形容詞副詞比較級最高級變化形式歸納(超全)

1、形容詞/副詞比較級最高級變化形式歸納大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有比較級和最高級的變化，即原級、比較級和最高級，用來表示事物的等級差別原級即形容詞的原形，比較級和最高級有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)以及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)的詞后面直接加 -er , -est 原級比較級最高級如：tall-taller-tallest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾只加-r , -st"以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞改y為i，再加-er,-est女口： easy-easier-easiest pretty-prettier-prettiest以一個元音加一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞（即重讀閉音節(jié)詞），雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母 est 如:

2、 Thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottester,特別提醒：new, few, slow, clea n等詞含有字母組合，且發(fā)的是長元音，不用雙寫。大部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)的詞（即音標中含有三個或三個以上元音音素的詞more, most女口:beautiful -more beautiful-most beautiful），要在前面加特別提醒：以形容前綴 un構(gòu)成的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況,如: un happy-un happier- un happiest, un tidy-un tidier- un tidiest以形容詞+ly構(gòu)成的副詞要在前面加m

3、ore , most女口： Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly特另 U提醒：early -earlier-earliest由ing分詞和-ed分詞演變過來的形容詞（包括不規(guī)則動詞如 來表示它們的比較級和最高級。knowknown）只能力口 more 或 mostin teresti ng-more excit ingin teresti ng-mostin terest ingexcited-more excited -mosttired-more tired-most tiredboring-mor

4、e boring-most bori ng不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-least far-farther/further -farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest特別提醒:further further不僅可以指“距離更遠”，還可指“程度更深”。記住以下三個詞組:study（進修）further education（繼續(xù)教育）further in formatio n （進一步的信息）

5、elder僅用于同輩之間的排行，如：elder sister（ 姐姐）elder brother （ 哥哥）fewer。 less作為“更少”僅用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞表示“更少”要用以下內(nèi)容不作為初中英語教學內(nèi)容，僅供拓展之用。少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞前面加more, most 構(gòu)成比較級和最高級，這類形容詞一般為表語形容詞和由過去分詞變成的形容詞afraid -more afraid, most afraid tired - more tired , most tiredfond - more fond , most fondglad -more glad , most glad也可加othe

6、rbored - more bored , most boredpleased- more pleased , most pleased下列形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級有兩種形式，即：既可加-er/-estmore/moststrict, ofte n, frien dly, clever下列形容詞和副詞沒有比較級和最高（即表示“最高程度”或“絕對狀態(tài)”的形容詞和副詞沒 有比較級和最高級）如： empty, wrong, perfect, uniq ue, extreme, excelle nt, favourite, true, right, correct, extremely .比較應(yīng)在

7、同類事物之間進行。誤： Your English is better than me.正： Your En glish is better tha n mine.比較級前可以有一個表示程度的狀語，最常見的三大修飾詞是：a little, much, even以下單詞也可用來修飾：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。My sister is a little taller than me.Their house is much larger tha n ours.另外，名詞短語也可修飾比較級，說明程度。I ' m three years older t

8、han he.特別提醒：very, quite, too 不可修飾比較級。避免重復(fù)使用比較級。誤： He is more kinder to small animals than I.正: He is much kinder to small animals than I.誤： He is more cleverer than his brother.正: He is cleverer than his brother.比較要符合邏輯，在同一范圍內(nèi)比較時，避免將主語含在比較對象中，這時需使用 來排除自身。誤： China is larger that any country in Asia.正

9、: China is larger than any other country in Asia.誤：John studies harder than any student in his class.正: John studies harder than any other student in his class.正: John studies harder than any of the other students in his class.正: John studies harder than anyone else in his class.比較要遵循前后一致的原則，注意前后呼應(yīng)。

10、The populati on of Shan ghai is larger tha n that of Beiji ng.It is easier to make a pla n tha n to carry it out.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級。Africa is the sec ond largest continent.The Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in China.This is the third most popular song of Michael Jacks on.為避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that, those,

11、 one, ones代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。one既可指人又可指物，只能代替可數(shù)名詞。The weather in China is different from that in America.The book on the table is more interesting than that(或 the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stron ger tha n one made of wood.誤：In win ter, the weather of Beiji ng is

12、colder tha n it of Shan ghai.正：In win ter, the weather of Beiji ng is colder tha n that of Shan ghai. “否定詞+比較級”相當于最高級。-Wait un til we get a satisfactory reply, will you?-1 could n't agree more. The idea sounds great to me.Noth ing is so easy as this. =Noth ing is easier tha n this. =This is the

13、easiestthi ng.比較級前一般不加冠詞。但表示兩者中較突出者，且比較級后又有名詞或出現(xiàn)了of the two，這時比較級前一定要加the。He is the taller of the two.Of the two jobs , he chose the harder.Which is the youn ger one, Lily or Lucy?試比較：Which is larger, Can ada or Australia?Which is the larger coun try, Can ada or Australia?She is taller tha n her two

14、 sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.不含than的比較級前可加不定冠詞修飾，構(gòu)成“ a/an+比較級+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“一個 更的人/物”。Why don' t you use a sharper knife?你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢？比較級than后應(yīng)用人稱代詞的主格，但非正式語體中常用賓格。He is taller tha n I/me.為避免重復(fù)，比較級中同樣的動詞用助動詞do, does, did 替代。I spe nd less time doing homework tha n Joh n does.She te

15、lls more funny jokes than we do.以下內(nèi)容不是初中教學的重點，僅供拓展之用。形容詞most前面沒有the，不表示最高級的含義，只表示“非?！?。It is a most importa nt problem.=It is a very importa nt problem.倍數(shù)表達法 A is three(four, etcjtimes the size(height, length etcjof B.The new buildi ng is four times the size(the height)of the old one.這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(高)

16、/這座新樓比那座舊樓大(高)三倍。 A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大 /亞洲比歐洲大三倍。 A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, l on ger, etc.)tha n B.Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學校比我們的學校大三倍。用times表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.形容詞副

17、詞比較級最高級重點句型歸納句型一：形容詞或副詞比較級+than注意事項：該句型為比較級的最基本句型。只要看到than，即可確定前面使用比較級。He is taller than I am.The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl.句型二：less + 形容詞的原級+ than注意事項：該句型表示“不如、不及”，特別需要注意的是，less本身就是little的比較級，后面必須跟形容詞的原級，否定就造成了比較級的重復(fù)使用。This computer is less expe nsive tha n that one.句型三：as

18、+形容詞或副詞的原級 + as注意事項：該句型表示對比的兩者程度相當，as之間必須跟形容詞或副詞的原級，決不能使用比較級。此外，還要確定使用形容詞還是副詞。確定的依據(jù)就是根據(jù)第一個as前的動詞，如果是系動詞(如be，感官動詞look, sou nd, smell, taste, feel等)，那么就用形容詞的原級，如果前面的動詞是一般的實義動詞，那么就必須用副詞的原級修飾動詞。This less on is as easy as that one.Lucy talks with old people as politely as her sister.特別提醒：asas之間也可以跟名詞，句型如

19、下： as +形容詞+ a/an + 單數(shù)名詞+asHe is as kind a person as his father.他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。 as + many/much+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) +asI can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少紙，我也能。I have as many books as you do.我的書和你的一樣多。We' ll give you as much help as we can.我們將盡我們所能給你幫助。其它幾個關(guān)于 asas的句型： as as one can :盡其所能He bega n t

20、o run as fast as he could. as as possible :盡可能Please help us as quickly as possible. as soon as 一就He will call me as soon as he comes here.句型四：not as/so + 形容詞或副詞的原級 + as注意事項：as可以換為in表示of后面的among 后該句型表示“前者不如后者”，往往可以與句型一和句型二替換。第一個so。This classroom is not as bright as yours.I cannot run as fast as you.

21、句型五：the +形容詞或副詞最高級 + in / of / amo ng +比較范圍注意事項:in和of的用法完全不一樣。 。of表示“在同類之間”，如果這里為副詞最高級，前面的 the常常省略。介詞 "在某一范圍內(nèi)”，如： in the classroom , in the world詞與主語同類，另名詞前一般有冠詞the。among表示“在（三者或三者以上）之間”，接代詞或沒有修飾語的名詞。The Chan gjia ng River is the Ion gest river in our country.Peter is the tallest of the six stu

22、de nts.This picture is the most beautiful among these.句型六：one of + 形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式注意事項：one of有三大考點：1.后跟形容詞最高級；2.后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；3.作主語時主語為one,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。One of the smallest dino saurs was about one metre long.句型七：比較級 +and +比較級/ more and more +多音節(jié)詞的原級注意事項：er,則用前面的句型；如果該該句型表示“越來越”，如果該形容詞比較級構(gòu)成形式加 形容詞比較級加 more

23、構(gòu)成，則用后面的句型。It is getting hotter and hotter.The girl is beco ming more and more beautiful.句型八：the +比較級+,the + 比較級+注意事項：該句型意思為“越就越”，表示兩種情況同時變化。The more you eat, the fatter you will be.In the test, the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.句型九：be differe nt from注意事項：該句型沒有運用比較級，但也是對兩者事物進行比較。注意前后比較需在同類事物中進行。My schoolbag is differe nt f