動(dòng)詞用法（課堂PPT）

1、1Grade 7 (Book1) GrammarThe Usage of Verbs動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。動(dòng)詞的種類：1）按其作用可分為連系動(dòng)詞、行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。2）動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語(yǔ)，可分為兩類：及物動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞，縮寫形式分別為vt.和vi.。 3 連系動(dòng)詞本身有一定的意義，但不完整，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，必須和表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞： be，become，get，look，seem，feel，smell，sound，keep，become，turn 初一上冊(cè)我們所見(jiàn)到的連系動(dòng)詞為:be動(dòng)詞。 e.g. She is a g

2、ood swimmer. 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞45am; is;arebe動(dòng)詞包括“am”, “is”, “are”三種形式。第一人稱單數(shù)(I)配合am來(lái)用。句型解析：I am+I am smart .I am ten years old. I am a student. I am a boy.第二人稱(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+You are my good friend. You are a good person.You are beautiful.第三人稱單數(shù)(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +She is a

3、good girl.She is so cute.She is a teacher.人稱復(fù)數(shù) (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students. 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞be是是am, is, are三者的原形，一般三者的原形，一般不直接出現(xiàn)在句子中，而是以不直接出現(xiàn)在句子中，而是以am, is, are的的形式出現(xiàn)。因此建議用歌謠熟記形式出現(xiàn)。因此建議用歌謠熟記be的用法的用法: 歌曰：歌曰： 我我( I)用用am, 你你

4、(you)用用are， is連著他連著他(he) 、她、她(she)、它、它(it); 單數(shù)單數(shù)is復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)are, 學(xué)好英語(yǔ)就靠它。學(xué)好英語(yǔ)就靠它。 變否定，變否定，很很容易，容易，be的的后后面面not添添； 變疑問(wèn)，變疑問(wèn)，也不難，把也不難，把be 放在句首前放在句首前， 句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄，句，句首大寫莫忘記。首大寫莫忘記。11你能總結(jié)出be動(dòng)詞的各種句式嗎？肯定句：否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定答語(yǔ)：否定答語(yǔ)：特殊疑問(wèn)句：主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are)+其它.主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are) +not +其它.Be(Am, Is, Are) +主語(yǔ)+其它？Yes, 主語(yǔ)

5、（代詞）+be(am, is, are).No, 主語(yǔ)（代詞）+be(am, is, are) +not.疑問(wèn)詞+be(am, is, are) +其它？一、用一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 Amy _ her sister.2. His name _ Kate.3. -What _ your phone number? -It _284-2942.4. - _ you Cara? - No, I _ Gina.5. Her brothers name _ John.6. His family name _ Li.isisisAreamisisis( )1. Where _ t

6、hey from? Theyre from China. isB. am C. are( )2. Is she Maria? No, she _.A. is B. isnt C. arent( )3. Are they from Canada? No, they _.A. are B. arentC. isnt( )4. Is he Li Ping? Yes, _.A. ImB. hesC. he is( )5. _ you Mingming? Yes, I _.A. Are; are B. Am; am C. Are; am( )6. Mary _ from Cuba. isB. am C.

7、 are14請(qǐng)根據(jù)要求改變句型請(qǐng)根據(jù)要求改變句型: This is a ruler. （改為否定句）（改為否定句） Im a student. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句并肯定回答）（改為一般疑問(wèn)句并肯定回答） These are her things.（改為否定句）（改為否定句）1. That is my sister. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句并否定回答）（改為一般疑問(wèn)句并否定回答）This isnt a ruler.isnt =is notAre you a student? Yes, I am.These arent her things.arent = are notIs that your sist

8、er? No, it isnt.15請(qǐng)繼續(xù)做下面的題目：5. Those are erasers. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句并肯定回答）6. This is an orange. （提問(wèn)劃線部分）7. These are apples. （提問(wèn)劃線部分）8. My notebook is on the desk. （提問(wèn)劃線部分）Are those erasers? Yes, they are.Whats this?Whatre (=What are) these?Where is your notebook?1617一、什么是行為動(dòng)詞 行為動(dòng)詞意義完整，能獨(dú)立用作謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞be和動(dòng)詞have一般表示

9、狀態(tài)，而行為動(dòng)詞大都來(lái)表示動(dòng)作，如work, study, swim等。 初一上冊(cè)我們主要接觸的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中行為動(dòng)詞的用法。18二、行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成二、行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成 行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)須用動(dòng)詞原形表示，但當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，詞尾須加-s或-es，其構(gòu)成方法與名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成方法相同，現(xiàn)以動(dòng)詞work為例：I IYouYou（你）（你）HeHeSheSheIt ItWeWeYouYou（你們）（你們）TheyTheywork.works.work.19三、行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法三、行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法1）表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)：I usually

10、 walk to school.They work here.My grandfather watches TV every evening.He goes to school by bus.2）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理：The sun rises in the east.The earth moves round the sun.Two plus two makes four.20四、行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成n行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式的n構(gòu)成方法和名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法完全一樣。n1 1）一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加）一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加s s：work worksrun runs

11、live lives21n2）以）以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es：finish finishesteach teacheswatch watchesguess guessesfix fixesmix mixes22n4 4）如詞末為）如詞末為o o，o o前加前加 es es：go goesdo doesn3 3）以輔音字母加）以輔音字母加y y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y y為為i i再加再加es es：carry carriesfly flies但但play plays的的y之前是元音字母，只加之前是元音字母，只加s。23 一、 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。 例如：She

12、always eats (eat) her lunch at noon. She _ (do）the housework. The children _ (go) to school in the morning. Mrs. Smith _(stay) at home. Their father _ (take) them to school.doesgostaystakes24下列句子怎么改成一般疑問(wèn)句：1.I like running.2.Daming comes from China.3.William likes computer games.Do you like running?D

13、oes Daming come from China?Does William like computer games?2526 助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義，不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示否定、疑問(wèn)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)或其他語(yǔ)法形式。常見(jiàn)的助動(dòng)詞有be，have(has)，do(does)，will，shall等。 在初一上冊(cè)書中我們主要接觸的助動(dòng)詞為do(does)。助助動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞27用作用作助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞的的do（does）與用作）與用作行為動(dòng)行為動(dòng)詞詞的的do（does）。）。1、do（does） 用作行為動(dòng)詞一般表示用作行為動(dòng)詞一般表示“做做”、“干干”等意思。等意思。We do mor

14、ning exercises every day. Jack often does some washing on Sundays.She never does her homework in the evening.282、do（does）作助動(dòng)詞的用法。 主要用來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句、否定句、否定祈使句或用于替代等。 1） 構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句，例如： Do you want to pass the test?2）構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句，例如： Where are you come from?3） do + not 構(gòu)成否定句，例如：He doesnt like to study. 4) 構(gòu)成否定祈使句，例如

15、：Dont go there.5）用于替代Does he like the job? Yes, he does。29 1、助動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞do在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中幫助構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句，在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中幫助構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)在句首加主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)在句首加does,其結(jié)構(gòu)是其結(jié)構(gòu)是：Do+ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形? They live near our school. Do they live near our school? The students like learning English. Do the students like learning English? 30

16、2)Does + 主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形? He watches TV every evening. Does he watch TV every evening? My father teaches Chinese. Does your father teach Chinese?簡(jiǎn)略回答用助動(dòng)詞簡(jiǎn)略回答用助動(dòng)詞do/does 和和dont/doesnt 代替代替行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞.Do you often go shopping with your mother?-Yes, I do. / -No, I dont.Does his mother work

17、in that factory?-Yes, she does. / -No, she doesnt.(回答時(shí)須用人稱代詞回答時(shí)須用人稱代詞)312、助動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞do（does）在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中幫助）在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中幫助構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？一般疑問(wèn)句？ When do we have breakfast? Where does he play basketball？ How many books do you have?32將下列句子改為否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句：將下列句子改為否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句：1 1）They work in a f

18、actory.They work in a factory.2 2）Mary likes sports.Mary likes sports. 3 3）The boys go to school on foot.The boys go to school on foot.They dont work in a factory.Do they work in a factory?Mary doesnt like sports.Does Mary like sports?The boys dont go to school on foot.Do the boys go to school on fo

19、ot?331. The kangaroo likes eating meat. (改為否定句改為否定句) The kangaroo _ eating meat.2. The monkey lives in the jungle. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _ the monkey _ in the jungle?3. The snake comes from Asia. (對(duì)劃線部對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)分提問(wèn)) _ the snake _ from?Where doesdoesnt likeDoeslive come3435 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有一定的詞義，表示說(shuō)話人的情緒，態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣。 初一上冊(cè)我

20、們接觸最多的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是can，表示“能，會(huì)”做某事。 情情態(tài)態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞36singswimride a bikenShe can sing.nHe can swim.nThey can ride a bike.一、Say what the people in the picture can do.37 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的否定句，直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后加not,成為can not,縮寫為cant。38二、把下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň洹?1、Lingling can ride a horse. 2、He can speak Chinese. 3、Lingling and Daming can play t

21、he piano. 4、My father can play table tennis. 5、She can swim. cant cant cant cant cant39 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can的一般疑問(wèn)句，直接將can提至句首，回答的主語(yǔ)和問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)要一致。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即表達(dá)“某人會(huì)（不會(huì)）做某事”用“can(cant)+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。40 三、把下列句子變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答。 1、Lingling can ride a horse. 2、I can speak Chinese.Can Lingling ride a horse?Yes，she can.

22、/ No，she cant.Can you speak Chinese?Yes，I can. / No，I cant. 41 -Who can sing in English in your class? 你們班上誰(shuí)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)唱歌？-Lily can.莉莉會(huì)。 -How many boats can you see in the river? 你能看見(jiàn)河中有多少只船嗎？-Only one boat.僅有一只。 -What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖畫中看到什么？-I can see some birds and two big trees in it. 我能看到一些鳥(niǎo)兒和兩棵大樹(shù)。42 can的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型為的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型為: 1. w