高考全國(guó)1卷英語(yǔ)試題解析版

1、word絕密啟封前試卷總評(píng)：2022年高考英語(yǔ)新課標(biāo)I卷試題整體難度與往年大體相同。其中，閱讀理解體裁多樣，有記敘文、說(shuō)明文等，側(cè)重考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解能力和推理判斷能力，缺少了歷年來(lái)的應(yīng)用文閱讀。完形填空仍是夾敘夾議文，著重考查實(shí)詞在語(yǔ)篇中的準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用，難度適中。語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)涉及到動(dòng)詞，形容詞，名詞，等常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)，充分考查了學(xué)生對(duì)篇章解讀以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的掌握。書(shū)面表達(dá)是學(xué)生熟悉的書(shū)信文體，話題接近學(xué)生生活，人人有話可說(shuō)，有感而發(fā)。給考生提供了充分的拓展空間，具有開(kāi)放性，難度較低?？记绊氈?1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指

2、定位置。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類型A后的方框涂黑。 2.選擇題的作答：每題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。 3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。 4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一卷第一局部 聽(tīng)力共兩節(jié)，總分值 30 分 做題時(shí)，現(xiàn)將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。 第一節(jié)共 5 小題；每題 1.5 分，總分值 7.5 分聽(tīng)下面 5 段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的 A,B,

3、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。 例： How much is the shirt A. 19.15 B. 9.18 C. 9.15 答案是 C。1.What are the speakers talking aboutA. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift 2.What is the woman going to doA. Help the man.B. Take a bus.

4、 C. Get a camera 3.What does the woman suggest the man doA. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate, s friends.C. Stay away from Kate. 4.Where does the conversation probably take placeA. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5.What does the woman meanA. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for

5、fresh air. C. Turn on the fan. 聽(tīng)第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。6.What is the man going to do this summerA. Teach a course.B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel. 7.How will the man use the moneyA. To hire a gardener.B. To buy books.C. To pay for a boat trip. 聽(tīng)第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。8.What is the probable relationship betwee

6、n the speakersA. Schoolmates.B. Colleagues.C. Roommates. 9.What does Frank plan to do right after graduationA. Work as a programmer.B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business. 第二節(jié) 共15小題；每題1.5分，總分值22.5分聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘；

7、聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至12題10.Why does the woman make the callA. To book a hotel room. B.To ask about the room serviceC.To make changes ti a reservation11.When will the women arrive at the hotelA.On September 15B. On September 16C. On September 2312.How much will the woman pay her

8、 room per nightA. $179 B.$199 C. $219聽(tīng)第9段材料，答復(fù)第13至16題。13.What is the womans plan for SaturdayA. Going shopping B. Going camping C.G oing boating14.Where will the woman stay in KeswickA. In a country inn B. In a five-star hotel C. In her aunts home15.What will Gordon do over the weekendA. Visit his f

9、riends B. Watch DVDs C. Join the woman16.What does the woman think of Gordons coming weekendA. Relaxed B. Boring C. Busy.聽(tīng)第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題17.Who is Wang MingA.A student B. An employer C .An engineer18.What does the speaker say about the college job market this yearA. Its unpredictable B. Its quite s

10、table C. Its not optimistic19.Whar percentage of student job seekers have found a job by nowA20 B. 22 C. 5020.Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a jobA. They need more work experienceB. The salary is usually goodC. Their choice is limited.第一局部 閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，總分值40分第一節(jié)共15小題：每題2分，總分值30分閱讀以下短

11、文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years Jane Addams(1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social

12、 worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社區(qū))by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If

13、it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans. Sandra Day OConnor(1930-present) When Sandra Day OConnor

14、finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(參議員) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years

15、 on the top court. Rosa Parks(1913-2005) On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights move

16、ment. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in, said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in historyA. Her social work.B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.22. What is the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firmA. Her lack

17、of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the USA. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks.24. What can we infer a

18、bout the women mentioned in the textA. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.【答案】21 -24 A C D.C【解析】23.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段倒數(shù)第二句中and kicked off the civil-rights movement可知，Rosa Parks對(duì)民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)做出了奉獻(xiàn)。應(yīng)選D。24.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)這幾個(gè)人物的介紹可知，這些女性都是在各自的領(lǐng)域?yàn)樯鐣?huì)做出奉獻(xiàn)的先驅(qū)。應(yīng)選

19、C?？键c(diǎn)：考查人物類短文閱讀【技巧點(diǎn)撥 】細(xì)節(jié)理解題的解題可以先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)題眼，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的：段落、語(yǔ)句，仔細(xì)品味，對(duì)照比擬，確定答案。BGrandparents Answer a Call As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their c

20、hildren, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of gran

21、dparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a stud

22、y grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family. “in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough fast enough

23、to prove we could do it on our own, says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate magazine for grandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when youre raining children.Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her g

24、randchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.25. Why was Garzas move a successAIt strength

25、ened her family ties. BIt improved her living conditions.CIt enabled her make more friends.DIt helped her know more new places.26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decisionA17% expressed their support for it.BFew people responded sympathetically.C83% believed it had a bad influen

26、ce.DThe majority thought it was a trend.27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960sAThey were unsure of raise more children.BThey were eager to raise more children.CThey wanted to live away from their parents.DThey bad little respect for their grandparent.28. What does the author suggest the g

27、randparents do in the lasr paragraph A. Make decisions in the best interests' of their own B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them C. Sacrifice for their struggling children D. Get to know themselves better【答案】25-28. A D C A26.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句Two thirds believe more families will follow t

28、he example of Obamas family可知，很多人會(huì)受Marian Robinson的影響，所以這回形成一種潮流。應(yīng)選D 。27.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句可知，在60年代人們都希望離開(kāi)家，以此來(lái)證明自己的獨(dú)立。應(yīng)選 C。28.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段推知，作者建議人們要明智不要為了孩子而做出犧牲。應(yīng)選A ?？键c(diǎn)：社會(huì)生活類短文閱讀【技巧點(diǎn)撥】推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。此類題要求通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下文邏輯關(guān)系及事物的開(kāi)展變化等的信息，推斷出作者暗含的意思。解題關(guān)鍵要注意說(shuō)明作者觀點(diǎn)、立場(chǎng)的動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞等。28題中那么根據(jù)it is wiser t

29、o say no推斷出作者的立場(chǎng)。C I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells干細(xì)胞in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells ar

30、e harvested from a donor(捐獻(xiàn)者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washingt

31、on then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington. So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently

32、needed for a patient-please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom. She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job, youre c

33、onsciously aware than that box youre got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier in Paragraph17A provider B delivery man C collector D medical doctor30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hoursA.Hecannotstayaw

34、ayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatverymuch.D.Theicewon'tlastanylonger.31.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirstA.ToLondonB.To Newark C.ToProvidence D.ToWashington【答案】29-31.B D.B【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了作者在一次運(yùn)送造血干細(xì)胞途中的一段經(jīng)歷，表現(xiàn)了人們之間的友愛(ài)。29.B詞義猜想題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容 Ive don

35、e 89 trips和I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box以及第二段內(nèi)容可知作者是運(yùn)送干細(xì)胞的人，也就是delivery man。應(yīng)選B 。【技巧點(diǎn)撥】詞義猜想題的答題技巧。1.根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜想2.根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜想3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等)進(jìn)行猜想4.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或比照關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜想。在本文中要根據(jù)上下文對(duì)作者工作的描寫(xiě)來(lái)推測(cè)出正確的詞義?？键c(diǎn)：故事類短文閱讀 DThemeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,o

36、rtheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(間隙)withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingape

37、rson'sneeds. ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenly stops,whatmaybeimplied(暗示)isthattheperson wants the listener to consider what has been said be

38、fore continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to

39、 show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respec

40、t, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so tha

41、t a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32. What does the author say about silence in conversation

42、sA. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thoughtA. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silenceA

43、. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.35. What may be the best title for the textA. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is G

44、old【答案】32-35.C A D B33.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中 what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中國(guó)人認(rèn)為談話時(shí)人們的沉默是在思考談話內(nèi)容。34.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段末句A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients 可知

45、，作者建議護(hù)士要利用沉默的好處來(lái)護(hù)理病人。應(yīng)選D 。35.B主旨要義題。文章主要介紹了在不同文化背景下談話期間的沉默的不同含義，由此判斷B選項(xiàng)可以概括文章內(nèi)容。應(yīng)選B ?？键c(diǎn)：社會(huì)生活類短文閱讀第二節(jié) 共 5 小題，每題 2 分，總分值 10 分 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Secret codes (密碼)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when

46、information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “

47、My elephant eats too many eels Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me would read “13 5 20 13 5. A code uses s

48、ymbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet and “out might stand for “me. The message “bridge out would actually mean “Meet me. 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for

49、long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D. Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E. Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspe

50、llitout.F. Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G. Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet. 【答案】36.-40 D E G.F A38.G考查對(duì)上下文的理解和判斷能力。根據(jù)后面的解釋內(nèi)容可以判斷這是介紹密碼設(shè)置的又一種方法，故G選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealp

51、habet.符合語(yǔ)境。39.F考查對(duì)上下文的理解和判斷能力。根據(jù)后面的舉例以及前句中的 a code book可以判斷該句是介紹密碼書(shū)的使用，故判斷F選項(xiàng)Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.可以起到承上啟下的作用。40.A考查對(duì)上下文的理解和判斷能力。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容的轉(zhuǎn)折可知盡管利用密碼書(shū)可以破譯密碼，但是一本密碼書(shū)也不會(huì)使用很久的時(shí)間，故判斷A選項(xiàng)Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.符合語(yǔ)境。考點(diǎn)：七選五閱讀理解【歸納總結(jié)】七選五閱讀填空考查考生對(duì)文章的

52、整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題技巧如下：1.注重句式的對(duì)接，比方排比句，祈使句等。2. 注重詞匯的銜接：也就是利用上下文所重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞，即詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)原那么進(jìn)行判斷，其中包括同義詞，原詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)。3.注重舉例或解釋等。如37題和39題只需要利用for example來(lái)進(jìn)行解題。第三局部 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用 共兩節(jié)，總分值 45 第一節(jié) 完形填空共 20 小題；每題 1.5 分，總分值 30 分 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C 和 D中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 A Heroic Driver Larry works with

53、Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was _41_along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larr

54、y pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (滅火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毀壞的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they

55、 saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people ar

56、rive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the womans life.41. A. walking B. touring Ctraveling Drushing42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If44. A. each B. another C. that D. his45. A.