住宅小區(qū)配電設(shè)計外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯中英文(共18頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 (含：英文原文及中文譯文)譯文字?jǐn)?shù)：3700多字 文獻(xiàn)出處： J Ehnberg. Power of Community Distribution to DesignJ Value Engineering, 2016, 2(3):14-21英文原文 Power of Community Distribution to DesignJ EhnbergABSTRACTThe basic function of the electric power system is to transport the electric power towards custom

2、ers. The l0kV electric distribution net is a key point that connects the power supply with the electricity using on the industry, business and daily-life. For the electric power, allcostumers expect to pay the lowest price for the highest reliability, but don't consider that it's self-contra

3、dictory in the co-existence of economy and reliable.To improve the reliability of the power supply network, we must increase the investment cost of the network construction But, if the cost that improve the reliability of the network construction, but the investment on this kind of construction woul

4、d be worthless if the reducing loss is on the power-off is less than the increasing investment on improving the reliability .Thus we find out a balance point to make the most economic, between the investment and the loss by calculating the investment on power net and the loss brought from power-off.

5、KEYWORDS: power supply and distribution, power distribution reliability , reactive compensation, load distributionIn general, major changes to the building include: high voltage and low voltage distribution systems, transformers, and backup power systems. Power systems include power distribution and

6、 control, indoor and outdoor lighting systems include all types of lighting, and lightning protection systems include intrusion protection, lightning sensors, grounding, equipotential bonding, and local equipotential bonding. Auxiliary equipotential bonding. In just 20 years, the system has undergon

7、e enormous changes in the face of technology and products. Many design ideas have also changed dramatically. Switchgear, such as the first circuit-breaker oil circuit breaker in a high-voltage system, and the subsequent development of an oil circuit breaker, are not only large in size but generally

8、contain oil. Due to the large size of the switchgear, we must also establish a separate equipment room that occupies a large amount of floor area. Vacuum circuit breakers and sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers are not only small in size, but also have a large short-circuit capacity. The size of th

9、e housing is much larger than that of the original cabinets, and the circuit breakers do not have any oil and the fire performance is greatly improved. And circuit breakers and other low-voltage devices are in one room, which saves space and is easy to manage. In the past, large-capacity low-voltage

10、 circuit breakers gradually increased the capacity of the short-circuit current, gradually reduced the scale, and became more stable, making the system safer and more reliable, which facilitated the design. Towards the development of intelligent low-voltage circuit breakers, various parameters of th

11、e circuit breaker can be controlled by the bus industry and the signals are transmitted directly to the computer.The appearance of dry-type transformers has brought great convenience to the electrical design of buildings because there is no possibility of leakage of transformer oil and fire so that

12、it can be easily installed in the building itself and even directly into the load center. It also eliminates the transformer's demand for oil and can use dry-type transformers when building large-capacity equipment. Four Taiwanese 2500kVA dry-type transformers have been used in actual engineerin

13、g design.In terms of using emergency generators, it is much more advanced than in the past in terms of performance and size. In addition to using diesel generators; emergency lighting uses EPS standby power; devices that interrupt power within a millisecond can use UPS.The control of electrical equi

14、pment varies from the control of a single component to the control of relays. In addition to the smaller size of the various components for better performance, the specification of the control box is also reduced. Because digital technology is more used in control to achieve the best control status

15、to control the equipment. Further improve the effect of energy conservation.The revolution of electric power system has brought a new big round construction, which is pushing the greater revolution of electric power technique along with the application of new technique and advanced equipment. Especi

16、ally, the combination of the information technique and electric power technique, to great ex- tent, has improved reliability on electric quality and electric supply. The technical development decreases the cost on electric construction and drives innovation of electric network. On the basis of natio

17、nal and international advanced electric knowledge, the dissertation introduces the research hotspot for present electric power syetem as following.Firstly, This dissertation introduces the building condition of distribution automation(DA), and brings forward two typical construction modes on DA cons

18、truction, integrative mode and fission mode .It emphasize the DA structure under the condition of the fission mode and presents the system configuration, the main station scheme, the feeder scheme, the optimized communication scheme etc., which is for DA research reference.Secondly, as for the (DA)

19、trouble measurement, position, isolation and resume, This dissertation analyzes the changes of pressure and current for line problem, gets math equation by educing phase short circuit and problem position under the condition of single-phase and works out equation and several parameter s U& , s I

20、& and e I& table on problem . It brings out optimized isolation and resume plan, realizes auto isolation and network reconstruction, reduces the power off range and time and improves the reliability of electric power supply through problem self- diagnoses and self-analysis. It also introduce

21、s software flow and use for problem judgement and sets a model on network reconstruction and computer flow.Thirdly, electricity system state is estimated to be one of the key techniques in DA realization. The dissertation recommends the resolvent of bad measurement data and structure mistake on the

22、ground of describing state estimate way. It also advances a practical test and judging way on topology mistake in state estimate about bad data test and abnormity in state estimate as well as the problem and effect on bad data from state measure to state estimate .As for real time monitor and contro

23、l problem, the dissertation introduces a new way to solve them by electricity break and exceptional analysis, and the way has been tested in Weifang DA.Fourthly, about the difficulty for building the model of load forecasting, big parameter scatter limit and something concerned, the dissertation int

24、roduces some parameters, eg. weather factor, date type and social environment effect based on analysis of routine load forecasting and means. It presents the way for electricity load forecasting founded on neural network(ANN),which has been tested its validity by example and made to be good practica

25、l effect.Fifthly, concerning the lack of concordant wave on preve nting concordant wave and non-power compensation and non-continuity on compensation, there is a topology structure of PWM main circuit and nonpower theory on active filter the waves technique and builds flat proof on the ground of Sab

26、er Designer and proves to be practical. Meanwhile, it analyzes and designs the way of non-power need of electric network tre- nds and decreasing line loss combined with DA, which have been tested its objective economic benefit throu- gh counting example.Sixthly, not only do the dissertation design a

27、 way founded on the magrginal electric price fitted to our present national electric power market with regards to future trends of electric power market in China and fair trade under the government surveillance, that is group competitio n in short-term trade under the way of grouped price and quanti

28、ty harmony, but also puts forward combination arithmetic, math model of trading plan and safty economical restriction. It can solve the original contradiction between medium and long term contract price and short term competitive price with improvement on competitive percentage and cut down the unfa

29、ir income difference of electric factory, at the same time, it can optimize the electric limit for all electric factories and reduce the total purchase charge of electric power from burthen curve of whole electric market network.The distribution network is an important link among the power system. I

30、ts neutral grounding mode and operation connects security and stability of the power system directly. At the same time, the problem about neutral grounding is associated with national conditions, natural environment, device fabrication and operation. For example, the activity situation of the thunde

31、r and lightning, insulating structure and the peripheral interference will influence the choice of neutral grounding mode Conversely, neutral grounding mode affects design, operation, debugs and developing. Generally in the system higher in grade in the voltage, the insulating expenses account for m

32、ore sizable proportion at the total price of the equipment. It is very remarkable to bring the economic benefits by reducing the insulating level. Usually such system adopt the neutral directly grounding and adopt the autoreclosing to guarantee power supply reliability. On the contrary, the system w

33、hich is lower in the voltage adopts neutral none grounding to raise power supply reliability. So it is an important subject to make use of new- type earth device to apply to the distribution network under considering the situation in such factors of various fields as power supply reliability, safety

34、 factor, over-voltage factor, the choice of relay protection, investment cost, etc.The main work of this paper is to research and choice the neutral grounding mode of the l0kV distribution network. The neutral grounding mode of the l0kV network mainly adopts none grounding, grounding by arc suppress

35、ing coil, grounding by reactance grounding and directly grounding. The best grounding mode is confirmed through the technology comparison. It can help the network run in safety and limit the earth electric arc by using auto-tracking compensate device and using the line protection with the detection

36、of the sensitive small ground current. The paper introduces and analyzes the characteristic of all kind of grounding modes about l0kV network at first. With the comparison with technological and economy, the conclusion is drawn that the improved arc suppressing coil grounding mode shows a very big d

37、evelopment potential.Then, this paper researches and introduces some operation characteristics of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode of the l0kV distribution network. And then the paper put emphasis on how to extinguish the earth electric arc effectively by utilizing the resonance principle. Th

38、is paper combines the development of domestic and international technology and innovative achievement, and introduces the computer earth protection and autotracking compensate device. It proves that the improved arc suppressing coil grounding mode have better operation characteristics in power suppl

39、y reliability, personal security, security of equipment and interference of communication. The application of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode is also researched in this paper.Finally, the paper summarizes this topic research. As a result of the domination of the arc suppressing coil groundin

40、g mode, it should be more popularized and applied in the distribution network in the future.The way of thinking, project and conclusions in this thesis have effect on the research to choose the neutral grounding mode not only in I0kV distribution network but also in other power system.The basic func

41、tion of the electric power system is to transport the electric power towards customers. The l0kV electric distribution net is a key point that connects the power supply with the electricity using on the industry, business and daily-life. For the electric power, all costumers expect to pay the lowest

42、 price for the highest reliability, but don't consider that it's self-contradictory in the co-existence of economy and reliable. To improve the reliability of the power supply network, we must increase the investment cost of the network con- struction But, if the cost that improve the reliab

43、ility of the network construction, but the investment on this kind of construction would be worthless if the reducing loss is on the power-off is less than the increasing investment on improving the reliability .Thus we find out a balance point to make the most economic, between the investment and t

44、he loss by calculating the investment on power net and the loss brought from power-off. The thesis analyses on the economic and the reliable of the various line modes, according to the characteristics various line modes existed in the electric distribution net in foshan.First, the thesis introduces

45、as the different line modes in the l0kV electric distribution net and in some foreign countries. Making it clear tow to conduct analyzing on the line mode of the electric distribution net, and telling us how important and necessary that analyses are.Second, it turns to the necessity of calculating t

46、he number of optimization subsection, elaborating how it influences on the economy and reliability. Then by building up the calculation mode of the number of optimization subsection it introduces different power supply projects on the different line modes in brief. Third, it carries on the calculati

47、on and analyses towards the reliability and economy of the different line modes of electric distribution net, describing drafts according by the calculation. Then it makes analysis and discussion on the number of optimization subsection.At last, the article make conclusion on the economy and reliabi

48、lity of different line modes, as well as, its application situation. Accordion to the actual circumstance, the thesis puts forward the beneficial suggestion on the programming and construction of the l0kV electric distribution net in all areas in foshan. Providing the basic theories and beneficial g

49、uideline for the programming design of the lOkV electric distribution net and building up a solid net, reasonable layout, qualified safe and efficiently-worked electric distribution net.Auto-Tune SequenceThe auto-tuning sequence begins after the hysteresis and deviation values have been determined.

50、The tuning process begins when the initial output step is applied to the loop output.This change in output value should cause a corresponding change in the value of the process variable. When the output change drives the PV away from setpoint far enough to exceed the hysteresis boundary a zero-cross

51、ing event is detected by the auto-tuner. Upon each zero crossing event the auto-tuner drives the output in the opposite direction.The tuner continues to sample the PV and waits for the next zero crossing event. A total of twelve zero-crossings are required to complete the sequence. The magnitude of

52、the observed peak-to-peak PV values (peak error) and the rate at which zero-crossings occur are directly related to the dynamics of the process. Early in the auto-tuning process, the output step value is proportionally adjusted once to induce subsequent peak-to-peak swings of the PV to more closely

53、match the desired deviation amount. Once the adjustment is made, the new output step amount is written into the Actual Step Size field (ASTEP) of the loop table. The auto-tuning sequence will be terminated with an error, if the time between zero crossings exceeds the zero crossing watchdog interval

54、time. The default value for the zero crossing watchdog interval time is two hours.中文譯文住宅小區(qū)配電設(shè)計J Ehnberg摘要電力系統(tǒng)的基本功能是向客戶輸送電力。 10kV配電網(wǎng)是將電力供應(yīng)與用于工業(yè)，商業(yè)和日常生活中的電力相連接的關(guān)鍵點。對于電力而言，所有用戶都希望以最高的可靠性支付最低的價格，但不要認(rèn)為它在經(jīng)濟和可靠性的共存方面是自相矛盾的。為了提高供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可靠性，我們必須增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)的投資成本但是，如果提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)可靠性的成本，但如果減少的損失是在關(guān)閉的時候，這種建設(shè)的投資將是毫無價值的，小于增加的改善

55、投資通過計算電網(wǎng)投資和停電帶來的損失，找出投資與虧損之間最具經(jīng)濟性的平衡點。關(guān)鍵詞：供配電，配電可靠性，無功補償，負(fù)荷分配電氣工程設(shè)計包括兩個主要的設(shè)計方面。主要是一部分的電能的轉(zhuǎn)換及分配和電 力的供配、照明系統(tǒng)、防雷接地系統(tǒng)。一般來說 , 建筑主要的變化包括 :高壓和低壓配 電系統(tǒng)、變壓器、備用電源系統(tǒng)。電力系統(tǒng)包括配電和控制,室內(nèi)和室外照明系統(tǒng)包括所有類型的照明,防雷系統(tǒng)包括入侵波防護、閃電傳感器、接地、等電位連接和局 部等電位連接等。輔助等電位連接等。在短短的 20年里 , 系統(tǒng)在技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品的面貌發(fā) 生了翻天覆地的變化。許多的設(shè)計理念也發(fā)生了巨大的變化。開關(guān)設(shè)備如高壓系統(tǒng)的 第一個斷路器

56、油斷路器,后來油斷路器的逐步發(fā)展 , 不僅規(guī)模大 , 但是一般都包含油物 質(zhì)。 由于開關(guān)設(shè)備尺寸較大 , 我們還必須建立獨立的設(shè)備房間 , 占據(jù)了大量的建筑面積。 現(xiàn)在真空斷路器和六氟化硫斷路器 , 不僅體積小 , 而且短路容量大,外殼尺寸遠(yuǎn)小于原 來的櫥柜, 并且斷路器沒有任何油 , 防火性能大大提高。 而且斷路器和其他低壓設(shè)備在 一個房間里 , 這樣即節(jié)省空間又方便管理。過去大容量的低壓斷路器 , 短路電流容量逐 漸變大 , 規(guī)模也逐漸變小 , 而且更加穩(wěn)定 , 使系統(tǒng)運行更加安全可靠 , 為設(shè)計帶來了方 便。向著智能化低壓斷路器方向發(fā)展 , 斷路器各種參數(shù)可以通過總線工業(yè)控制 , 信號直

57、 接傳輸?shù)接嬎銠C。干式變壓器的出現(xiàn) , 對建筑電氣設(shè)計帶來了極大的方便 , 因為沒有變壓器油泄漏和 火災(zāi)的可能性 , 以便它可以很容易地安裝在建筑本身 , 甚至直接到負(fù)荷中心。它還消除 變壓器對油的需求限制 , 構(gòu)建大容量設(shè)備時可以使用干式變壓器。 在實際工程設(shè)計中曾 應(yīng)用四個臺灣 2500kVA 干式變壓器。在使用緊急發(fā)電機方面 , 從性能和尺寸的角度來看 , 比過去進步很多。除了使用柴 油發(fā)電機;應(yīng)急照明使用 EPS 備用電源;中斷供電在一個毫秒以內(nèi)的設(shè)備 , 可以使用 UPS 。電力設(shè)備的控制從單一元件的控制到控制繼電器控制變化。除了更好的性能的各 種組件的規(guī)模較小 , 也降低控制箱的規(guī)

58、模。 由于數(shù)字技術(shù)更多的運用于控制能達(dá)到最佳 的控制狀態(tài)來控制設(shè)備。進一步提高了節(jié)能的效果。電力系統(tǒng)革命帶來了新一輪大型建設(shè)，隨著新技術(shù)，先進設(shè)備的應(yīng)用，推動了電力技術(shù)的更大革命。特別是，信息技術(shù)和電力技術(shù)的結(jié)合，極大地提高了電氣質(zhì)量和電力供應(yīng)的可靠性。技術(shù)發(fā)展降低了電力建設(shè)的成本，推動了電網(wǎng)的創(chuàng)新。在國內(nèi)外先進電氣知識的基礎(chǔ)上，本文介紹了目前電力系統(tǒng)的研究熱點如下。首先，介紹了配電自動化（DA）的建設(shè)條件，提出了DA建設(shè)，一體化模式和分裂模式兩種典型的建設(shè)模式，著重分析了裂變模式下的數(shù)據(jù)采集結(jié)構(gòu)，給出了系統(tǒng)配置，主站方案，饋線方案，優(yōu)化通信方案等，供DA研究參考。其次，針對（DA）故障測量，

59、定位，隔離和恢復(fù)的問題，本文分析了線路問題的壓力和電流變化，在單相和工作條件下通過導(dǎo)出相短路和問題位置得到數(shù)學(xué)方程out方程和幾個參數(shù)s U，s I和e I問題表。通過問題自我診斷和自我分析，帶來優(yōu)化的隔離和恢復(fù)計劃，實現(xiàn)自動隔離和網(wǎng)絡(luò)重構(gòu)，縮短斷電范圍和時間，提高供電可靠性。它還引入了軟件流程和用于問題判斷，并為網(wǎng)絡(luò)重構(gòu)和計算機流程建立了一個模型。第三，電力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)估計是DA實現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。在描述狀態(tài)估計方式的基礎(chǔ)上，推薦了不良測量數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤的解決辦法。對狀態(tài)估計的拓?fù)溴e誤以及從狀態(tài)測量到狀態(tài)估計的不良數(shù)據(jù)問題和影響提出了實際測試和判斷方法。針對實時監(jiān)測和控制問題，通過斷電和異常分析，介紹了解決這些問題的新途徑，并在濰坊DA測試中進行了試驗。第四，關(guān)于建立負(fù)荷預(yù)測模型的難度，大參數(shù)分散極限等問題，本文介紹了一些參數(shù)，天氣因素，日期類型和社會環(huán)境效應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了常規(guī)負(fù)荷預(yù)測和手段。提出了基于神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)（ANN）的電力負(fù)荷預(yù)測方法，并通過實例驗證了該方法的有效性，取得了較好的實際效果。第五，針對諧波不協(xié)調(diào)，無功補償和補償不連續(xù)的缺陷，提出了PWM主電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和非功率理論