人教版選修8unit1A land of diversityP1教學(xué)設(shè)計

1、Unit 1 A land of diversity第一部分金色教案教學(xué)設(shè)計說明About the topic and the structures單元話題和結(jié)構(gòu)本單元主要圍繞具有多元文化的美國這一主題展開，重點(diǎn)介紹了加利福尼亞的多元文化特征，使學(xué)生對加州移民有深入了解并認(rèn)識到“美國是民族的熔爐”。通過本單元學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生跨文化交際意識，進(jìn)一步拓寬視野，為終身學(xué)習(xí)奠定良好基礎(chǔ)。通過本單元的語言技能訓(xùn)練，要求學(xué)生掌握書面表達(dá)中如何使用“方向和位置（direction and position）來介紹一個地方或描述一個事件，以及鼓勵別人說話的方法。本單元語言功能項(xiàng)目是：激勵、方向和位置。本單元語言

2、結(jié)構(gòu)項(xiàng)目是“復(fù)習(xí)名詞從句作主語、賓語和表語”。本單元還要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)寫作“非時間順序報道：地點(diǎn)描寫”。金色教案教學(xué)設(shè)計在單元課時劃分上與課本保持一致，即“閱讀課、知識課、運(yùn)用課三課時/三課型劃分”。但在實(shí)際教學(xué)過程中，建議教師依據(jù)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)、教學(xué)條件、學(xué)校安排的因素，對課本、對金色教案教學(xué)設(shè)計重新劃分課時，裁剪、拼接使用提供的材料，以便“物盡所用”，達(dá)到最佳教學(xué)效果。教師也可以參照金色教案提供的“實(shí)際教學(xué)過程課時劃分建議”進(jìn)行教學(xué)。Period 1Reading 閱讀課Warming Up 課本用一幅美國地圖啟發(fā)學(xué)生運(yùn)用他們已有的知識，以看圖填充形式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對美國的地理位置有個全面的認(rèn)識，同時有助

3、于學(xué)生弄清楚加利福尼亞州在美國所處的位置，美國西部山脈、五大湖、最長河流及主要城市等。讓學(xué)生通過英文釋義得出具體地名然后填圖，有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英文思維的能力。教師也可以采用本書提供的Warming up by talking about California進(jìn)行熱身活動。Pre-reading 通過Pre-reading by discussing，學(xué)生觀察圖片（包括“閱讀”部分的圖），敘述加州的土著人、金礦工和中國城的情況，進(jìn)行討論，為后面的閱讀做鋪墊。Reading 介紹了加利福尼亞州的美洲土著人、西班牙人、俄羅斯人、金礦工人、后來移民、最近移民與未來移民，使學(xué)生進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識到加州是一個多民

4、族、多文化的地方，并對加州的變化、發(fā)展過程有了更深的了解。教師可以參考使用本書提供的下列程序：Reading for forms; copying and making sentences; transferring information; reading the text again to draw a diagram of it and retell the story in your own words; closing down by writing a history account 幫助學(xué)生從形式到內(nèi)容兩方面掌握課文、活用課文。 Period 2Learning about la

5、nguage 知識課Learning about Language 課堂輔導(dǎo)應(yīng)該貫徹講練結(jié)合，精講多練的原則，教師的講解應(yīng)該幫助學(xué)生比較確切地了解語法規(guī)則的概念、結(jié)構(gòu)和用法，要突出語法現(xiàn)象中的難點(diǎn)、疑點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)。適量的練習(xí)可以幫助學(xué)生在語言實(shí)際的實(shí)踐中逐步掌握符合語法規(guī)則的語言表達(dá)方式。教師可以參考使用本書提供的下列程序: Warming up by talking about Hollywood; Learning about English word formation and discovering useful words and collocations; Revising Noun

6、Clauses <as the Subject, Object and Predicates> ; Closing down by watching The Incredibles, a Hollywood moviePeriod 3Using language運(yùn)用課Using Language課本圍繞加利福尼亞州這個話題設(shè)計練習(xí)?！盠istening and speaking”練習(xí)形式活潑多樣，有聽錄音、填寫明信片、填寫表格、討論、問答活動等，容易使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生身臨其境之感。此外，練習(xí)還要求學(xué)生變換角色編對話，增強(qiáng)語言的交際性?！癛eading and writing”部分以“Geo

7、rges diary”為主線設(shè)計了豐富多彩的練習(xí)，使人目睹加州美麗的自然風(fēng)光和人文景觀，領(lǐng)略加州文化。本部分把讀、寫有機(jī)地結(jié)合在一起，并注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語篇意識，注重學(xué)生綜合語言運(yùn)用能力的提高。建議教師參考使用本書提供的下列程序進(jìn)行教學(xué): Warming up by listening and reading aloud; Reading for forms; Copying and making sentences; Making sentences of Noun Clauses <as the Subject, Object and Predicates> ; Closing

8、down by reading and writing travel diaries。 實(shí)際教學(xué)過程課時劃分建議Period 1將Warming Up、 Pre-reading、Reading和Comprehending整合在一起上一節(jié)“閱讀課”。Period 2將Learning about language 和Workbook中的 USING WORDS AND COLLOCATIONS、USING STRUCTURES 整合在一起上一節(jié)“語言知識課”。Period 3將Using language 設(shè)計為一節(jié)包括聽說讀寫單項(xiàng)技能或組合技能訓(xùn)練的“綜合技能課（一）”。Period 4將Wo

9、rkbook 的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一節(jié)“聽說課”。Period 5將Workbook 的LISTENING TASK、READING AND WRITING TASK和 SPEAKING TASK整合為一節(jié)“綜合技能課（二）”。第二部分教學(xué)資源說明Section 1Background 背景圍繞單元話題“Festival around the world”，金色教案提供了幾則語言規(guī)范、短小精干的趣味性材料。這些材料既可以作為教師教學(xué)參考材料為教師所用，也可以直接或改寫、重組后作為課堂內(nèi)外的拓展性閱讀材料呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生。Section 2Expla

10、nation解析重點(diǎn)針對“閱讀課型”中的課文難句，金色教案不僅提供了詳盡的，就句論句的解析和翻譯，而且還以解析的焦點(diǎn)話題為線索，進(jìn)行了一定的歸納、辨析和總結(jié)，以幫助教師更好地實(shí)施“語言形式”的教學(xué)。Section 3Vocabulary詞匯按照課本單元詞匯表順序，金色教案重點(diǎn)提供動詞、短語搭配的講解。所提供的例句，經(jīng)典、地道、實(shí)用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教學(xué)。第三部分教學(xué)測評說明圍繞單元詞法、句法項(xiàng)目，金色教案提供了長短不一的“單元教學(xué)測評”，并備有參考答案供教師使用。有些測評題目直接源于歷年高考試卷，更具有說服力和實(shí)用性。Part 1 Teaching Design第一部分 教學(xué)設(shè)計Peri

11、od 1 A sample lesson plan for reading(CALIFORNIA)IntroductionIn this period, after the warming up, students will be guided to pre-read by discussing, read for forms, copy and make sentences. Then they shall read the text to transfer information. Next they will read the text again to draw a diagram o

12、f it and retell the story in their own words. The period will end by students writing a history account. ObjectivesTo help students understand the texts forms and contents and learn about a land of diversityTo help students communicate on the topic in focus with the words, collocations and structure

13、s learned in this unitFocusWordsillustrate, indicate, swap, slip, hire, insert, reactCollocationsby means of, occur to, team up with, mark out, take in, a great manyPatterns1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 2. However, in 1846 the United

14、 States declared war on Mexico and after it lost the war, Mexico had to give California to the United States. 3. Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California

15、in the 1860s. 4Now that you have read the text, you know a lot more about the pictures on pages 1-3.Aids Multimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagramsProcedures1. Warming up by talking about CaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the west coast of the United States. It is by far the mos

16、t populous state in the U.S., as well as the most physically diverse, with the highest and the lowest points in the lower 48 states located within 150 miles of each other. If California were an independent nation, it would have the fifth largest economy in the world (after the rest of the U.S., Japa

17、n, Germany, and Britain; see economy of California). The state's official nickname is "The Golden State" in reference to California's 1849 Gold Rush. 1 California's U.S. postal abbreviation is CA, and its Associated Press abbreviation is Calif.2. Pre-reading by discussingLook a

18、t the pictures on page 1. Discuss them in pairs. The famous Hollywood sign, a symbol of the city's world famous entertainment culture.Silicon Valley is a commonly used nickname for the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in northern California, USA, originally referring to the concentrat

19、ion of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers, but eventually becoming a metaphor for the entire concentration of high tech businesses.3. Reading for formsRead the text to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicates, darken the connectives and underline all the useful collocati

20、ons. 4. Copying and making sentencesA collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time. Then how to learn collocations?Be aware of collocations, and try to recognize them when you see or hea

21、r them. When you learn a new word, write down other words that collocate with it.Read as much as possible. Reading is an excellent way to learn vocabulary and collocations in context and naturally. Revise what you learn regularly. Practice using new collocations in context as soon as possible after

22、learning them. While going over the text, try to recognize the collocations, treat them as single blocks of language and copy them out into your Collocation Book.Useful collocations from CALIFORNIAthe third largest state in the USA美國第三大州, have the largest population人口最多, the most multicultural state

23、 in the US 美國最具多元文化的州, know the history of California了解加州的歷史, at various times 在不同的時代, attract from 吸引了來自的, it is likely that 很有可能, at least fifteen thousand years ago 至少在15,000年以前, by means of 通過, a land bridge 大陸橋, exist in prehistoric times史前時期曾經(jīng)存在過， in the 16th century 在16世紀(jì)，after the arrival of

24、 在來到之后, force into slavery 迫使成奴隸, in addition 此外, die from 死于, survive the terrible times 經(jīng)歷著些恐怖時期而活了下來, be ruled by 被所統(tǒng)治, in the early 16th century 在16世紀(jì)初期, fight against與打仗, take the land 奪去了土地, two centuries later 兩個世紀(jì)以后, along the northwest coast of 在西北沿海地區(qū)， religious men 宗教人士, teach the Catholi

25、c religion to 向傳授天主教， gain ones independence from 從獲得了獨(dú)立, declare war on 向宣戰(zhàn), lose the war 戰(zhàn)敗, a stronginfluence in 在仍保持的影響, over 40% of 有40%多的, speakas a first or second language 把作為第一或第二語言, in the early 1800s 在19世紀(jì)初期, live in and around 住在及附近， the dream of becoming rich quickly 發(fā)財夢, achieve ones d

26、ream of becoming rich 圓了發(fā)財夢, make a life for oneself 過自己的生活， become the thirty-first state 成為第31個州, a multicultural society一個多元文化的社會, during the Gold Rush Period在淘金熱時期, from the west to the east coast 從西海岸到東海岸，bring even larger numbers to吸引了更大批量的到， a large percentage 很大比例， stay in the “Chinatowns” o

27、f 住在的“中國城”, establish a town of ones own建立了他們自己的城鎮(zhèn), keep up ones culture 保持著自己的文化, establish the film industry 建立的電影行業(yè), have the second largest Jewish population 擁有第二大的猶太人口, at the beginning of the 20th century 在20世紀(jì)初期, work in the ship and aircraft industries 在船廠和飛機(jī)廠工作, in more recent decades 在最近的幾

28、十年里, since its beginning in the 1970 從20世紀(jì)70年代開始， the mix of nationalities 多種國籍的混合, major racial or cultural groups主要的種族或文化群體, a mixture of many races and cultures多種族、多文化的混合體5. Transferring informationNow you are going to the text again to note down the most important events in the California histor

29、y.CALIFORNIANative AmericansNative Americans living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago; crossing the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge; in the 16th century the native People suffering greatlyThe SpanishIn the18th century, California being ruled by Spain; firs

30、t arriving in South America in the early 16th century; two centuries later, the Spanish having settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the Untied States; there being still a strong Spanish influence in the stateRussiansIn the early 1800s, Russian fur

31、trappers settling in California; today there being about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San FranciscoGold minorsIn 1848, gold being discovered in California; the nearest, and the first to arrive being were South Americans, and people from the United States; adventurers from Europe, th

32、en later from Asia and even the Pacific Islands arriving soon after; California becoming the thirty-first state of the United States of America in 1850, being a multicultural societyLater arrivalsthe building of the railway from the west to the east coast bringing larger numbers of Chinese to Califo

33、rnia in the 1860; Italians arriving in California in the late 19th century; in 1911 immigrants from Denmark establishing a town of their own; by the 1920s the film industry being well established in Hollywood，California; today California being the second largest Jewish population in the United State

34、s; Japanese farmers arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century; people from Africa living in California since the 1800sMost recent arrivalsIn more recent decades, California having become home to people from Asia, including Cambodian, Koreans, Vietnamese and LaotiansThe futurePeople

35、 from different parts of the world still immigrating to California6. Reading the text again to draw a diagram of it and retell the story in your own wordsMost texts have a three-part structureintroduction, body, and conclusion. You can see this structure in texts whether they are narrating, describi

36、ng, comparing, contrasting, or analyzing information. Each part of the text plays an important role in communicating writers meaning to the reader. Now read the text for its structure and draw a text diagram. Retell the text story with the help of the diagram if possible. Type of writing and summary

37、 of CALIFORNIAA expository writing of CALIFORNIAPart 1:Native Americans Native Americans living in California at least 15,000 years agoPart 2:The Spanish In the18th century, California being ruled by Spain; The Spanish first arriving in South America in the early 16th centuryPart 3: RussiansIn the e

38、arly 1800s, Russian fur trappers settling in CaliforniaPart 4:Gold minorsIn 1848, gold being discovered in CaliforniaPart 5: Later arrivalsChinese coming to California in the 1860;Italians arriving in California in the late 19th centuryPart 6:Most recent arrivalsIn more recent decades, California be

39、coming home to people from AsiaPart 7:The futurePeople still immigrating to CaliforniaCALIFORNIAThe third largest state in the USA with the largest populationNative Americans living in California at least fifteen thousand years agoIn the18th century California ruled by SpainIn the early 1800s, Russian fur trappers, settling in CaliforniaIn 1848, gold miner