初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解練習(xí)及答案

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、 考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧【詞匯辨析】1. across, through 穿過(guò) across指從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊。動(dòng)作是在物體的表面進(jìn)行。常用于橫穿街道、河流，穿過(guò)橋梁等。eg: They walk across the bridge. 他們步行走過(guò)了這座橋。through 側(cè)重從物體的內(nèi)部空間穿過(guò)，動(dòng)作是在物體內(nèi)部進(jìn)行。常用于門(mén)、窗戶(hù)、森林等。eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿過(guò)公園。 2. ill，sick“生病的”。ill只在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ) eg: Her mother was ill in bed. sick 既可作表語(yǔ) eg:

2、Her mother was sick in bed.    也可作定語(yǔ) eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother. 若ill作定語(yǔ)，譯為“壞的，惡劣的” eg: an ill person一個(gè)壞人sick作表語(yǔ)時(shí)也常譯為“惡心的，想吐的“eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】 動(dòng)詞+ 名詞/ 代詞/ 副詞+ 介詞make room for給.騰出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table.pl

3、ay a joke on戲弄人；對(duì)人惡作劇 eg: We cant play a joke on law.speak highly of稱(chēng)贊 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to告別；告辭 eg: I don't want to say good bye to them.take an active part in積極參加 eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of照顧；照料；注意 eg: Coul

4、d you take care of my plants while I'm on vacation?【被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)】（一）語(yǔ)態(tài)：英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese. 謂語(yǔ)：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)many people來(lái)執(zhí)行的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者。（二）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)

5、成。人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的?，F(xiàn)以speak為例說(shuō)明被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：amisarespoken一般過(guò)去時(shí)：waswerespoken一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willshall bespoken現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：amisare beingspoken過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were beingspoken現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：havehas beenspoken過(guò)去完成時(shí)：had been + spoken（三）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。

6、（不知道是誰(shuí)偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。This book was written by him.這本書(shū)是他寫(xiě)的。Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時(shí)完成。（四）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法（1）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。（2）把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（be過(guò)去分詞） （根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)

7、態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式）。（3）把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如：All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him.（五）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí)，由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成We can repair this w

8、atch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.（六）特殊情況1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV . I am never let to watch TV by mother.3.Jack gav

9、e Peter a Christmas present just now. （1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. （2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought.）that.大家同意（相信、決定、希望、認(rèn)為）.It is(was)well known that.眾所周知It is(was)taken for granted that.被視為

10、當(dāng)然It must be remembered that.務(wù)必記住.It mustnt be forgotten that.千萬(wàn)別忘記.It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that.據(jù)說(shuō)(報(bào)道、聽(tīng)說(shuō)、告知、建議.)二、典型例題 （ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d（ ）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Ch

11、inese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given（ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught（ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as "People's Writer". A.

12、is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards（ ）5. Usually computers _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used（ ）6. -Do you often clean your classroom? -Yes. Our classroom _every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned（ ）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terr

13、ible? 一YesIn fact，it _.That's all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas po11ute（ ）8. -Our environment is getting worse than before. -You're right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保護(hù))the e

14、arth since Earth Day.A. is started B. was started C. has started（ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations!A. choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen（ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden Aplant Bplanted Ch

15、ave planted Dwere planted（ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown（ ）12. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives（ ）13.-Great changes have tak

16、en place in this city. -Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. turned upB. put up C. shown up D. fixed up（ ）14.Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed（ ）15. Do you often clean your classroom?     Yes, our

17、classroom _ every day. A. clean         B. cleans    C. is cleaned     D. Cleaned三、課后練習(xí)（ ）1Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.    Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. A. dont tell &

18、#160;      B. didnt tell      C. havent told     D. wasnt told（ ）2Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled downC. will pull down D. are pulled down（

19、 ）3- My watch _. - Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost & Found. A. is lost B. is broken C. has found D. has stopped（ ）4-Did you go to Sams weekend party? -No, I_. A. am not invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite（ ）5- How often _ your school sports meeting _? - Once a year.A. does; h

20、old B. was; hold C. is; held D. did; hold（ ）6On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was sold （ ）7The "Thousand- hand Guanyin" _ by many people as the best performance at CCTV's Spring Festival Ev

21、ening. A. has been regarded B. are regarded C. has regarded D. regards（ ）8Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. Yes, they _ in Hangzhou. A. paintedB. were painting C. were painted D. had painted（ ）9-Dont litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign: “Rubbish into the dustbin.” -Sorry. A, ha

22、s throw B, was throw C, must throw D , must be thrown（ ）10The 29th 0lympic Games _in Beijing in 2008Awill hold B will be held Chold（ ）11. The girl was often heard happily in her room.A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings（ ）12. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the n

23、ext term. A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build（ ）13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the next term. A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build（ ）14. The sick boy _ to hospital by the police yesterday.A. is taken B. was taken C. tak

24、es D. took（ ）15. -Its difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.-I think a bridge _ over the river.A. was built B. is being built C. has been built D. should be built （ ）16. -David, turn off the TV_ no one is watching it. -But it _ off already! The music is from the radio. A.

25、so that, has been turned     B. when, has turned C. if, has been turned     D. because, has turned（ ）17. Usually John to school in his fathers beautiful car.A. has taken B. is taking C. is taken D. has been taken（ ）18. Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I

26、mean, todays work _ today.A. may do B. must do C. may be done D. must be done （ ）19.-Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!-Yeah, it _ nearly 800 years ago.A. was building B. was builtC. has builtD. is built（ ）20. Dont discuss the problems with your partner unless you _ to do so. A. ask B. are

27、 asked C. will ask D. will be asked 5典型例題一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1A 。解析考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句意，“奧運(yùn)會(huì)每四年舉行一次”可見(jiàn)須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故排除了B、C、D。2答案B。解析本題考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，句中a lot of enjoyment是動(dòng)作的承受者。“在這次藝術(shù)展中，一些有趣的東西通過(guò)中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)展示給外國(guó)朋友。”3答案D。解析考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。物作主語(yǔ)，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4答案A。解析 選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示人們對(duì)這位偉大作家的愛(ài)戴。5答案C 。解析從句子看，電腦作主語(yǔ)，是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選

28、C。6. 答案C。解析考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)物作主語(yǔ)，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)1答案B?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。物作主語(yǔ)，一般要考慮被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但如果動(dòng)詞指的是物的特性，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 2答案B。 解析從句意：“自從地球日開(kāi)始以來(lái)，人們已做了一些越來(lái)越有用的事保護(hù)環(huán)境?！笨芍暗厍蛉铡钡拈_(kāi)始，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其構(gòu)成為was started故選B。 3. We _into five groups to go to the old people's home. We did many things to cheer them up. 太原市A. d

29、ivided B. are divided C. were divided3答案C。解析本題主要考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意及語(yǔ)境可推知空格處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式。由后一句"We did many things”可推斷，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。因此選C。4C 5D一般將來(lái)過(guò)去1答案D。解析 本題綜合考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為“一些名畫(huà)”，在此為動(dòng)作“展出”的承受者，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為next week，是表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，所以D項(xiàng)正確。2B 答案B答案：D。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞。答案為C。句中有every day，主語(yǔ)為our

30、classroom，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【參考答案】1答案D 解析：依據(jù)句意：對(duì)不起，但我不知道什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，I 和tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。2答案B 解析：由題干時(shí)間next year 科知識(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，句子主語(yǔ)是old houses ,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。3答案A 解析：由Lets go to the Lost & Found.可知，說(shuō)明表丟失了。故選4答案B 解析：由Did you go to Sams weekend party?可知陳述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作的發(fā)生，I 和invite之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選B。5答案C 解析：How often+一般疑問(wèn)句？此句型用來(lái)提問(wèn)在某一特定時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行某個(gè)動(dòng)作的次數(shù)，表示“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次”。往往針對(duì)頻度副詞如：always, seldom, usually, once a month, sometimes, every five minutes.等提問(wèn)，常用于現(xiàn)在