Zvchxx雅思A類圖表作文各個擊破(流程圖柱圖曲線表格)免費下載

1、生命是永恒不斷的創(chuàng)造，因為在它內(nèi)部蘊含著過剩的精力，它不斷流溢，越出時間和空間的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表現(xiàn)的形式表現(xiàn)出來。泰戈爾A類圖表作文各個擊破（流程圖、柱圖、曲線圖、表格）.5.2 表格4.5.2.1 解題關(guān)鍵F        1表格與餅圖一樣，都是靜態(tài)圖。切入點在描述分配；F        2表格題考查列舉數(shù)字的能力和方法。通過舉一些有代表性的數(shù)據(jù)來說明問題；F      &

2、#160; 3橫向比較。介紹橫向各個數(shù)據(jù)的區(qū)別、變化和趨勢；F        4縱向比較。介紹縱向各個數(shù)據(jù)的區(qū)別、變化和趨勢；F        5不需要將每一個數(shù)據(jù)分別說明，突出強調(diào)數(shù)據(jù)最大值和最小值；F        6對比時要總結(jié)出數(shù)據(jù)對比最懸殊的和最小的。4.5.2.2表格舉例Topic 4-4：The table below shows carbon dioxide emissi

3、ons from transport in three European countries in 1994 and 2004Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.（表格貼不上，大家看附件吧 _）         范文The given table provides an overview of carbon dioxide emission

4、s from four main transport sources (namely，road transport，railways，civil aviation and shipping) in the United Kingdom，F(xiàn)rance and Germany in 1994 and 2004 Germany，although having higher emissions than either the United Kingdom or France did，saw the amount decrease slightly from 47.2 to 46.7 mill

5、ion tonnesBy comparison，F(xiàn)rance recorded an increase of four million tonnes from 34.7 million in 1994，while the United Kingdom had a smaller growth，2.5 million tonnes over the same period（縱向比較三個國家1994到2004年間二氧化碳釋放量的整體趨勢變化。） In all the three countries, road transport was responsible for the major

6、ity of emissions（橫向?qū)λ膫€二氧化碳釋放源進(jìn)行比較，點明最大釋放源）In the United Kingdom，road transport produced emissions up to 32.6 million tonnes in 2004，2 million more than ten years earlier，while other three transport sources did not show any remarkable growth（接著對三個國家的釋放源進(jìn)行描述說明，說明從1994年到2004年間的變化）A similar pattern was

7、seen in France，where road transport added 3.6 million tonnes to the total emissions within ten yearsGermany，by contrast，was the only country of the three to experience a drop in road transport emissions（比較德國和英國法國的區(qū)別）Other three transport sources had a lower emission volume as well，except civil aviat

8、ion，with the amount rising to 1.2 million（對其它二氧化碳釋放源進(jìn)行描述，比較10年間的變化） As shown in the table，both UK and France failed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from transport sources during the period 1994 to 2004，in contrast to the decrease in GermanyRoad transport continued to account for the biggest

9、source of emissions(237 words) Topic 4-5：Write a report for a university lecturer，describing the information shown belowYou should write at least 150 words（表格貼不上，大家看附件吧 _）         范文：The table provides information about the favored tourist destinations in

10、 the city of Llorente of different age groupsEach figure for destinations shows the percentage of tourists who visited the destinations on their last holidayThere are four age groupstwenties，thirties， forties，and over 50-year-old group（點明表格提供不同年齡段所喜歡的旅游地點的信息。） The most favored destination for a

11、ll age groups was shopping centresThe percentage of tourists who visited there was more than 80, and 95 of tourists of the forties group visited there. The percentages of tourists who vislted art galleries，zoos，and museums increased as the the age of tourists increased. For example，only 21 of people

12、 in the twenties visited art galleries，however，81 of the oldest age group visited thereOn the other hand，the percentages of tourists who visited nightclubs， discotheques，and cinemastheatres decreased as the age increasedFor example，87of tourists in twenties visited discotheques，however，only 5 of the

13、 oldest age group did so.（按大家都喜歡的地點老年人喜歡的地點年輕人喜歡的地點這個邏輯順序進(jìn)行描述；用on the other hand, for example 等連接詞來串聯(lián)句子。） To sum up，favored destinations were different for each age group，however，almost all tourists visited shopping centers(176 words)（總結(jié)得出結(jié)論。）4.5.2.3表格常用詞匯noticeable trend 明顯趨勢pronounced  a

14、dj. 明顯的significant changes一些較大變化                rank  n. vt. vi. 列為，排列，等級distribute  vt. 分布，區(qū)別unequally  adv. 不相等地               &

15、#160;                average  n. vt. vi. adj. 平均                            

16、;          corresponding  adj. 相應(yīng)的，通訊的                   represent  vt. 闡述，表現(xiàn)overall  adj. 總體上講       

17、60;                           in the case of   adv. 在.的情況下in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在.方面4.5.2.4表格常用表達(dá)       開頭概

18、述1) The table shows (reveals，illustrates，demonstrates，depicts，describes，indicates) _.2) According to the table, _.3) As (is) shown in the table, _.4) As can be seen from the table, _.5) Figuresstatistics show (that) _.6) It can be seen from the figuresstatistics that _.7) It is clear from the figure

19、sstatistics that _.8) It is apparent from the figuresstatistics that _.       描述比例1) _ accounts for (takes up) 20 of all.    _占總數(shù)的20。2) On the top of the list is _, which accounts for 70    比例最高的是_，占70。3) At the bottom of the list is _，whic

20、h takes up 20 only    比例最低的是_，僅占20。4) A ranks first，followed by B at 20 and C at 15    A占比例最大，其次是B占20及C占15。5) The figure reached the highestlowest point in _.    數(shù)據(jù)在_時候達(dá)到最高點(最低點)。       描述對比1) A has almost (nearlyabout) over

21、a quarter (halftwiceone third) as many students as (as much money as) B.A的學(xué)生數(shù)錢(差不多)是B的四分之一一半兩倍三分之一一樣。2) A has about (approximatelyexactlyprecisely) the same number (proportionamount) of students (money) as BA和B的學(xué)生錢數(shù)量比例差不多正好一樣。3) A has something in common with B.A與B有一些共同點。4) The difference between A

22、and B lies in _.A與B的不同之處在于_。       描述趨勢1) The number increased （/rose） suddenly （dramaticallyrapidlysubstantiallyconsiderablysharply） from _ to _.數(shù)量從_激增到_。2) During 1990 to 2000，there was a sudden （rapiddramaticsubstantialsharpconsiderable） rise （boom） in the number of

23、private cars from _ to _.  1990年到2000年間，私人汽車的數(shù)量從_急劇增長到_。3) The ten years from 1990 to 2000 witnessed （/saw） a steady growth of private cars from _ to _.  1990年到2000年10年間，私人汽車的數(shù)量從_穩(wěn)步增長到_。4) The number of private cars increased (rose / felldroppeddeclineddecreased) by 20  私人汽車數(shù)量增長了(或：降低

24、了)20。5) The number of private cars in 2000 was 5 times more than that in 1990  2000年私人汽車數(shù)量是1990年的5倍。6) The number of private cars roughly (/approximately) doubled (tripled) between 1990 and 2000  1990年到2000年間，私人汽車數(shù)量大約是原來的2倍(3倍)。       結(jié)尾1) We can conclude from

25、 the table that _.2) In short (In brief), _.3) In conclusion, _.4) To conclude, it seems clear that _.5) From the tablediagram, we can see _.6) As can be seen from the charttablediagram, _.7) It is clear (/apparent) from the chart (/graphtable) that _.4.5.2.5表格模板The table shows _. (簡要介紹表中呈現(xiàn)的信息。

26、) According to the figures，as people age in Someland, their social lives reduceTeenagers and people in their twenties _. People in their 30s，40s，50s and 60s _.(general statement，點明從數(shù)據(jù)中概括得出的一種趨勢。) Group and individual exercise follow a similar patternPeople of all ages spend a good part of

27、their leisure time on entertainment. Teenagers and retired people _. For everybody else, _.(general statement，點明從數(shù)據(jù)中概括得出的另一種趨勢。) Consequently，it can be concluded that there is a significant trend towards _.4.5.3 曲線圖4.5.3.1 解題關(guān)鍵F        1曲線圖和柱狀圖都是動態(tài)圖，解題的切入點在于描述

28、趨勢。F        2在第二段的開頭部分對整個曲線進(jìn)行一個階段式的總分類，使寫作層次清晰，同時也方便考官閱卷。接下來再分類描述每個階段的specific trend，同時導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)作為分類的依據(jù)。F        3趨勢說明。即，對曲線的連續(xù)變化進(jìn)行說明，如上升、下降、波動、持平。以時間為比較基礎(chǔ)的應(yīng)抓住“變化”：上升、下降、或是波動。題中對兩個或兩個以上的變量進(jìn)行描述時應(yīng)在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行比較，如變量多于兩個應(yīng)進(jìn)行分類或有側(cè)重的比較。F 

29、0;      4極點說明。即對圖表中最高的、最低的點單獨進(jìn)行說明。不以時間為比較基礎(chǔ)的應(yīng)注意對極點的描述。F        5交點說明。即對圖表當(dāng)中多根曲線的交點進(jìn)行對比說明。F        6不要不做任何說明就機械地導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)，這不符合雅思的考試目的。 4.5.3.2曲線圖舉例Topic 4-6：The graph shows the rate of smoking of man and wo

30、men in Scotland from 1960 to 2000.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 150 words（圖貼不上， 大家下載附件吧 ）           范文The line chart compares the rate of smo

31、king of men and women in Scotland from 1960 to 2000. It can be clearly seen that the rate of smoking for both men and women was declining and that fewer women smoked during the period.(點明圖表主要趨勢，用compare這個詞揭示下面的文章結(jié)構(gòu)。) In 1960, 600 men in every l,000 smoked. This number decreased gradually to 500

32、 by 1974 and continued to decrease steeply to 250 by 2000In contrast, the smoking rate for women was very low, only 80 in every 1,000 in 1960By 1968 this increased to 170 and rose again more steeply to 320 in 1977The rate of female smokers then remained stable at 320 until in 1984，at which point the

33、 figures began to decline and dropped to 200 by 2000(按時間先后順序描述男性吸煙者的發(fā)展趨勢，用in contrast連接女性吸煙者，承上啟下，并形成對比。) In conclusion，we can see that the rate of smoking of men dropped throughout the whole period but was always higher than that of womenThe rate of female smokers increased until 1977，but then

34、 decreased for the rest of the period. (176 words)(結(jié)尾段中換一種方式描述結(jié)論，與開頭段相互呼應(yīng)。) Topic 4-7：The line chart bellow shows serious violent crime levels from 1978 to 2000 in the USSerious violent crimes include rape，robbery，aggravated assault and homicide. Summarise the information by selecting and repor

35、ting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.（圖貼不上， 大家下載附件吧 ）            范文The multiple-line graph demonstrates trends in violent crime levels in the US during the period 1978 to 2000. In the first ten years，there were fl

36、uctuations in the total crime level，but the overall trend was upbeatBy about 1989，it rose to a record high，around 4.5 offences per thousand Americans，half the figure in 1980 (slightly over 3 offences)，the lowest ever recorded during the given periodVictimisations rose and fell at a lower level betwe

37、en 2 and 2.5 offences over the same period，while crimes recorded by police showed a steady increase，reaching its highest in the year 1994，over 1.5 offences in a thousandThe arrest rate was the lowest，levelling off below 0.5 offences per 1,000 From 1988 onwards，the total violent crime level decl

38、ined gradually，so did victimisations reported to policeIn 2000，3 out of a thousand Americans committed violent crime，while half as many victims were reported to the policeAs to crimes recorded by police and arrests for violent crime，both dropped slightly in the last five years and the figures were 1

39、.5 and 0.5 offences respectively in 2000 Overall，the violent crime rate，as well as victimisations reported to police，crimes recorded and arrests for violent crime，was not subject to strong fluctuations in the final two decades of the last century，although by the end of the century，there was a t

40、rend toward lower violent crime levels. (240 words)4.5.3.3曲線圖常用詞匯        動詞九大運動趨勢一：表示向上：increase，rise，improve，grow，ascend，mount，aggrandize，go up，climb， take off， jump，shoot up暴漲，soar，rocket， skyrocket舉例：人口上升：the number of population increased/ascended/mounted等等。二：表

41、示上升后保持平穩(wěn)：flatten out(下降或升高后變平)， level off舉例：人口上升后保持平穩(wěn)：the number of population mounted and leveled off.三：表示復(fù)蘇（下降后再上升）：recover，bounce back舉例：人口下降后復(fù)蘇：the number of population decreased and recovered.四：表示下降：decrease，decline，descend，drop， fall，go down，come down，collapse， crash， fall off， slump， plummet，

42、 plunge， slide，shrink, dwindle, diminish舉例：人口減少：the number of population decreased/ declined.五：表示下降后保持平穩(wěn)：bottom out，flatten out(下降或升高后變平)舉例：人口下降后保持平穩(wěn)：the number of population decreased and bottomed out.六：表示穩(wěn)定或水平：remain steady/constant，stay stable, stabilize， stagnate，flatten out(下降或升高后變平)， level off

43、， stay at the same level， be similar to， there is littlehardly anyno change舉例：表示人口數(shù)量保持平穩(wěn)的時候可以寫: the number of population stayed stable. /the number of population remained steady.七：表示波動：fluctuate舉例：人口波動：the number of population fluctuated.八：表示在底部：reach a low point，bottom out，reach the bottom，reach th

44、e rock，hit a trough九：表示在頂部：reach a peak，peak，top out，reach the highest point/ the top/ the summit/ the most，peak in/at，reach the zenith舉例：人口到達(dá)了頂峰：the number of population peaked/ reached its summit/ reached its zenith.        形容詞和副詞變化程度abrupt(ly)(突然)，sudden(ly)(突然)

45、，dramatic(ally)(急劇)，drastic(ally)(急劇)，sharp(ly)(急劇)，quick(ly)(迅速)，rapid(ly)(迅速)，marked(ly)(顯著)，significant(ly)(顯著)，considerable(considerably)(相當(dāng))，substantial(ly)(相當(dāng)) moderate(ly)(適當(dāng))，gradual(ly)(逐漸)，slight(ly)(輕微)，slow(ly)(緩慢)，steady(steadily)(平緩)        名詞line cha

46、rt線圖，curve diagram曲線圖，horizontal axis橫軸，vertical axis縱軸，plateau(上升后的穩(wěn)定期)，record high歷史高度，record low歷史低點，trough (曲線上的)最小值，zenith(最高值), general trend，upward/downward tend增加：an increase，a rise，a growth， an improvement， an upturn， a surge， an upsurge， an upward trend下降：a fall， a decrease， a decline， a d

47、rop， a downturn， a downturn trend，low point，reduction波動：fluctuation        介詞一. remain steady/ stay stable/ level off/ bottom out/ peak/reach its peak/ reach its zenith后面需要使用的是at.舉例: 1.人口在500萬上保持平穩(wěn): The number of population remained steady at 5 million.2. 人口在800萬時到

48、達(dá)了頂峰: The number of population peaked at 8 million.3. 下降后，人口在400萬保持平穩(wěn):After decreasing, the number of population bottomed out at 4 million.4. 上升后，人口在700萬保持平穩(wěn): After mounting, the number of population leveled off at 7 million.二. 上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)舉例:1. 人口下降到200萬: number of population decreased to 2

49、 million.2. 人口下降了200萬: number of population decreased by 2 million.3. 人口上升到1000萬: number of population increased to 10 million.4. 人口上升了500萬: number of population increased by 5 million.三. recover的后面大家需要使用的是from舉例: 人口在200萬時開始復(fù)蘇: The number of population recovered from 2 million.四. fluctuate的后面大家需要連接b

50、etween and舉例: 人口在20和100億之間波動: The number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 billion. 4.5.3.4曲線圖常用表達(dá)        開頭概述常用表達(dá)1) The line chart depicts the changes in the number of _ over the period from 2000 to 2004    該曲線圖描述了從2000年到2004年_數(shù)量的變化。2）

51、The chart provides some data regarding the fluctuations of _ from 2000 to 2004    該曲線圖描述了從2000年到2004年_的變動。3) The graph，presented in the curve diagram，shows the general trend in _.    該圖以曲線圖的形式描述了_總的趨勢。4) This is a line chart showing _.    這是一個曲線圖，描述了_。5)

52、As can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuations of _.    如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了_波動的情況。        描述曲線常用表達(dá)1)The _ in the graph is measured in units，each of which is equivalent to _.    圖表中的_以_為單位，每單位等于_。2) The horizontal axis stan

53、ds for _.    橫軸代表了_。3) The vertical axis stands for _.    縱軸代表了_。4)There was a rapid (/dramaticdrasticsharpgreatremarkableslightlittleslow) increase (/risedecreasedropfalldecline) of A over the period from _ to _.    從_到_期間A有快速 / 劇烈急速很大明顯很小幾乎沒有緩慢地增長下降。5)

54、The curve appeared to level off in 1988    曲線似乎在1988年穩(wěn)定下來。6) The situation reached a peak (/high point) at _ in 2000.  這種情況在2000年到達(dá)一個頂點，為_。7) The situation fell down to (/reached) the bottom in 2000  這種情況在2000年降到低谷。8) The figures hit a trough in 2000  這些數(shù)字2000年降到最低點。

55、60;4.5.3.5曲線圖模板The line chart compares the rate of  A  and  B  . It can be clearly seen that _.A _.  In contrast，B _.In conclusion, we can see from the chart that _.4.5.4 柱圖4.5.4.1 解題關(guān)鍵F        1柱狀圖是動態(tài)圖表，切入點是描述趨勢。F    &#

56、160;   2柱狀圖寫作注重“比較”(找出similarity)和“對比”(找出difference)，也就是說需要橫向總結(jié)所有柱狀圖表的共性特征，也要分別描寫各個柱子的個性特征。F        3有兩種寫作方式：其一是對不同時間段內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較，適合于數(shù)據(jù)代表的物體較少且時間界限明確的情況。另外是對單獨數(shù)據(jù)的全程描述，適合于描述數(shù)據(jù)對象很多且時間劃定不清晰的情況。 4.5.4.2柱圖舉例Topic 4-8：The graph shows the increasing use of con

57、sumer goods (TVs，washing machines, etc.) in the UKSummarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. （圖貼不上，大家下載附件吧 ）          范文：The bar chart indicates the percentage of household consumer durables

58、 sold in the UK from 1972 to 1983. The goods can be divided into three groups. (首先介紹了圖表的內(nèi)容，然后點明從圖表中總結(jié)出的大致傾向，為下文展開做好鋪墊。)Firstly，a number of appliances were in a high percentage of homes for the entire periodThese included TVs，vacuum cleaners and washing machines TV ownership was the highest，growing f

59、rom 93 to 98 over the eleven-year period, while washing machine ownership，the lowest of this group，increased from 66 to 80(開頭句為中心句。第二句用these來作承接，下面用最突出的數(shù)據(jù)來做例子，即highest和lowest。)The second group included the central heating and telephones which showed the most dramatic rise with increases of 27 for ce

60、ntral heating and 35 for telephonesAt the beginning of the period, these appliances had been bought by 37 and 42 of homes respectively The final group was appliances that were only introduced into the market during the period shown Video recorder was quickly accepted into households, achieving 18 ow

61、nership by 1983The dishwasher had less impact, with its ownership slowly rising from 3 to 5 between 1978 and 1983(第二類、第三類電器現(xiàn)在的情況與以前相比較。比較是寫文章時常用的修辭手段。video recorder和the dishwasher之間進(jìn)行比較，用less連接兩個句子。)In all，it can be seen from the graph that British households enjoyed all ever-increasing ownership of

62、 consumer durables from 1972 to 1983(4.5.5 流程圖4.5.5.1 解題關(guān)鍵流程圖flow charts是一個難點。流程圖的題目基本不會重復(fù)；流程圖的詞匯隨著圖表不同而變化，很少出現(xiàn)重復(fù)的詞匯。幸運的是，流程圖考題次數(shù)并不多，一年大概三到五次，主要集中在年初年末三個月。         流程圖特點：²        1流程圖基本不會出現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)，文字信息占主要地位；²      &

63、#160; 2流程圖以描述為主，比較的機會比圖表題少；²        3流程圖中出現(xiàn)的信息都需要描述，而普通圖表則不需要描述每一個數(shù)據(jù)；²        4流程圖的時態(tài)多比較單一，主要用一般現(xiàn)在時；²        5流程圖的分段比較靈活，只要不同階段之間的差距很明顯，就可以另起一段。         描述流程五大步

64、F        1首先說明該過程是做什么工作的，目的是什么。F        2準(zhǔn)備工作。F        3按時間過程先后描述。F        4結(jié)果。F        5簡單總結(jié)(可有可無)。         描述一個實物器具的工作

65、過程F        1實物是什么，做什么用的。F        2基本結(jié)構(gòu)。F        3工作過程。F        4簡單總結(jié)。         擴(kuò)充內(nèi)容的關(guān)鍵：階段間進(jìn)行比較很多烤鴨們在流程圖寫作中經(jīng)常遇到字?jǐn)?shù)不夠的問題，這是由于描述過程太平鋪直敘。此時要注意各個階段的比較。例4-33：In two weeks，the fry wil