初中英語(yǔ)重要句型及語(yǔ)法

1、初中英語(yǔ)重要句型及語(yǔ)法1want to do sth.=would like to do sth=feel like doing sth想做某事want sb to do sth.=would like sb to do sth想要某人做某事2enjoy doing sth. =like dong sth=love dong sth 喜歡做某事（習(xí)慣，愛好） like to do sth 喜歡去做某事 （具體某一次） 3hold on to do sth. 繼續(xù)做某事go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 continue doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 consider doing

2、sth.考慮做某事 give up doing sth.放棄做某事 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事finish doing sth.完成某事have/has/had fun doing sth.某事很快樂(lè)have experience doing 在做某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn)begin doing sth開始做某事start doing sth開始做某事spend time doing sth. 花時(shí)間做某事be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事make a living doing sth.以謀生.have a difficu

3、lt time doing sth.做.難have a problem doing sth.做.難have trouble doing sth.做.難keep on doing sth. = keep sb. doing sth.不停地做某事4be good at doing sth 擅長(zhǎng)于做某事 do well in doing sth擅長(zhǎng)于做某事 thank you for doing sth 感謝做某事thanks for doing sth感謝做某事be used for doing sth 被用于做某事be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣做某事how about doing

4、 sth 做某事怎樣what about doing sth 做某事怎樣put off doing sth推遲做某事take pride in doing sth.以為自豪by doing sth通過(guò)做某事be afraid to do sth害怕做某事be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做某事5be doing sth.正在做某事（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)）be going to do sth =will do sth=shall do sth=want to do sth打算做某事（將來(lái)時(shí)）have

5、/has done sth做過(guò)某事(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))have/has been doing sth一直做某事（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）have/has been in一直在某地have/has been to 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地（已回來(lái)，強(qiáng)調(diào)有這個(gè)經(jīng)歷）have/has gone to 已經(jīng)去某地了（人不在這里）6remember to do sth記得去做某事（沒做）remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事（已做）forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事（沒做）forget doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事（已做）stop to do sth停下來(lái)去做某事stop doing sth停止

6、做某事7ask sb. about sth.向某人詢問(wèn)某事ask sb.for sth.向某人詢求某物8why not do sth為什么不做某事why dont you do sth為什么不做某事9Do sth ,please=please do sth請(qǐng)做某事please not do sth請(qǐng)不要做某事Dont do sth,please請(qǐng)不要做某事had better do sth最好做某事had better not do sth最好不做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事mind not doing sth. 介意不做某事decide to do sth.決定做某事dec

7、ide not to do sth.決定不做某事plan to do sth 計(jì)劃做某事plan not to do sth 計(jì)劃不做某事make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sb.not do sth. 使某人不做某事ask sb. to do sth 叫某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事tell sb. to do sth叫某人做某事tell sb. not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事try to do sth. 努力做某事try not to do sth. 努力不做某事Let sb do sth讓某人做某事Let sb

8、not do sth讓某人不做某事expect sb. to do sth期望某人做某事be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事11.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事invite sb. to do sth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事need to do sth.需要做某事12.help sb do sth= help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事 13.find sb do sth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做過(guò)某事(已做)find sb doing sth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正做某事see sb do sth看見某人做過(guò)某事(已做)see sb d

9、oing sth看見某人正做某事watch sb do sth看見某人做過(guò)某事(已做)watch sb doing sth看見某人正做某事hear sb do sth聽見某人做過(guò)某事(已做)hear sb doing sth聽見某人正做某事14. Its +形容詞+to do sth. = To do sth is+形容詞 做是.的15. doing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money做某事花某人一些時(shí)間或錢=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人一些時(shí)間或錢=sb. spends some time/mone

10、y (on sth.)某人花費(fèi)某些時(shí)間或錢在某事上=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth. 某人花費(fèi)某些時(shí)間或錢做某事=sth. costs sb. some time/money某事花了某人一些時(shí)間或錢=sb. pay some money for sth.某人為某物花了一些錢15.prefer sb./sth.更喜歡某人/某物prefer doing sth.更喜歡做某事(愛好)prefer to do sth. 更喜歡去做某事(具體某一次)prefer sb. to do sth. 更喜歡某人做某事prefer doing sth to do

11、ing sth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.更喜歡去做某事而不做某事.do sth rather than do sth 做某事而不做某事或做某事勝于做某事16a number of=many 許多 the number of.的數(shù)量，謂語(yǔ)是單數(shù) one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞 表示“ 之一 ”18because of+詞/短語(yǔ)because+句子19borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入) lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借給某人某物(借出) give sth to sb把某物

12、給某人=give sb sth給某人某物20be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事be used to do sth被用于做某事used to do sth過(guò)去常做某事21make a contribution to doing sth.為.做貢獻(xiàn) look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事 22what + ( a/an)+形名（主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)）！how+形（主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)）！What a beautiful girl she is!她是個(gè)多么漂亮的姑娘！What bad weather it is!真糟糕的天氣！How delicious the food is!好

13、美味的食物！23too much +名詞，表示“太多”much too+形容詞或副詞，表示“太”24openopen 打開開著的 sleepasleep 睡覺睡著的closeclosed 關(guān)閉關(guān)著的 wakeawake醒來(lái)醒著的crossacross動(dòng)詞介詞25in front of 在物體內(nèi)部的前面in the front of 在物體外部的前面26in the tree 外來(lái)物在樹上on the tree 樹本身物在樹上27hundred, thousand, million在具體數(shù)字前不能加s，表示概數(shù)時(shí)：hundreds of數(shù)百， thousands of數(shù)千, millions o

14、f數(shù)萬(wàn)。28完成時(shí)常和already已經(jīng),ever曾經(jīng),never從不,just剛剛,before之前,yet還,so far到目前為止,these days目前,since自從,for達(dá)，計(jì)等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)是“have /has done sth”或“have/has been doing sth”29. since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，常和ago連用， for+一段時(shí)間，不能和ago連用，動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的如:keep或be+形容詞等，注意：buy, borrow, lend ,leave, die等是短暫性動(dòng)詞30too +形容詞或副詞+to do sth,表示“太而不能” so+形容詞或副詞+tha

15、t+從句，表示“如此以至于.”31except除了（減去后者） besides除了（加上后者）32含有否定意義的單詞有：no沒有,never從不,nothing沒事,nobody沒人,none沒事/沒人,hardly幾乎不,few很少，幾乎沒有,little很少，幾乎沒有。33everyone, everything, something, anything, somebody, anybody等是不定代詞，不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)也用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。34形/副+enough，如：big enough, busy enough 不定代詞+形/副，如：so

16、mething different, anything wrong35. “比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越” “the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越, 就越”36比較級(jí)前面常用much, even, a little, far來(lái)修飾,絕不能用more來(lái)修飾.37. be+動(dòng)詞ing，表示進(jìn)行時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)。 be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由by引出動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者.38主句是一般過(guò)去式，從句也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但從句是客觀真理時(shí)要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。39 whetheror not是否40 if是否if如果，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)：主將從現(xiàn)，從現(xiàn)主將。（從句主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)

17、詞要加s或es）40. 表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反獲與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的時(shí)候用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.從句:If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式一律用were)。主句:主語(yǔ)+would+動(dòng)詞原型。41 also, both, all要放在be后，行為動(dòng)詞前。如:We are all Chinese, We all like China. 我們都是中國(guó)人，我們愛中國(guó)。42 形容詞通常放在be, keep, sound, look, feel，的后面,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，放在動(dòng)詞的后面,如：The problem is easy,I can do it easily.以下是形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~：goodwell luckylucki

18、ly clearclearly alonelonelyhappyhappily badbadly friendlyfriendlily politepolitelyquickquickly slowslowly especial especially easyeasily carefulcarefully nearnearly susessfulsusessfully loudloudly43. so+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞, 表示“.確實(shí)如此”44.Me,too =so+ 助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)，用于肯定句,表示“.也是” Me neither=Neither+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)=主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞否定式,either,

19、用于否定句.如：I am Chinese, Me,too =so am II am not Japanese, Me neither= Neither am I=I am not,either.44. there be某地有某物 have/has 某人有某物 there will be=there is going to be將會(huì)有45.when+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(短暫性動(dòng)詞)while+be +動(dòng)詞ing(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)46. some和something用于肯定句或表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句，希望得到肯定的回答。any 和anything用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。47. 基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞：onefirst twose

20、cond threethird fivefifth twelvetwelfth eighteighth nineninth twentytwentieth48.星期：Sunday ,Monday, Tuesday ,Wednesday ,Thursday , Friday, Saturday月份：January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.49.季節(jié): spring, summer, autumn, winter.50. good/wellbet

21、terbest 好更好最好bad/badlyworseworst 糟糕更糟糕最糟糕many/muchmoremost 多更多最多farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest 遠(yuǎn)更遠(yuǎn)最遠(yuǎn)littlelessleast +不可數(shù)名詞, 少更少最少fewfewerfewest +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), 少更少最少51.一般疑問(wèn)句常以am /iswas, arewere, cancould, do/doesdid willwould, mustmust, shallshould, have/hashad開頭，用yes或no回答.其否定式是：isntwasnt arentwerent

22、dont/doesntdidnt cantcouldnt wontwouldnt havent/hasnthadnt mustmustnt shouldshouldnt注意：must開頭的疑問(wèn)句不能用mustnt 回答，而用neednt來(lái)回答。52選擇疑問(wèn)句用or連接，選擇其中一個(gè)回答。53. 特殊疑問(wèn)句以疑問(wèn)詞開頭:what什么？ where在哪里？ when什么時(shí)候？what time幾點(diǎn)？Why為什么？ how怎樣？how old幾歲？how many多少？ how much多少？how often多久時(shí)間一次 how long 多久？（用for+一段時(shí)間回答）how soon 多快（用

23、in+一段時(shí)間回答）, 特殊疑問(wèn)句根據(jù)具體情況回答.還有 what color什么顏色？what size? 什么尺寸？what subject什么科目？what do you think of.?=how do you like?你認(rèn)為怎么樣？Whats the weather?=hows the weather like?天氣如何？54. drivedriver teachteacher readreader playplayer writewriter listenlistener singsinger dancedancerinventinventor visitvisitor act

24、 actor cookcook55. windwindy sunsunny cloudcloudy snowsnowy rainrainy56. ChinaChinese JapanJapanese AmericaAmericanCanada Canadian AustraliaAustralian57. AsiaAsian EuropeEuropean58. peoplepeople ChineseChinese AmericanAmericans sheepsheep footfeet toothteeth childchildren manmen womanwomen tomatotom

25、atoes potatopotatoes heroheroes NegroNegroesleafleaves lifelives thiefthieves knifeknives shelfshelvesselfselves wifewives wolfwolves59.invent(發(fā)明) invention(發(fā)明) inventor(發(fā)明家) care(小心) careful(小心的) carefully (小心地)operate(手術(shù)) operation(手術(shù)) helphelpful(有幫助的)friend(朋友)friendly(友好的) happy(高興的)unhappy(不高興

26、的) usual(平常的)unusual(不平常的) like(喜歡)unlike(不喜歡)60. something, anything, somewhere, everyone, everything, each等是不定代詞，不定代詞要放在形容詞前面，如：somewhere interesting(某個(gè)有趣的地方) something wrong（一些毛?。┎欢ù~做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：Everyone in our class likes junk food very much.61. 代詞 (pron.)第一人稱單數(shù)第二人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)（三單）第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)第

27、三人稱復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞我你 / 你們他她它我們他們主格Iyouhesheitwethey賓格meyouhimheritusthem物主代詞我的你的/ 你們的他的她的它的我們的他們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsourtheir名詞詞性mineyourshishersitsourstheirs反身代詞myselfyourself/yourselveshimselfherselfitselfourselvesthemselves注：（1）代詞要放在短語(yǔ)中間，如：pick it up不能說(shuō) pick up it。（2）主格做主語(yǔ)（動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者），賓格做賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)作的承受行者）。（3）形容詞性物主代

28、詞+名詞=名詞性物主代詞（4）help yourself 隨便吃如:Help yourself to some fruit.（5）enjoy oneself 過(guò)得開心. 如:They enjoy themselves.（6）by oneself 單獨(dú)地,孤獨(dú)地. 如:I finish my homework by myself. (7 ) learn.by oneself 自習(xí)62. 動(dòng)+ing形式可以做主語(yǔ)，注意：謂語(yǔ)要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：Eating more fruits and vegetables is good for our health.63.also要放在be后，行為動(dòng)詞

29、前。(both, all也一樣)64. be made of用.制成(能看出原材料) be made from 用制成(看不出原材料) 65. such as舉例（2個(gè)或2個(gè)以上對(duì)象） for example舉例（只有一個(gè)對(duì)象）66. Youre welcome=Not at all不用謝，別客氣。Thats all right=Thats OK=Its my pleasure不用謝，別客氣。67. Thats right對(duì)！ Thats wrong錯(cuò)！ All right=Ok 行！好的！68. Thank you all the same = Thank you anyway依然謝謝！還是

30、謝謝。69. Im sorry to hear that, 聽了很難過(guò)，很抱歉，很遺憾。70.It doesnt matter.沒關(guān)系。 Im sure you will.我相信你會(huì)。Im afraid I cant. 恐怕我不能。 Im afraid not.恐怕不會(huì)。Its hard to say.很難說(shuō)。 Im not sure.我沒確定。Iv no idea.我沒拿定注意。 I think so.我認(rèn)為這樣。Congratulations! 祝賀你！ I dont think so. 我不認(rèn)為。Well done! 干得好！ I dont care我不介意。 No hurry 不著急。 Never mind不介意。71.home, here, there是副詞，前面不能有任何介詞，如:go home 回家，get home 到家，come here來(lái)這, go there去那里, over there在那邊.71.on ones way home 在某人回家的路上。 on the way在路上。 in the way從某方面說(shuō)。 by the way順便說(shuō)說(shuō)。72.分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母要加s，如：2/3: two thirds, 1/4: one fourth, 3/4：three fourths或three quarters