魯教版八年級上冊Unit1-Could-you-please-clean-your-room課文講解-知識點(diǎn)-練習(xí)-2

1、9Do one thing at a time, and do wellUnit3 Could you please clean your room? Grammar 語法Could you（please）+ V-原形？表示委婉地提出請求1. Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure. / Of course./ Certainly./All right.2. Could you please do the dishes?Sorry, I cant. I have to do my homework.Do you mind if I use you

2、r car for a day? Never mind. /Not at all. 表“不介意”。Could I please use your computer? Sorry, Im going to work on it now. Well, could I watch TV? Yes, you can. Could I/you please ？表示一種有禮貌的請求或提議，其后連接原形動詞，比Can you /I？語氣更委婉。類似句型有： Would you like + sth. / to do sth.? May I + do sth.? Shall we + do sth.? Wou

3、ld you mind + sth. /doing sth.? What / How about + sth. /doing sth.? 肯定回答有Sure. /Of course. / Certainly. /OK. /Great. / Well. / Good idea. / I agree. 等。否定回答有Sorry / No, you cant. 等。 Section A 1.Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？【解析1】Could you please do sth ?請你（做）.好嗎？用于提出請求，希望得到

4、對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I cant【解析2】take out 取出（v+ adv） 【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間； 跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛The gift is

5、in the box. You can take it out.2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？do the dishes 洗碗 【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服 【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生 【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do ones + 名詞 do ones housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè) 【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物3. Could I at least

6、finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？【解析1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做.嗎？用于表達(dá)請求，語氣比較委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?【解析2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超過【解析3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了?！窘馕?】two hours

7、 of TV表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 How time is flies! Three years _(be) really a short time.作形容cci詞 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）【解析2】enough I dont have enough money with me.作 副詞 足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后） The river is deep enough for swimming. 【記】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isnt kind enough to help o

8、thers.【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。 5. Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？【解析】take out 拿出；取出take 的用法：拿；取Please take some books to the classroom. 吃；喝；服用 Take this medicine three times a day.乘（車；船等）take They usually take the bus to work.花費(fèi)（

9、時間；金錢） It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 構(gòu)成的短語：take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take ones time 不急；慢慢來take ones temperature 量體溫6. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over . 我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面，我媽媽就過來了?！窘馕?】the minute

10、 = as soon as “一. 就.” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front ofin front of 指在物體外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】 in the front of 指在物體內(nèi)部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【記】 The driver sat _ the car. The policeman stood _ the car.【注意】有the

11、無the區(qū)別大： at table 吃飯；進(jìn)餐 at the tabel 在桌邊 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。窘馕?】come over 過來 【拓展】 come 短語：come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于come in/into進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點(diǎn)come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片

12、)沖洗出來7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務(wù)！【解析】all the time = always 一直；總是【拓展】與time相關(guān)的短語： on time 按時 in time 及時 at the same time同時 form time to time偶爾 the first time 第一次 at times 有時 time and time again 一再；經(jīng)常 last time上次 next time 下次8. Im just as tired as yo

13、u are! 我和你一樣累！【解析】as.as . 和.一樣. 【注】比較級倍數(shù)表達(dá)句型為：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞、副詞原級+as+比較對象【解析】考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)。題干主語中心詞為介詞短語as well as之前的musician， 故謂語使用單數(shù)9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的時間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做?！窘馕觥縩either +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人（主語） 也不” neither兩者都不 neither nor 既不也不,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主

14、語確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表達(dá)“也不” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔?！窘馕觥縡ind +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語【注】find found found v尋找 (1) find sb. doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很find it

15、difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難11. She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道?！窘馕觥縤n surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地surprise v 使吃驚surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 surprised adj. 吃驚的 to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對感到吃驚12. “ Im do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a cle

16、an and comfortable home.” I replied. “對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！?我回答說?！窘馕?】need v 需要用于肯定句，是實義動詞。(1)人做主語，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞(1)neednt = dont have to 沒有必要(2)need ,must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用neednt Must I go there now? Y

17、es，you must/No, you needntshare sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把.懸掛/掛起14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析】pass v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某人 Pass on 傳遞 Please pass the paper on to the

18、other students. v 通過；路過 I pass your home. v 通過（考試） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析】borrow /lend/keep (1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進(jìn)來”】 borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to

19、 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人 He doesnt want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】【記】 I want to _ a bike from my friend but he didnt _ it to me, Because Tom had _ it for two days.16. I cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕?！窘馕觥縯

20、ry (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 試穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】 (3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事17. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)?！窘馕觥縣ate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表

21、示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性行為或動作。 She hates smoking in her room. 18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。ask for 請求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人請求幫助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請求某人做某事 ask構(gòu)成的短語：短語含義ask sb. to do sth請某人做某事ask sb. not to d

22、o sth不讓某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 尋求幫助19.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事【解析2】while conj. “在期間； 當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”While 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞?！窘馕?】help sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人?！咀ⅰ縣elp v 幫助 helpful adj. 有幫助的(1)help sb. do sth. =h

23、elp sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with ones help在某人的幫助之下(3)without the help of 沒有在的幫助之下Unit3 Could you please clean your room?課文重難點(diǎn)講解Section B1. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請某人去某地【解析】invite v invitation n邀請(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀請某人做某事

24、(2)invite sb. to +地點(diǎn) 邀請某人去某地You should refuse his _(invite) .He is really friendly.We invited him _(join) us to practice speaking English.He invited a lot of friends _(come) to his birthday party.2. No, you cant have a party. 不， 你不能舉辦聚會?！窘馕觥縞ant 不能；不會3. I dont understand why some parents make their

25、kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)。【解析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事make made made v. 做， 制作， 使得(1) make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.【make短語】:make sure 確信 make a dialogue編對話 make a mistake犯錯誤(by mistake由于疏忽)make a noise

26、吵鬧 make faces做鬼臉 make friends (with)和.交朋友 make room for給.讓地方 make tea沏茶 make money賺錢 make a decision作出決定 make the bed 整理床鋪 make a living 謀生 make fun of = laugh at 取笑 4. They dont have time to study and do housework，too 他們也沒有時間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)?！窘馕觥縣ave time to do sth.有時間做某事have time =be free 有空5. Housework

27、is a waste of their time. 做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時間?！窘馕觥縜 waste of 浪費(fèi)a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時間 a waste of money 浪費(fèi)金錢waste v “浪費(fèi)” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花費(fèi)時間/金錢6. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大

28、學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時間用在學(xué)習(xí)上?！窘馕?】spend. on sth 在某事上花費(fèi).spend/pay/cost/take 花費(fèi)(1)spendspentspent v 花費(fèi),主語是人 sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sthsb. +spend +時間/錢+（in）doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.(2) pay paid paid v 支付，主語是人sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost

29、cost v 花費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4)taketook taken v 花費(fèi)It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動詞原形。in order to do sth 為了做某事【解析3】get into =enter 進(jìn)入【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語： get up 起

30、床 get back 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into進(jìn)入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從出來 get warm 變曖get ready for +n.為做準(zhǔn)備 get ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事get well康復(fù) get a chance 有機(jī)會、得到機(jī)會get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著) 7. Also,when they get older, they will ha

31、ve to do housrwork so theres no need for them to do it now.而且，當(dāng)他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做?！窘馕觥縢et older 長大 get/ become/ go辨析： get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。The days are getting longer and longer. become 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder.go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓8.

32、 It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)?！窘馕觥縫rovide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物 provide v 提供provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介詞用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介詞with)供應(yīng)某人某物相當(dāng)于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. provide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“

33、提供； 供給”provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物offer側(cè)重表示“愿意給予”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事supply 定期“供應(yīng)” , 強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物9. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 無論如何，我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難?！窘馕觥縜nyway 無論如何, (一

34、般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開）10. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我認(rèn)為對孩子們來說，學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的?！窘馕觥縄t is important for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是重要的11. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母?！窘馕觥縟epend on 依靠；信賴12.

35、 . Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每個人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔。【解析1】 do ones part 盡職責(zé)；盡本分Do ones part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責(zé)【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使.處于某種狀態(tài)” keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj . We must keep healthy.實義動詞 “保持；繼續(xù)” (1) keep ( on ) doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he k

36、ept on working (2) keep sb. Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 13. Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教 他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约??！窘馕觥縟evelop independence 培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識 develop vdevelopment n 發(fā)展developing adj.

37、 發(fā)展的 developed adj. 發(fā)達(dá)的a developing country 一個發(fā)展中國家a developed country 一個發(fā)達(dá)國家 14. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應(yīng)該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應(yīng)該參與?！窘馕觥縮ince conj. 既然 (表示對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首）14. Our

38、neighbors son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself. 我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學(xué)，但是在第一年的時候，他還不知道如何照顧自己?！窘馕觥縯ake care of 照顧【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語：take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出) take care當(dāng)心 take medicine服藥 take place發(fā)生 take ones temperature量

39、體溫take ones time別著急 take a walk散步15. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 結(jié)果，他常常生病，功課也落下了?！窘馕?】as a result 結(jié)果 （插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開）【解析2】fall ill 生病fall asleep 入睡16. The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future. 孩子們越早學(xué)會獨(dú)立，對他們的未來越好?！窘馕觥縯he + 比較級， the + 比較級 “越. 越. ”Unit 1.Could you please clean your room?重點(diǎn)短語 go out for dinner 出去吃飯 stay out late 在外面待到很晚 go to the movies 去看電影get a ride 搭車 work on 從事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事clean and tidy 干凈整潔 do the dishes 洗餐具 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾fold your/the clo