非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞圖表

1、非謂語(yǔ) 在句中充當(dāng)除謂語(yǔ)以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分為三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名 詞和分詞（分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞）邏輯主語(yǔ)與真正主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)出者，即真正主語(yǔ)。 邏輯主語(yǔ)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或者承受者。 構(gòu)成非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句型的首要條件：邏輯主語(yǔ)與真正主語(yǔ)一致。To acquire knowledge , you must study 解析：條件：此句真正主語(yǔ)： you 邏輯主語(yǔ)： you 主語(yǔ)一致。結(jié)論：可構(gòu)成非謂語(yǔ)句型非謂語(yǔ)使用條件 一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）,又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下She got off the bus but left her

2、 handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式句法功能比較功能種類(lèi)主賓表定狀補(bǔ)不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：區(qū)別舉例不 定 式不定式做主語(yǔ)常表示某次具體的行為或?qū)?lái)的 動(dòng)作。不定式做主語(yǔ)，一般用 it 當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，把作主 語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)后置。To visit China is my next goal.It took me only five minutes to finish the job.動(dòng) 名 詞動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)往往表示泛指的、一般的行為 ;Climbing m

3、ountains is great fun. It' s nice seeing you again.1. a language requires time and effort.A. Learn B. Learning C. To learnD. Being learned2. It is not always easy invitations.A. to refuse B. refusingC. to be refused D. being refused3. How the problem will be discussed at tomorrow ' s meeting

4、.A. to solve B. to be solved C. being solved D. solving4. It forty-five minutes there by bus.A. cost, to getB. takes, gettingC. takes, to getD. takes, to get to5. It is no good . You should give.A. to smoke, it upB. smoking, it up C. smoking, up itD. to smoke, up it做賓語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較情況常用動(dòng)詞只接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞agree

5、（同意） , ask （請(qǐng)、要） , attempt （試圖） , afford 付得起 agree 同意 ask 要求apply 申 請(qǐng) care （想要 ） , choose （決定、要） , decide （決定） , desire （希望） , determine （ 決心） , help 幫 助 expect （ 期望 ） , fail （ 未能 ） , hope （ 希望 ） , intend （ 打算 ） , learn （ 學(xué)習(xí) ） , manage （ 設(shè)法 ） , offer （愿意 ） , plan （計(jì)劃、打算 ） , pretend （假裝 ） , refuse （拒

6、絕、謝絕 ） , wish （希望 ） , promise （ 答應(yīng)）， want （想要）等等。只接動(dòng)名詞做 賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或 短語(yǔ)admit 承認(rèn) advise 建議 allow 允許 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 consider 考慮 delay 推遲 deny 否認(rèn) discuss 討論 dislike 不喜歡 enjoy 喜愛(ài) escape 逃脫 excuse 原諒 fancy 設(shè)想 finish 完成 forbid 禁止 forgive 原諒 give up 放棄 imagine 想象 keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 沒(méi)趕上 pardo

7、n 原諒 permit 允許 practice 練習(xí) prevent 阻止 prohibit 禁止 put off 推遲 risk 冒險(xiǎn) stop 停止 suggest 建議be addicted to 沉溺于；對(duì)上癮 devote oneself to doing sth./be devoted to 獻(xiàn)身于做某事 / 專心致力于做某事把 be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能勝任做某事 object to doing sth 反對(duì)做某事 pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 be used to doing sth/ be accustome

8、d to doing 習(xí)慣于 做某事 get down to doing sth 開(kāi)始做某事，認(rèn)真處理某事 look forward to doing sth 盼望做 某事 make contributions to 對(duì)作貢獻(xiàn)兩者都可 以意義基 本相同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（ 接不定式多指具體的動(dòng)作 , 接動(dòng)名詞多指一般 或習(xí)慣行為 ）need, want, require （接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式）意義不 同forget/remember doing/having done 記得還是忘了

9、以前曾經(jīng)做的事 forget/remember to do 還未做 regret doing sth. 對(duì)做過(guò)的某事表示后悔 regret to say, 很抱歉的mean to do, 打算作某事； mean doing, 意味著 try to do , 盡力作某事； try doing 嘗試著作某事 want / need/ require doing sth, 表示被動(dòng) 等于 want/need/require to be done like/ hate doing, 經(jīng)常性的 like/ hate to do, 特定的某一次 be/get used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事 us

10、ed to do 過(guò)去經(jīng)常做某事 be used to do 被用來(lái)做 can ' t help doing=can' t help忍 bu不t d住o做 某事can't help （ to） do不 能幫助做某事 stop doing 停止正在做著的某事 stop to do 停下來(lái)做別的事情 （to do 是目的狀語(yǔ) ） go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事 go on to do 接著干別的事情1. He gave us some advice on how English.A. learning B. learnedC. to learn D. learn2

11、. It ' s a pay day, and they are waiting .A. pay B. paying C. paidD. to be paid3. I don 't know whether you happen, but I 'm going to study in the this September .A to be heardB. to be hearingC to hearD. to have heard4. I forgot my name when I finished the composition.A. to sign, to writ

12、ing B. to sign, writingC. signing, writing5. -You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting.-Well, now I regret that.A. to do B. to be doingC. to have done D. having done6. She can' t help the house because she ' s busy making a cake.A. to cleanB. cleaningC. cleanedD. being clean

13、ed非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：區(qū)別舉例不定式表示將來(lái)某一次時(shí)常用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.動(dòng)名詞表示經(jīng)常性時(shí)常用動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)。My hobby is collecting/ to collect ancient coins.現(xiàn)在分詞-ing 形容詞，令人 .的； -ed 形容詞，令人感到 .的， 有被動(dòng)意味。interesting-interested,exciting-excited, delighting-delighted,disappointing-disappointed, pleasing-pleas

14、ed,puzzling-puzzled, satisfying-satisfied, surprising-surprised, Worrying-worriedThe party was very exciting.They were very excited at the news 過(guò)去分詞1. Her wish is an engineer.A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come people ' s greatest pleasure is .A. fishing B. to fishC. to be fishing D

15、. being fish3. The report was so _A. inspiring, excitingC. inspired, excited4. - “You look pale.”-“ I feel a littlethat they were all _B. inspiring, excitedD. inspired, excitingA. tire B. tired C. tiring D. tiresome非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：區(qū)別舉例不定式表將來(lái)特定某一次，用動(dòng)詞不定式。I have a lot of papers to type.動(dòng)名詞通常指被修飾詞的用途，無(wú)邏輯上的

16、任何關(guān)系Shall we go to the swimming pool a washing machine （動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)， = a machine which is used for washing ） 洗衣機(jī)現(xiàn)在分 詞如果構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系， （有時(shí)還表正在進(jìn)行） 用現(xiàn)在分詞；The boiling water / the boiled waterThe developing country/the developed countryThe falling leaves / the fallen leaves過(guò)去分 詞如果構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系， （已完成），用過(guò)去分詞；1. She said she

17、had a important meeting .A. to attend in B. to attendC. attendD. attending2. He is always the first questions.A. to answerB. answeringC. to be answeredD. being answered3. The Olympic Games in the year 2016 will be a great success.A. being heldB. to be heldC. heldD. to hold4. The first textbooks for

18、teaching English as a foreignlanguage came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written5. At present, English is the main subject here.A. to be taught B. being taughtC. teaching D. to be teaching6. -"Who are those people with the banner"-"A grou

19、p itself the League for peace."A. calling B. calls C. called D. is called7. The pen belongs to me.A. which it is on the tableB. lying on the tableC. is on the tableD. which on the table非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念例句不定式可表示目的，結(jié)果，原因。They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.His family was too

20、 poor to support him. We are glad to hear the news.現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作就是句 子主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。He went out shutting the door behind him.過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng) 作，它們之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.1. I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry .A. for leaving B. o

21、f leavingC. to leave D. left2. I went to see him him out.A. finding B. findC. only to findD. only found3. the cry for help, people immediately rushedout of the rooms.A. To hearB. HearingC. Having heard D. They hearing4. Hello, he reached out his hand.A. SaidB. SayingC. Talked aboutD. Talking to5. fr

22、om the tallest building, the whole city looks verybeautiful.A. SeeB. Saw C. SeeingD. Seen6. the past, our life is much better.A. Comparing withB. Be compared withC. To compare withD. Compared with非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念例句不定式ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作將

23、發(fā)生或 已經(jīng)完成。I heard him call me several times.have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make現(xiàn)在分詞notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel主謂關(guān)系。 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行， 尚未完成I found her listening to the radio.過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)We found the village greatly changed.1. The doctor advised Lao Li more rest.A. tha

24、t he get B. to getC. would getD. get2. Soon they saw the boy in the crowd.A. disappear B. to disappearC. disappears D. disappeared3. Birds are seldom heard at night.A. singB. singingC. to singD. to be singing4. He kept me for many hours.A. to waitB. having been waitedC. waitingD. waited5. Mother cau

25、ght the boy in the corner.A. smokeB. to smokeC. smoking D. being smoked6. Having read the Emperor's New Clothes, we all found it _.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest7. I need this chapter before tomorrow.A. rewritingB. rewrittenC. rewriteD. to write again8. When she returned ho

26、me, she found the window open and something .A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen9. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself .A. being heardB. heard C. hearingD. hear非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)：不定式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系一般式To doTo be done動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后進(jìn)行式To be doing與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式To have doneTo have bee

27、n done動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系一般式DoingBeing done與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式Having doingHaving been done動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系一般式DoingBeing done與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式Having doneHaving been done動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前1.around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird' s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.A. Havin

28、g shownB. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To show2. 【2012 重慶】 to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To askC. Having asked D. To be asked3【. 2008 福建】_ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.A. Waiting

29、B. To waitC. Having WaitedD. To have waitedson pretended when I came back.A. to sleepB. sleepingC. being sleeping D. to be sleeping5. 【2011 上?！?Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing b,u t we seem the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost

30、is the man now ？A. operating onC. being operated onB. operated onD. to be operated onquestion now at the meeting is not the question yesterday.A. discussed; discussedB. discussing; had discussedC. being discussed; discussedD. discussing; discussingasked _ to work in the countryside.A. to be sent B.

31、to sendC. to be sending D. sendinga letter, he decided to send a telegram.A. Not receivingB. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received10The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not making D. do not make 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它獨(dú)立存在。2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系。3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow The test finished, we began our holiday.With a lot of things to do, he is quite busy.With those noises upstairs,