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1、非謂語動(dòng)詞-過去分詞的用法 過去分詞作過去分詞作定語定語,表示分詞動(dòng)作與所表示分詞動(dòng)作與所修飾的名詞之間存在修飾的名詞之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系。單一。單一的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前名詞之前;過去分詞短語作定語放在被過去分詞短語作定語放在被修飾之后修飾之后,過去分詞及過去分詞短語作過去分詞及過去分詞短語作定語均可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)定語從句。定語均可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)定語從句。動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語形式作定語 及物動(dòng)詞的及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語 除表示除表示“完成完成”的動(dòng)作之外的動(dòng)作之外, 還表示還表示“被動(dòng)被動(dòng)”的意義。如:的意義。如: spo

2、ken English ;iced beer ;cooked food ; fried chips ; 不及物動(dòng)詞的不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞常表示過去分詞常表示“完成完成”的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作, 而不表示而不表示“被動(dòng)被動(dòng)”意義。如意義。如: boiled water; fallen leaves ,the risen sun等。等。 1. The tall man is a returned student 2. My parents are both retired teachers The ground is covered by _ (fall) leaves.fallen Past Partic

3、iple used as attributeShe is drinking _ (boil) water.boiledShe is drinking the water which was boiled. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語時(shí),在意思形式作定語時(shí),在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎? (=that has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a

4、 success 這次會(huì)議有很多人出席這次會(huì)議有很多人出席, 開得很成功。開得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.terrified peoplepeople who are terrifiedreserved seatsseats which are reservedpolluted waterwater that is polluteda crowded rooma room that is crowdeda plea

5、sed winnera winner who is pleased Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A.invited B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited 2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written C. being written D.

6、 written3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 5) Mr. Smith,

7、_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 過去分詞作過去分詞作表語表語, 表示主語的狀態(tài)表示主語的狀態(tài), 且該狀態(tài)且該狀態(tài)通常是由外界因素引起的。這時(shí)過去分詞可以被通常是由外界因素引起的。這時(shí)過去分詞可以被看作一個(gè)形容詞看作一個(gè)形容詞, 是形容詞化的過去分詞。是形容詞化的過去分詞。如如: Im interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong. When we hea

8、rd of it, we were deeply moved He seemed quite delighted at the idea 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語形式作表語常見的作表語的過去分詞有常見的作表語的過去分詞有:amused(愉快的愉快的); broken(碎了的碎了的);closed(關(guān)閉的關(guān)閉的); astonished(吃驚的吃驚的);crowded(擁擠的擁擠的); experienced(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的); delighted(高興的高興的); lost(丟失的丟失的);gone(遺失的遺失的); disappointed(失望的失望的);worried(擔(dān)憂的擔(dān)憂的);

9、 interested(感興趣的感興趣的) tired(疲勞的疲勞的) pleased(高興的高興的);satisfied(滿意的滿意的); surprised(吃驚的吃驚的); married(已婚的已婚的); known(著名的著名的) 等等等等 作表語的作表語的-ed形式可被形式可被much, very, quite等所等所修飾。修飾。 I was very pleased at the news 聽了這消息我很高興。聽了這消息我很高興。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厭倦這工作。他十分厭倦這工作。 He seemed quite delighted

10、 at the idea. 聽了這想法他似乎很高興。聽了這想法他似乎很高興。 Past Participle used as predicativeThe shop is _(close).closedCleaning women in big cities usually get _ (pay) by the hour.paidThere are two glasses which are _ (break).brokenThere are two broken glasses.astonished childrenchildren who look astonisheda broken v

11、asea vase that is brokena closed doora door that is closeda trapped animalan animal that is trappedthe tired audiencethe audience who feel tiredComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.1) As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed2)

12、 The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 能用作能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般都的過去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞, ,表示表示“被動(dòng)被動(dòng)”或或“完成完成”意意義,作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏義,作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 She found the door broken in when she came ba

13、ckMy grandfather had his old house rebuilt(1) (1) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語, ,這類動(dòng)詞包括這類動(dòng)詞包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等等。I have never heard him spoken ill of by others. 我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。She felt a great weight taken off her mind 她覺

14、得心里輕松了些。她覺得心里輕松了些。They considered the matter settled 他們認(rèn)為這問題解決了。他們認(rèn)為這問題解決了。 (2) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)形式可作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ) 足語足語, 這類動(dòng)詞包括這類動(dòng)詞包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。等。 I have my hair cut once a month 我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。 He was trying to make himself understood 他正努力使別人聽懂自己。他正努力使別人聽懂自己。She held her ha

15、nds pressed against her face. 她用雙手按著臉。她用雙手按著臉。 She had her house repaired 她請(qǐng)人把屋子修好了。她請(qǐng)人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪兒理的發(fā)你在哪兒理的發(fā)? “have+賓語賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義: 遭遇某種意外情況。遭遇某種意外情況。 He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yeste

16、rday. 昨天她的錢包被偷了。昨天她的錢包被偷了。 完成某事完成某事 ( (自己也可能參與自己也可能參與) )。 I have had all my spelling mistakes I have had all my spelling mistakes correctedcorrected 我把所有的拼寫錯(cuò)誤都改正了。我把所有的拼寫錯(cuò)誤都改正了。 He has had one thousand He has had one thousand yuanyuan saved this saved this yearyear 他今年已存了他今年已存了10001000元。元。 (3) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-

17、ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命形式可作表示希望、要求、命 令等動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞包括令等動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞包括 like,want, wish, expect, order等等”這一類這一類 動(dòng)詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。動(dòng)詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting 他不喜歡在會(huì)議上討論這樣的問題。他不喜歡在會(huì)議上討論這樣的問題。 The students wish the TV serial plays continued 學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。(4) 過

18、去分詞用在過去分詞用在“with+賓語賓語+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)”這一這一結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中, 過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden 周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花, 他的房子看他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。上就像一座漂亮的花園。 1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _

19、, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed2) The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. played3) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out4

20、) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired 過去分詞作過去分詞作狀語狀語可表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、可表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等意義。原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等意義。過去過去分詞狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句分詞狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句, 若過去分詞作若過去分詞作狀語狀語,句子的主語與分詞所表示的動(dòng)作構(gòu)句子的主語與分詞所表示的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, 即是該分詞動(dòng)

21、作的承受者。即是該分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。China PavilionWhen China Pavilion is seen from the distance, itlooks like a Chinese crown(皇冠皇冠). When seen from the distance, China Pavilion looks like a Chinese crown. Footprints 東方足跡東方足跡 Because the trees were decorated with colorful lights, they made an excellent impression on u

22、s.Because decorated with colorful lights, the trees made an excellent impression on us If we are given a chance to go on a trip by railcar, called “tour of wisdom”, we should treasure it. The Dialogue 尋覓之旅尋覓之旅If given a chance to go on a trip by railcar, called “tour of wisdom”, we should treasure i

23、t.We entered Section 3 low carbon exhibition, as we were followed by a group of beautiful girl models. The Vision 低碳行動(dòng)低碳行動(dòng)Followed by a group of beautiful girl models, We entered Section 3 low carbon exhibition.What we felt after the tripThough we were exhausted, we spent a meaningful and unforgetta

24、ble time in it. Though exhausted, we spent a meaningful and unforgettable time in it. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given3. _ with the si

25、ze of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 4. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conf

26、erence. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited6. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 7._for his expert advice, Holmes was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs. A. He

27、was known B. Well known C. Having known D. Been known 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別: : 在定語中在定語中 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語常表示現(xiàn)在分詞作定語常表示“主動(dòng)主動(dòng)”和和“進(jìn)行進(jìn)行”, ,過去分詞則常表示過去分詞則常表示 “ “被動(dòng)被動(dòng)”和和“完成完成”; ;被修飾的名詞一般是現(xiàn)在分被修飾的名詞一般是現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語詞的邏輯主語, ,是過去分詞的邏輯賓語。是過去分詞的邏輯賓語。I know the man standing there. 主動(dòng)主動(dòng)Is there anything planned for tonight? 被

28、動(dòng)被動(dòng)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞: : 表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過去分詞過去分詞: : 表示完成的意思表示完成的意思 the rising sun正在升起的太陽正在升起的太陽 the risen sun 已經(jīng)升起的太陽已經(jīng)升起的太陽 the falling leaves正在落下的葉子正在落下的葉子 the fallen leaves落葉(已經(jīng)完成落葉(已經(jīng)完成) boiling water沸騰的水沸騰的水 boiled water開水開水 過去分詞和過去分詞和V-ing形式都可以看做一個(gè)形形式都可以看做一個(gè)形容詞,但是:容詞,但是:表主動(dòng)的表主動(dòng)的, 進(jìn)行的,進(jìn)行的, -含有含有“令人令人”

29、之意之意 表被動(dòng)的表被動(dòng)的, 完成的,完成的, -含有含有“感到感到”之意之意 V-ing形式形式過去分詞過去分詞 在表語中在表語中At the sight of the _scene, all the people present were _ to tears.看到這么動(dòng)人的情景看到這么動(dòng)人的情景, 所有所有在場的人都感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。在場的人都感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。movemovedmovingWe get _ when we see this _ picture.excitedexcitingexciteamusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; d

30、isappointing, disappointed; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; astonishing, astonished 等。等。英語中這樣的分詞還有很多英語中這樣的分詞還有很多, 如:如:注意注意: 作表語的過去分詞表示作表語的過去分詞表示狀態(tài)狀態(tài),構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞表示構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞表示動(dòng)作動(dòng)作:The book is well written. (表語表語)The book was written by a soldier. (被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)

31、) 在在 賓語補(bǔ)足語中賓語補(bǔ)足語中 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語,被補(bǔ)足的賓語或被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯主語主語是它的邏輯主語(即主動(dòng)關(guān)系即主動(dòng)關(guān)系);過去過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語分詞作補(bǔ)足語,被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯賓語它的邏輯賓語(即被動(dòng)關(guān)系即被動(dòng)關(guān)系)。如如: I heard someone calling me. I heard my name called. 我聽見有人喊我。我聽見有人喊我。 在狀語中在狀語中 過去分詞作狀語與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別過去分詞作狀語與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別在于在于: 過去分詞與句子主語構(gòu)成過去分詞與句子主語構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, 而而

32、現(xiàn)在分詞與句子主語構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞與句子主語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系主謂關(guān)系。Seeing from the top of the hill , we find the city beautiful .Seen from the top of the hill , the city is very beautiful .1. _ (污染的污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health.2. The problem _ (在會(huì)議上在會(huì)議上討論的討論的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.Polluteddiscussed

33、at the meeting完成句子。完成句子。3. He became _ (興奮興奮) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.4. I am _ (感興趣感興趣) in the story.5. I havent got the film _ (沖沖洗洗)yet.6. Do you know the man _ (站站) beside the door?excitedinteresteddevelopedstanding 7. John Snow told the story about the _ (ast

34、onish) people in Broad Street. 8. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldnt come. 9. There is a car _ (park) outside the house. astonishedinvitedparked 10. The experience _ (gain) will be of great value to us.11. These seats are _ (reserve) for you.12. The library is _ (close) on weekends.1

35、3. Dont drink the _ (pollute) water.14. The _ (worry) mother looked at her_ (worry) son, looking _(worry). gainedreservedclosedpollutedworriedworryingworried9. From the dates _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been m

36、arked10. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry11. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried

37、12. Friendship is like money easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept13. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known14. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door _. A. leaving;

38、unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking15. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to looks16. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recor

39、ded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded19. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home_. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 20. He tried to _ in Japanese. A. understand himself B. make himself understanding C. make himself understood D. mak

40、e to understand He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. having noted B. noted C. to note D. noting22. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing23. The flower

41、s _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt24. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding25. _ time, hell make a first class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given26. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the stude

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