外研版高中英語必修一(共5頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上單詞1match vt.&n.使(和)調(diào)和，相配歸納拓展matchn.to/withn. 把和搭配起來/調(diào)和起來matchn.in/forn. 在某方面與匹敵，成為的對手matchn.against/withn. 使和交手/比賽matchn.或matchadv.和調(diào)和/適合/與相配match up 歸類，配套，搭配例句：The aim of the competition is to match the quote to the person who said it.比賽的要求是把引文和其作者搭配在一起。I never match him in English.We

2、are matched against last years champions in the first round.我們在第一回合就和去年的冠軍比賽。Its a good match for her dress. 同類辨析suit，fit與match這三個單詞都含有“適合”的意思，其區(qū)別是：(1)suit意為“適合”，多指衣服的顏色、款式、質(zhì)地上適合某人，穿起來協(xié)調(diào)、好看，合乎需要、口味、性格、條件和地位等。同類辨析(2)fit用作動詞，意為“與相符，(使)符合，適合”，多指衣物、鞋子等尺寸或大小合身、合腳。(3)match意為“使相稱，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色調(diào)、性質(zhì)等方面的搭

3、配?！炬溄佑柧殹縔our tie looks smart.It _ with your shirt perfectly.Thanks.Amatches BmeetsCagrees Dfits【解析】它和你的襯衫很相配。match指“(顏色等)相搭配”；B項meet“滿足”；C項agree“同意”；D項fit指“大小合適”。故正確答案為A?！敬鸢浮緼Will Thursday or Friday_you?Either will_.Afit；be Bfit；OKCsuit；all right Dsuit；do【解析】suit指“合某人的意”，第一句是：“周四還是周五合你的意”，do此處意為“合意”

4、、“哪一天都行”?！敬鸢浮緿2distance n距離；路程(常接介詞to，from，between)歸納拓展(1)at a distance相距稍遠，相隔一段距離at a distance of. 在遠的地方in the distance在遠處keep ones distance from sb./sth.與某人/某物保持一定距離keep sb.at a distance 與某人保持距離，不與某人親近(2)distant adj.遠的；久遠的；遠離的；冷淡的(常接介詞from)be distant towards sb.對某人冷淡be distant from. 離遠例句：They saw

5、a few houses in the distance.The dog looked dangerous，so I decided to keep my distance from it.這只狗看上去很危險，因此我決定與它保持距離。Instead of stopping to speak，she passed by with only a distant nod.【鏈接訓練】An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards，approximately _ from Marathon to Athens.Adistance Bthe distanceC

6、is the distance Dthe distance is【解析】the distance from Marathon to Athens是前面26 miles and 385 yards的同位語，屬于特指，【答案】B3frighten vt.使吃驚，驚嚇vi. 驚恐，害怕，受驚嚇歸納拓展(1)frighten sb./sth.away/off將某人或某物嚇跑frighten o/out of doing sth.嚇得某人做/不敢做某事(2)frightening adj.引起恐懼的；驚恐的；可怕的frightened adj.受驚的；恐懼的(3)be frightened

7、ofbe afraid of害怕be frightened at/by 對害怕，被嚇壞了be frightened to do sth.害怕做be frightened that.害怕例句：The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me. He will never forget the frightening experience.He was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building.【鏈接訓練】And then the _ wind blew the roo

8、f off.Oh，you must have been _.Afrightened；frightened Bfrightening；frighteningCfrightened；frighteningv Dfrightening；frightened【解析】第一個空作定語，說明wind的性質(zhì)、特征，用frightening；第二個空作表語，說明前面主語的情況，用frightened，表示“人感到恐懼的”?！敬鸢浮緿4supply vt.供應；提供；補充；滿足nU供應，供給；供應量 (pl.)供應品，一批東西，生活用品歸納拓展(2)a supply of. 的供應量 (be)in short s

9、upply短缺例句：They supplied the homeless children with food and clothing.They supplied food and clothing to/for the homeless children. A new supply of shoes is expected shortly.【鏈接訓練】The government has _ plenty of food and clothes of high quality to the people in Yushu.Asuffered BarrangedCadjusted Dsupp

10、lied【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。supply sth. to sb.“提供給某人某物”，符合題意。suffer“遭受，忍受”；arrange“安排”；adjust“調(diào)整”?！敬鸢浮緿短語1refer to 提到，說到，涉及；向某人詢問；查閱，參考歸納拓展(1)refer.to.讓參閱/參照，認為起源于；把提交給(以求獲得幫助等)(2)refer to.as把稱作refer to a dictionary查字典refer to sb./sth.提到某人/物例句：The dispute was referred to the United Nations.In his speech，he did

11、nt refer to the problem at all.California is referred to as the “Golden State”【鏈接訓練】It was foolish of him to_ his notes during the test, and as a result, he got punished.Astick to Bkeep toCrefer to Dpoint to【解析】考查關(guān)于to的動詞短語。結(jié)果，他受到了懲罰。refer to“參照，參考”，符合題意。stick to“堅持”；keep to“遵守，信守”；point to“指出”。均與題意不

12、符?！敬鸢浮緾Many people suggested that the thief_put into prison.However，the lawyer didnt agree.Areferred to be Breferred toCreferring to be Dreferred be【解析】考查suggest意為“建議”時，后面跟的賓語從句用虛擬語氣的用法，謂語動詞用(should) do形式；又referred to 過去分詞在句中作后置定語，故正確答案為A【答案】A2get on上(車、船等)；進展；進行；相處；繼續(xù)進行，進行下去歸納拓展get across 被理解，把講清楚g

13、et away (from)逃離；(談話)偏離(主題)get off 下車；動身，出發(fā)get down to 開始認真(做某事)(to為介詞)get on/along with 進行；進展；與相處get around 傳播get through 通過；做完；看完；打通(電話)例句：How does Gina get on with her colleagues?He saw a girl get on the bus.The workers couldnt get on for lack of materials.【鏈接訓練】Isnt David an efficient manager?Er

14、，David is really great，but sometimes he has problems_his ideas.Agetting around Bgetting alongCgetting across Dgetting off【解析】get (sth.) across (to sb.)“使(某事)被人理解”。如：He is not very good at getting his ideas across.他不善于表達思想。其他選項均不合題意?！敬鸢浮緾Scarcely could he _ this amount of work in two days.Aget off Bg

15、et intoCget down Dget through【解析】考查動詞短語。句意為：他是不可能在兩天之內(nèi)完成這些工作的。get off“下車；動身，出發(fā)”；get into“參與；開始從事”；get down“記下，寫下”；get through在此意為“做完”，符合題意?！敬鸢浮緿3take off(飛機)起飛；脫掉(衣服等)；突然大受歡迎；迅速流行；匆匆離開(常與for連用)；取下來，去掉，取消歸納拓展take down拿下，記錄下，拆卸take back帶回，收回(話)take.for granted認為理所當然，理應如此take up占據(jù)，拿起，著手處理，從事，開始(做)；接納(乘

16、客)，繼續(xù) take over接管，接任例句：The plane took off despite the fog.Its very warm in the room and youd better take off your coat. Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.【鏈接訓練】Sun Yue，a promising new star，said goodbye to CBA for NBA and is ready to_in a new world of basketball.Atake off Bget off C

17、turn off Dcome off【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。take off此處意為“(事業(yè))騰飛”，符合句意。get off“下(車、船等)；動身”；turn off“關(guān)掉”；come off“脫落，與分離”?！敬鸢浮緼4out of date過時的，過期的，老式的歸納拓展(1)up to date現(xiàn)代化的，最新式的make a date for sth.定下做某事的日期have a date with sb.同某人約會date back to/from追溯到，始建于(2)out of breath上氣不接下氣，氣喘吁吁out of control失控out of reach夠不著out

18、of order出毛病out of the question不可能out of question不成問題；毫無疑問4out of date過時的，過期的，老式的歸納拓展(1)up to date現(xiàn)代化的，最新式的make a date for sth.定下做某事的日期have a date with sb.同某人約會date back to/from追溯到，始建于(2)out of breath上氣不接下氣，氣喘吁吁out of control失控out of reach夠不著out of order出毛病out of the question不可能out of question不成問題；毫無

19、疑問【鏈接訓練】Isnt it better that you wear this dress to attend the party?No，its _.Aup to date Bout of dateCbehind the time Dof date【解析】out of date是固定短語，意為“過時的”。句意為：穿這件禮服去參加晚會難道不是很好嗎？不，它已經(jīng)過時了?！敬鸢浮緽You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _.Adate Bshape Corder Dbalance【解析】out of shape是“變形

20、”的意思，根據(jù)前面“你坐在我的帽子上”可判斷出帽子是“變形”了。out of date意為“過時”；out of order意為“混亂”；out of balance意為“失衡”?！敬鸢浮緽句型1Where do you think most of the people live，in the central part of the country or on the coast?歸納拓展(1)where do you think是一種復合特殊疑問句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：特殊疑問詞do you think陳述語序。從語法角度講，do you think是插入語。無論疑問詞在句中作什么成分，think后面

21、都用陳述語序。除think外，常見的動詞還有believe，suppose，imagine，guess和suggest等。(2)I think，I believe，I suppose，I guess，I imagine，I find，I understand，I trust，I know，I say，I hear等可用作插入語，置于句中或句末，通常用逗號隔開，此類插入語，若置于定語從句中可不用標點隔開。例句：What do you think the central part of the country is like？你認為國家的中部怎么樣？Whom do you suppose he w

22、ould go with?你認為他會和誰一起去？It was fortunate，he thought，that the rain had stopped.他想幸好雨停了?！炬溄佑柧殹縚 you have seen both fighters，_ will win?ASince；do you think whoBWhen；whoeverCAs；who you think DSince；who do you think【解析】第一空考查引導詞，根據(jù)句意選擇since意為“既然”；第二個空考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)，即“特殊疑問詞do you think陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，故答案為D。【答案】D歸納拓展(1)Woul

23、d you mind.？后面接名詞、動名詞以及if引導的從句。if從句中要用一般過去時表示虛擬語氣。但Do you mind后的if從句不用過去時態(tài)。(2)回答Would you mind或Do you mind.？問句時，一定要特別注意前后文的一致性，常見的表示“不介意”的答語有：Certainly not；Not at all；Not a bit；No，go ahead。表示“介意”的答語是：Im sorry，but I do；Yes，I do mind；Im sorry，but youd better not。【鏈接訓練】Would you mind_over one seat？My w

24、ife and I can sit together._.Id like to help you.Amove；Yes Bmoving；Of course notCto move；Of course Dmoving；Certainly【解析】would you mind后面接名詞、動名詞，排除A、C；根據(jù)答語可知應為“不介意”，排除D，答案為B?！敬鸢浮緽語法1過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。(1)及物動詞的過去分詞單獨作定語既可表被動又可表完成。例句：Have you read the books written by the young

25、 writer？你讀過那位年輕作家的作品嗎？(2)不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，一般作前置定語，它不表示被動意義，而是強調(diào)動作的完成。例如：fallen leaves落葉the risen sun升起的太陽(3)單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。例句：We needed much more qualified workers.我們需要更多的合格的工人。有些單個的過去分詞也可以作后置定語，用來強調(diào)動作，如invited，received，used等。例句：They decided to change the material used.他們決定更換使用的材料。(4)過去分詞短語作定語要

26、放在被修飾的名詞后面，其作用相當于一個定語從句。例句：The girl dressed in white is my daughter.The girl who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的女孩子是我的女兒。(5)如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/nothing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復合代詞或指示代詞those等時，即使是單個的過去分詞作定語，也要放在被修飾詞的后面。例句：Is there anything unsolved？還有沒解決的事嗎(6)單個過去分詞與名詞或副詞構(gòu)成復合形容詞時，放在其修飾的名詞前作前置定語。例句

27、：This is a stateowned factory.這是一家國有工廠。【鏈接訓練】Tom looked at Jenny, with tears filling his eyes, and shouted out the words_ in his heart for years.Ahiding BhiddenCto hide Dto be hidden【解析】考查過去分詞作定語。句意為；湯姆看著珍妮，眼里充滿了淚水。大聲吼出了他這些年藏在心里的話。hidden在此作后置定語修飾words，相當于定語從句which were hidden in his heart for years。

28、【答案】BThe Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.Ato be completed Bhaving been completedCcompleted Dbeing completed【解析】句意為：建立于19世紀初的市政廳是當時最與眾不同的建筑。根據(jù)句意可知The Town Hall后需加后置定語，根據(jù)in the 1800s可知已完成，故選C?！敬鸢浮緾The professor，_ out the project，made a comment on the report.Aw

29、as opposed to carry Bopposed to carryCopposed to carrying Dopposed carrying【解析】短語be opposed to sth./doing sth.意思為“反對(做)某事”。此處用過去分詞短語作后置定語，相當于定語從句who was opposed to carrying?！敬鸢浮緾2過去時間狀語一般過去時主要表示過去某一時間發(fā)生的動作或情況，其用法主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：(1)一般過去時表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。例句：Last night we went to enjoy a good perform

30、ance.昨天晚上我們看了一場不錯的演出。(2)表示過去的習慣動作，通常同時間狀語或頻度狀語連用。例句：He smoked a lot five years ago.五年前他吸煙很厲害。(3)used to含有強烈的今昔對比意味，可以和狀態(tài)動詞連用；而would表示過去常常的意思時，不能與狀態(tài)動詞連用，常與表示具體動作的詞連用。例句：There used to stand a tower at the foot of the hill.過去山腳下聳立著一座塔。(不用would)(4)在句型It is time that.，It is about time that.和It is high time that.后的從句中以及在would rather，would sooner，had