非謂語動(dòng)詞表格形式

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞一動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to + 動(dòng)詞原形（這里的to 是不定式符號(hào)，本身無詞義）否定： not+ (to +)動(dòng)詞原形2. 動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能功能例句To speak English is not easy for us. = It is not easy主語for us to speak English.表語My work is to clean the room every day. = To cleanthe room every day is my work.賓語 What sports does he like to play He likes to play

2、 basketball.賓補(bǔ)My mother made me play the piano all the time.定語Have you got anything to say說明作主語用的不定式，常常用it 作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面，其結(jié)構(gòu)為 :It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+ 動(dòng)詞不定式多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語只能作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語，一般不做介詞的賓語在 make, let, see, hear, watch 等使役動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略 to不定式做定語，要放在所修飾詞的后面狀語I m sorry to trouble you.不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語

3、要和句子的主語一致do 作主語常用it 作形式主語例：To learn English well is useful. It is useful （ for us） to learn English well.注意 ：在 kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for 而用 of.2.一些表示命令， 打算或希望的動(dòng)詞后只接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語：would like, like（想要） , want,wish, hope, decide, plan, except 等。例： Would you like too see a film this evening3

4、.在 find, think 后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語時(shí)，常用it 代替，而將真正的賓語放在句末。例： I find it easy to read English every day.4.常見的一些不帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語Why not do , why don t you do , had better (not) do , would rater do, could/would/ will you please (not) do例：I would rather stay in the room.5.一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞用不定式作賓語，但to 要省略。一感（ fell ）、二聽（hear

5、, listen to ）、三讓（ let/ make/ let ）、四看（ look at, see, watch, notice ）、五幫助（ help ）,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)是必須加上to.例： My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.6.不定式常和疑問詞what,which,when,where,how連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語從句。二動(dòng)名詞1. 動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成： 動(dòng)詞原形 +-ing2. 動(dòng)名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語Eating too much is bad for your health.謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式賓動(dòng)詞I

6、 like playing basketball very much.表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常賓語性動(dòng)作語介詞Stamps are used for sending letters.賓語表語His hobby is collecting stamps=多數(shù)情況下，動(dòng)名詞作表語可裝換成Collecting stamps is his hobby.做主語定語She is in the reading room.只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。至置于所修飾詞之前常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的詞：完成實(shí)踐值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy ）繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（

7、keep on, be used to, give up ）考慮建議不禁想（consider, suggest, can t help, feel like ）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind ）三分詞1. 構(gòu)成： 動(dòng)詞 + -ing動(dòng)詞 + -ed2. 分詞的句法功能功能例句說明定語Do you know the girl standing under the tree現(xiàn)在分詞作定語， 其邏輯主語Please hand in your written exercise.就是它所修飾的詞； 過去分詞狀語The students went out of the classroo

8、m, talking andlaughing.Seen from the hill, out school looks more beautiful.作定語，其邏輯賓語就是它所修飾的詞。分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語表語The situation is encouraging.The boy is too frightened to move.補(bǔ)足Don t keep us waiting for a long time.語I heard him singing in the classroom. He ll have his hair cut after school.現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特

9、征；過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)（也就是我們常說的人用-ed，物用 -ing.）現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語， 被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯主語（即主動(dòng)關(guān)系） ；過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語，被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯賓語（即被動(dòng)關(guān)系）四易混清單1. 動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別stop to do sth.停下來去做stop doing sth.停止做remember to do sth.記住要做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）remember doing sth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）forget to do sth.忘記做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）Forget doing sth.忘記做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）try to do st

10、h.努力去做某事Try doing sth.試著去做某事go on to do sth.做完一件事，接著去做另一件事go on doing sth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事allow doing sth.允許做某事allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事regret to do sth.對(duì)要做的事感到遺憾（未做）Regret doing sth. 對(duì)做過的事感到遺憾，后悔（已做）mean to do sth.打算，想做某事mean doing sth.意味著做某事二現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別我們常見的動(dòng)詞有see, watch, notice, hear, feel, hav

11、e 等，它們接不帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，表示已經(jīng)完成了的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作；接現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行著。例：I heard him singing in the classroom. ( “唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)I heard him sing in the classroom. ( “唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)三Need, require, want做“需要”解時(shí)，后加動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式等于加不定式的被動(dòng)式。例：The window needs cleaning . The window needs to be cleaned .want to be done=want doingneed t

12、o be done=need doingrequire to be done=require doing四現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別1.在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)（修飾人用-ed，修飾物用 -ing）。例：the surprising news令人驚訝的消息a surprised man一個(gè)感到驚訝的人2. 在時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，過去分詞表示已近完成的動(dòng)作。例：the developing country發(fā)展中國家the developed country發(fā)達(dá)國家五注意下列“to” 是介詞，不是動(dòng)詞不定式。make (a) contribution(s) to為

13、作貢獻(xiàn)devote to獻(xiàn)身，致力于look forward to期盼，盼望prefer to兩者間更喜歡be used to 習(xí)慣 .;適應(yīng)1. Granny often tells us _ water in our daily life.A. saveB. savingC. to saveD. saves2. Richard turned off the computer after he had finished _the email.A. writeB. to writeC. writingD. wrote3. Before going to the History Museum,

14、our teacher told us _ the public rules.A. obeyB. to obeyC. obeyingD. obeyed4. James, I m too tired. Let s stop _ a rest.A. havingB. haveC. to havingD. to have5. We can use QQ to chat with other on the Internet. Really Will you please show me _itA. how to useB. what to useC. how can I useD. what can

15、I use6. Where s your brother now, Bob I saw him _in the street a moment ago and I told him _.A. playing; don t do soB. playing; not do soC. play; to do so7. Hi, Steve! Our teachers told us_ an electric bike. It s too dangerous. I m sorry. I won t do it again.A. to rideB. not rideC. not to ride8. As

16、teenagers, we re old enough _ with housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishes and clean our own rooms.A. to helpB. helpingC. helped9. Mary dances best in our school. I agree. I ll never forget _ her dance for the first time.A. seeingB. to seeC. seeD. seen10. Chinese athletes did a great j

17、ob in the Winter Olympics in Canada. It can encourage post-90s(90 后 )_.A. work hardB. worked harderC. working harderD. to work hard11.Don t forget _ an umbrella _you. It s going to rain.A. to take; toB. taking; toC. to take; withD. taking; with12.Nancy is really a hard working student. We often see

18、her _ books in the classroom.A. readB. to readC. reads13.Are you going to the party_ at Smith s home this evening I will if I am free.A. holdingB. heldC. to holdD. to be held14.Mrs. Smith made her students _ the compositions three times a week.A. writeB. to writeC. writtenD. writing15.Danny did all

19、kinds of things to make the baby _.A. to stop cryingB. stop cryingC. to stop to cryD. stop to cry16.We have two rooms _, but I can t decide _.A. to live; to choose which oneB. lived; choose which oneC. to lived in; which one to choseD. live; which one17.The teacher told the students _ any food into

20、the computer room.A. not to bringB. not bringC. don t bringD. bring not18.At least 300 million people are using QQ _ by Ma Huateng to chat on line.A. creatB. createsC. creatingD. created19.The teacher asked Ben _ a difficult question in class.A. answerB. answeringC. to answerD. answered20.Youd bette

21、r _ too much time playing computer games.A. don t spendB. not to spendC. to not spendD. not spend21.More and more young people are trying to do something _ the old.A. servedB. to serveC. serveD. serves22. Is Jack in the library Maybe. I saw him _ out with some books just now.A. goingB. goC. to goD.

22、went23 Dad, why should I stop _ computer games For your health, my boy, I m afraid you_.A. to play; mustB. playing; have toC. to play; canD. playing; may24. Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother Yes, it s well worth _. It s _ moving that I ve seen it twice.A. seeing; tooB. to see; enoughC. seeing

23、; soD. to see; such25.Why not _ your teacher for help when you can t finish _ it by yourselfA. ask; writeB. to ask; writingC. ask; writingD. asking; writing26.If people _ cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere_.A. keep; to live inB. will keep; to live inC. keep; to liveD. will keep; to live

24、27.His parents often encourage him _ hard.A. workB. workingC. to workD. works28.Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot _ him for his telephone number.A. askB. askingC. and askD. to ask29.Last weekend I went to the library _ some books on how to protect environment.A. to borrowB. borrowC.

25、 borrowedD. borrowing30. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up It makes me _ very proud.A. feltB. to feelC. feelingD. feel31.The boy promised _ late for school again.A. to not beB. not to beC. not beingD. being not32.It s very nice_ pictures for me.A. of you do drawB. for you to drawC. for you drawingD. of you drawing33.China will spend about 52 billion yuan _ new airports and _ old ones in the westof China in the 11th Five Year Plan period. (時(shí)期 )A. repairing; buildingB. to build; repairC. building; repairingD. to repa