高考英語虛擬語氣練習(xí)及詳解

1、WORD格式虛擬語氣一、考點聚焦1、虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中 1表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用“過去式be動詞的過去式用were，而主句中的謂語動詞用“would / should/ could / might +動詞原形。如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.（ 2表示與過去的事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時，主句中的謂語動詞那么用“would / should / might / could + have + 過去分詞。如：If

2、he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. 3表示與將來事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(were to) +動詞原形，而主句中的謂語動詞那么用would / should/could might +動詞原形。如；If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（ 4當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作相應(yīng)調(diào)整。如：If they had

3、worked hard, they would be very tired.(從句說的是過去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在)以下表格是虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中時，主句和從句謂語動詞的形式：專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式與過去事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反與將來事實相反條件狀語從句主句had + 過去分詞should /would/could/might + have +過去分詞一般過去時 (be 用 were)would/should/could/might +動詞原形一般過去時或 should(wereWould/should/cold/might +動詞原形to) + 動詞原形專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式有時侯在使用時

4、可省略if, 句子那么可換成以下形式，即“were / had / should +主語。如：Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句 1虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。 “wish + 賓語從句表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是 就好了等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“would/

5、could + 動詞原形；表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“had +過去分詞或 “could(should) + have + 過去分詞。如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞 suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order 等后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用 should + 動詞原形或是動詞原形。如：S

6、he suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式 2虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order 、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request 等的表語從句和同位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形。如：His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is

7、that they (should)pay 100 dollars. 3虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should + 動詞原形的構(gòu)造，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.It will be desired(suggested, decided

8、, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that 從句也可用陳述句語氣。如：專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式It is pity that you can t swim.專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用（ 1虛擬語氣在 as if/as though、 even if/even though 等引導(dǎo)的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發(fā)

9、生在過去，用過去完成時；指現(xiàn)在狀況，那么用一般過去時；指將來狀況那么用過去將來時。如：He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem. 2虛擬語氣用于定語從句中。這種從句常用于句型“Itis (high)time (that) 中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be 用 were)或 should + 動詞原形，意思是“(現(xiàn)在)該。如：It s time that I picked up my daughter.It s high time we were goi

10、ng. 3虛擬語氣用在if only 引導(dǎo)的感慨句中。如：If only I were a bird.If only I had taken his advice.（ 4虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現(xiàn)在日常會話中。如：It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to close the door?用于一些習(xí)慣表達法中。如：Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather no

11、t tell you.二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (NMET95)A.breaksB.has brokenC.were brokenD.had been broken解析：答案為C。此題考察的是as if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中的語氣問題，as if 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句如果與事實一致，不用虛擬語氣，如果與事實相反，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。題中“當鉛筆的一局部浸在水中，鉛筆看上去好似斷了。而實際上鉛筆并未斷，與事實相反，前半局部專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式陳述是一般現(xiàn)在時，因而本句是對

12、一般現(xiàn)在時的虛擬，用were broken。2. I didn seet your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met mybrother.(NMET94)A.has comeB.did comeC.cameD.had come解析：答案為D。此題考察的是if 條件句中的虛擬語氣。題意是：我在會議上沒看到你姐姐，故你姐姐沒來。因此如果 “她來了與事實相反，前面一句交代了虛擬語氣的時態(tài)是一般過去時的虛擬，所以if 從句中用had+過去分詞。3. If he _, he _that food. Luckily he was sen

13、t to the hospital immediately.(NMET93)A.was warned; would not takeB.had been warned; would not have takenC.would be warned; had not takenD.would have been warned; had not taken解析：答案為 B。此題考察的是條件狀語從句與主句表示與事實相反時虛擬語氣的用法。根據(jù)下一句語境可知，他事先并沒有得到警告，表示過去時間的虛擬語氣，應(yīng)選B 。虛擬語氣1 I enjoyed the movie very much I wish Ith

14、e book from which it was made A have readB had readC should have readD am reading2 You are late If youa few minutes earlier,youhim A came； Would meetB had come； Would have metC come； Will meet D had come； would meet3 I can t stand himHe always talks as though heeverything·A knewB knowsChas know

15、D had known4 His doctor suggested that heshort trip abroad A will takeB would takeC takeD took5 We might have failed if youus a helping handA have not givenB would not giveC had not givenD did not give6 The law requires that everyronehis car checked at least once a monthA hasB haveC hadD will have7

16、He was busy yesterday， otherwise heto the meeting A would comeB would have beenC could have beenD would be8 If there were no subjunctive mood ， Englishmuch easierA will beB would have beenC could have beenD would be9the fog， we should have reached our schoo1A Because ofB In spite ofC In case ofD But

17、 for10 What will you do during winter vacation? I don t know，but it s about timesomething·A I decidedBI ll decideCI d decidedD I m deciding11 He was very busy yesterday， otherwise ，heto your birthday party A would comeB cameC would have comeD should come12 The two strangers talked as if theyfri

18、ends for years A should beB had beenC have beenD were13 Look!What you ve done!Youhave been more carefulA shouldB mayC oughtD would14 Without electricity ， what?A will the world be likeB would the world be likeCthe world will be likeD the World Would be like專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式15 With your ability ， youout t

19、he puzzle within a few minutes A could have workedB need have workedB Cought have workedD must have worked16 My suggestion is that the sick boyto hospital as soon as possibleA is takenB must be takenC be takenD has to be taken17 If we had not missed the bus ， welunch at home now A would have hadB wo

20、uld haveC must be havingD would be having18here yesterday， he would attend the lecture with us today A Had he beenB If he wereCWere heD Should be he19 His tired face suggested thathereally tired after the 1ong walk A had beenB wasC beD should be20 Do you feel that Ithe problem in a different way the

21、 other day?A should comeB should have solvedC have solvedD solved21 0ur chairman hasn t comeIfyetheon time ， we would have to put off the meeting A should comeB would comeCshouldn t comeD doesn t come22 He insisted that hereally very tried and that heto have a restA was； be allowedB was； must be all

22、owedCshould be； must be allowedD should be； be allowed23 He did his best in everything ；he would not have been what he wasA andB butC otherwiseD but that24 I doI could give you a hand A hopeB wishC expectD think25 I Would rather shetomorrow than today A comeB cameC shouldD has come26 The guard at th

23、e gate insisted that everybodythe rulesA obeysB obeyC will obeyD Would obey27 Iher if I thought she would understand A would tellB will tellC Would have to1dD told28 The teacher requires Roseby heart 15 English words each day A 1earnB to learnC must learnD 1earning29 If he，hethat food Luckily he was

24、 sent to the hospita1 immediate1y A Was warmed； would not takeB had been warmed； wou1d not have takenCwould be warmed ； had not takenD would have been warmed ； had not taken30 Without electricity human lifequite different today A isB will beC would have beenD Would be虛擬語氣專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式l-5 BBACC6-10BBD

25、DA11-15CBABA16-20 CDABBD21-25CACBB26-30專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式BCBBD專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式虛擬語氣強化訓(xùn)練1 Were it not for the snowy weather, we _all right.A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. may be2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the ca

26、ptain would have been專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know.A. should callB. should not have been ableC. were not ableD. are not able4. If you asked your father, you _ permission.A. may getB. might getC. should have calledD. maybe get5. _today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would

27、 he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves6. _I you, I would go with him to the party.A. WasB. Had beenC. Will beD. Were7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _our chairman now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would be8. _ the English examination I

28、 would have gone to the concert last SundayA. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _your adviceA. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followed10.If the horse won today, it _ thirty races in five years.A. would have wonB. wonC. must h

29、ave wonD. did have won11.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _a sudden loud noise.A. being thereB. should there beC. there wasD. there having been12. If you hadn t taken such a long time to get dressed, we d_ there by now.A. beB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling13.

30、I wish I _ with her.A. would beB. amC. wasD. were14.The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I_ to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. can not have gone15.George would certainly have attended the meeting, _ .A. if he didn t get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn t happenedC. h

31、ad he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself16.The teacher suggested that her students _ experiences with ESP.A. write a composition on theirB. to write composition about theC. wrote some compositions of his or herD. had written any compositions for his17.He speaks Chinese as fluent

32、ly as if he _a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been18.Looking round the town, he felt as though he _ away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been19. Most insurance agents would rather you _ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.A. doB. don tC. didn tD. didn t

33、 do20.It is important that the TOEFL office _ your registration.A. will confirmB. confirmC. confirmsD. must confirm21.Without electronic computers, much of today s advancedtechnolog.yA. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD. had not been achieved專業(yè)資料整理W

34、ORD格式22.He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been23.It is time that the government _measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking24. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant _a

35、ll diplomas from elementary school to university.A. hasB. will haveC. should haveD. must have25.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. had come26.If I had seen the movie, I _ you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. woul

36、d have told27.I had hoped that John _ a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.A. spendsB. spentC. would spendD. will spend28. It s high time they_ this road.A. mendB. mendedC. must have mendedD. will mend29. It s about time people_ notice of what women did during the war.A. takeB

37、. tookC. have takenD. will take30. He s working hard for fear that he_ .A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind31.In the past men generally preferred that their wives_ in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working32. For a child to give up his less mature

38、 idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child_ psychologically ready for the new idea.A. isB. wereC. beD. would be33.Your advice that_ till next week is reasonable.A. she waitsB. she waitC. wait sheD. she waited34.It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.A. singB. singedC

39、. had signedD. were signing35.I advised that the sick child _ a hospital as soon as possible.A. should send toB. should be sentC. be went toD. must be sent to36.The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be 20 percent.A. be raisedB. would be raisedC. raisedD. raise37.The guard at the gate

40、insisted that everybody _ the rules.A. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey38. My suggestion is that she _ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her.A. takesB. must takeC. takeD. took39.If only I _ driving before.A. learnB. learnedC. had learnedD. would learn40._ she _ yesterday, she would

41、meet the famous singer today.A. If, didn tleaveB. Had not, leftC. Hadnt, leftD. Didn t, leave專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式答案1 20:ABABCDDBCABADACAADDB21 40:CDBCCACBBACCBACABCCC高考虛擬語氣：1. - If he _, he _ that food.- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned would not takeB. had been warned would not have takenC. would be warned had not takenD. would have been warned had not taken2.I didn tsee your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come3.When a pencil is partly