous -ssiezIls/elles -ssentHint: the subjunctive ten

16、se of the second verbs and the virtual tense, the last tense, the third person, the singular, and the rest are the same.Virtual Yu past Subjonctif Plus-que-parfaitA method by virtual auxiliary avoir or tre did not complete the past and the past participle of the verb.When using the tre as a verb, wi

17、th the attention and the subject of the number of.Prompt：The "must" or "can" use the tre as the auxiliary word "assistant" in the French verb "change" to illustrate, unspecified verbs can only use avoir as a verb.The use of TRE as the common verb verb:Aller, s

18、ortir, arriver, venir, entrerThe following verbs can use avoir or tre as the auxiliary verb, but different meaning.Sortir, rentrer, descendre, monterNow when the conditions (Conditionnel Pr sent) tone mildly desire, requests for said independent sentence, compound sentence that may occur for an assu

19、med conditions, for example: Si j'tais vous, JE ferais autrement.Displacement method:The future consists of simple root and the suffix:JE -aisTu -aisIl/elle -aitNous -ionsVous -iezIls/elles -aientConditional tense (Conditionnel Pass)A method consists of a verb avoir or 'tre' conditional

20、now with the past participle of the verb.When using the tre as a verb, with the attention and the subject of the number of.Prompt：The "must" or "can" use the tre as the auxiliary word "assistant" in the French verb "change" to illustrate, unspecified verbs can

21、 only use avoir as a verb.The use of TRE as the common verb verb:Aller, sortir, arriver, venir, entrerThe following verbs can use avoir or tre as the auxiliary verb, but different meaning.Sortir, rentrer, descendre, monterCommand now (Imp e ratif Pr e sent) expression commands, prohibition of subjec

22、tive attitude.A method: command only the first person singular and second person singular and plural forms of three kinds of displacement, displacement in narrative form usually present the same.Note: for the first set of verbs and -er ending verbs, the second person singular imperative need to remo

23、ve the suffix -s: for example Parler - Tu parles - parle!Command (Imp e ratif Pass e past)Methods: a command only past first person singular and second person singular and plural forms of three kinds of displacement, composed of the auxiliary verb avoir or the tre command now with the past participle of the verb.When using the tre as a verb, with the attention and the subject of the number of. -Prompt：The "must" or "can" use the tre as the auxiliary wo