高中英語語法-名詞性從句-全(共3頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高中語法之名詞性從句一，復(fù)習(xí)句型1，主+系+表Li Lei is a Chinese boy. （ Li Lei 是名詞，作主語。） 2，主+VI(+介+賓)He arrived. (arrive 就是不及物動詞。)3，主+VT+賓He enjoys music.(enjoy 是及物動詞，賓語為music)二，名詞性從句的概念句子中的從句部分，作用相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。三，名詞性從句的分類主語從句What you said sounds reasonable.表語從句This is what I was asked to do.賓語從句N

2、obody knows who broke the glass.同位從句The idea that well go out for a picnic is great.四，that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句6、 名詞性that-從句1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當(dāng)主 語、賓語、表語、同位語和形容詞賓語。主語：That she is still alive is her luck.她還活著全靠運氣。 賓語：John said that he was leaving for L

3、ondon on Wednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。 表語：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事實是近來誰也沒有見過他。 同位語：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近來誰也沒有見過他，這一事實令辦公室所有的人不安。 形容詞賓語：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你對工作滿意我感到很高興。 2）That-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that

4、-從句置于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。 Its a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。 用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系： a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句 It is necessary that有必要 It is important that重要的是 It is obvious that很明顯 b. It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句 It

5、is believed that人們相信 It is known to all that眾所周知 It has been decided that已決定 c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句 It is common knowledge that是常識 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是 It is a fact that事實是 d. It +不及物動詞+ that-從句 It appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起 七、名詞性wh-從句1）由wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從

6、句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語、賓語補語和間接賓語等，例如： 主語： How the book will sell depends on its author.書銷售如何取決于作者本人。 直接賓語：In ones own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以隨心所欲。 間接賓語：The club will give who

7、ever wins a prize. 俱樂部將給得勝者設(shè)獎。 表語： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。 賓語補足語：She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。 同位語：I have no idea when he will return. 我不知道他什么時候回來。 形容詞賓語：Im not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的

8、邀請。 介詞賓語：That depends on where we shall go. 那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?2） Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語，而將wh-從句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job. 還沒決定誰做這項工作。 It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他們何時結(jié)婚依然不明。 八if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句1）yes-no型疑問從句從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，因此也分別被稱為ye

9、s-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同， 例如： 主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有待證實。 賓語：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。 表語：The point is whether we should lend him the money.問題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。 同位語：They are investigating the

10、question whether the man is trustworthy.他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。 形容詞賓語： Shes doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。 介詞賓語： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。 2）選擇性疑問從句選擇性疑問從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whetheror或whetheror not構(gòu)成，例如： Please tell me whether / if they are

11、 Swedish or Danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。 I dont care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。 if和whether的區(qū)別： 1、 在動詞不定式之前只能用whether 。 I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。 2、 在whether or not 的固定搭配中。 I want to know whether its good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。 3 、在介詞后，只能用whether。His father is worri

12、ed about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔(dān)心是否會失去工作。 4、 賓語從句放在句首表示強調(diào)時，只能用whether 。Whether this is true or not, I really dont know. 這是否真的，我真的不知道。 3、 （例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能準(zhǔn)時完成這項工作還是個問題。此例為主語從句，有誤，感謝指出） 5、 用if會引起歧義時，只用whether。如： Could you tell me if you

13、know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義. 九, whoever 和 whatever 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句whoever引導(dǎo)主，賓從句=anyone who-whatever引導(dǎo)主，賓從句=anything that-Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks.(2011安徽卷28)=Anything that is left over

14、 may be put into the refrigerator, where it will keep for two or three weeks.Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.任何在這樣的大雨中行走得人都會患感冒。=Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.（主語從句）I will give the ticket to whoever is interested in music.我將把票給對音樂感興趣的人。= I will give the ticket to anyone who is interested in music.(賓語從句)注意區(qū)別：Who will go makes no difference.（主語從句）I dont know who will do it.(賓語從句)以上兩句中的who不能換成anyone whowhoever引導(dǎo)狀語從句時等