新概念3冊第二課PPT

1、equal i:kwl adj. 相等的，平等的相等的，平等的 vt. 等于，比得上等于，比得上 n. 同輩，平等，同輩，平等，(同等的同等的)人或事物人或事物Eg: 1)Women demand equal pay for equal work. 婦女要求同工同酬。婦女要求同工同酬。 2)He feels that they are his equals. 他覺得他們和他地位相等。他覺得他們和他地位相等。 3)None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer. 不管是容貌還是舞藝我們都比不上她。不管是容貌還是舞藝我們都比不上她

2、。 【語法用法語法用法】 1.equal作為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，屬于及物動(dòng)詞后面作為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，屬于及物動(dòng)詞后面可直接加賓語，不需要加介詞可直接加賓語，不需要加介詞 eg: One plus ones equals two.2 .be equal to表示表示“與與相等，相等， 能勝任能勝任”，其中，其中equal為形容詞，為形容詞， 介詞介詞to不可省略。不可省略。 eg:One plus one is equal to two. 3. be equal in表示表示“在某方面相等在某方面相等” 如如be equal in price可解釋為可解釋為“在價(jià)格上相等在價(jià)格上相等”； 4. equal解釋為解釋

3、為“勝任勝任”時(shí)，時(shí)， 后可接后可接to和動(dòng)名詞，不可接不定式。和動(dòng)名詞，不可接不定式。 eg:I am equal to performing this duty. 我能勝任這個(gè)責(zé)任。我能勝任這個(gè)責(zé)任。 錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析：錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析： 翻譯翻譯: 你認(rèn)為你可以勝任這項(xiàng)任你認(rèn)為你可以勝任這項(xiàng)任 務(wù)嗎？務(wù)嗎？ 錯(cuò)句錯(cuò)句: Do you think you are equal in the task? 訂正訂正: Do you think you are equal to the task?【詞義辨析】 match, equal, rival這些動(dòng)詞均含“相稱、比得上、與相比”之意。ma

4、tch: 指對手之間力量、強(qiáng)度、性能指對手之間力量、強(qiáng)度、性能或利益等的較量或競爭。或利益等的較量或競爭。equal: 指在數(shù)量、價(jià)值或程度等方面指在數(shù)量、價(jià)值或程度等方面已完全相等。已完全相等。rival: 指某人或某物在和對手競爭中指某人或某物在和對手競爭中，在能力、質(zhì)量等方面都能與之相匹，在能力、質(zhì)量等方面都能與之相匹敵，都能比得上。敵，都能比得上。vicar vik n. 教區(qū)牧師，教教區(qū)牧師，教堂牧師，傳教牧師堂牧師，傳教牧師 eg:He is vicar of a large rural parish. 他是農(nóng)村一大牧區(qū)的牧師。他是農(nóng)村一大牧區(qū)的牧師。Raise reiz n. 上

5、升，增高上升，增高; 高地高地 vt. 升起，舉起，飼養(yǎng)升起，舉起，飼養(yǎng); 提出，引起提出，引起Eg: Its difficult raising a family on a small income. 依靠微薄的收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。依靠微薄的收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。 She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence. 她舉起一根手指放在唇邊，示意肅靜她舉起一根手指放在唇邊，示意肅靜 錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析：它會慢慢的變得過熱而且它的呼錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析：它會慢慢的變得過熱而且它的呼吸頻率和溫度會開始上升。吸頻率和溫度會開始上升。錯(cuò)句錯(cuò)句: I

6、t will slowly start to overheat and its respiration rate and its temperature will start to raise.訂正訂正: It will slowly start to overheat and its respiration rate and its temperature will start to rise.分析分析: raise是及物動(dòng)詞，后面要加賓語，應(yīng)改為不及物動(dòng)是及物動(dòng)詞，后面要加賓語，應(yīng)改為不及物動(dòng)詞詞rise?！驹~義辨析詞義辨析】 arise, rise, raise, lift 這些動(dòng)詞均這

7、些動(dòng)詞均 有有“上升，舉起上升，舉起” arise: 書面用詞，多用于詩歌或比喻中，具有書面用詞，多用于詩歌或比喻中，具有特殊的修辭色彩。特殊的修辭色彩。rise: 普通用詞，指具體的或抽象的事物由低向普通用詞，指具體的或抽象的事物由低向高移動(dòng)。高移動(dòng)。raise: 及物動(dòng)詞常用詞多指把某物從低處升到及物動(dòng)詞常用詞多指把某物從低處升到高處有時(shí)作引申用。高處有時(shí)作引申用。lift: 語氣比語氣比raise強(qiáng)，指用體力或機(jī)械的力舉起強(qiáng)，指用體力或機(jī)械的力舉起或抬起某物?；蛱鹉澄?。 torchlight t:tlait n.電筒光電筒光 torch bearer 火炬手 持火炬的運(yùn)動(dòng)員 Our v

8、icar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since. used to：過去常常做，= One night, however, our vicar w

9、ork up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one oclock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom h

10、e immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.recognized somebody as認(rèn)出某人是 Im trying to repair the bell, answered Bill. Ive been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise. You certainly did give me a surprise! said the vicar. Youve proba

11、bly woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, Im glad the bell is working again. 肯定句中常用 do 加強(qiáng)語氣和情感色彩一定要位于動(dòng)詞原形之前 用于句首, 用逗號分隔開來, 表達(dá)一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系：雖然如此, 但是 Thats the trouble, vicar, answered Bill. Its working all right, but Im afraid that at one oclock it will strike thirteen times and theres nothing I

12、 can do about it. get used to that, Bill, said the vicar. Thirteen is not as good as one, but its better than nothing. Now lets go downstairs and have a cup o 1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和 always 等頻度副詞搭配時(shí)： 表示說話人帶有某種的情感色彩 Eg :Tom is always doing homework. 湯姆總是做家庭作業(yè)(怎么也做不完)。 Tom always does his homework. 湯姆總是做家庭作業(yè)(不拖欠作業(yè))。

13、 He is always making noises. 他總是吵吵鬧鬧，真煩人。. 2.one or another：表示這樣或那樣- for one reason or another處于這樣或那樣的原因- at one time or another 在這樣或那樣的時(shí)間- in one way or another 用這樣或那樣的方法get enough money to do sth募集足夠的資金做某事- I have to get enough money to have my house repaired.3.have something done1找某人來做某事- have th

14、e plane repaired /- have hair cut2某人所遭受到的意外某種情況（主語必須是發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人）- His wallet was stolen. He had his wallet stolen.分詞作狀語的理解技巧分詞的狀語用法是所有分詞用法中最重要的，也是最難掌握的。分詞作狀語通?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)相應(yīng)的狀語從句，如果狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就用過去分詞；如果狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，就用現(xiàn)在分詞。歷年的考題也說明，分詞作狀語的用法是所有分詞用法中最?？嫉?。一、用作時(shí)間狀語1. 典型例句Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.

15、見到貓，老鼠就跑了。The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。2. 理解技巧分詞(短語)用作時(shí)間狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成時(shí)間狀語從句(引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語的從屬連詞需根據(jù)句意來確定)，如上面兩句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：When As soon as the mouse saw the cat, it ran off. After the work was finished, he went home. When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without notic

16、ing the many similarities. A. compared B. being comparedC. comparing D. having compared 【分析】分詞短語when comparing different cultures相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句when we compare different cultures二、用作原因狀語1. 典型例句Being very weak, she couldnt move. 她由于身體虛弱而不能行動(dòng)。His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的車壞了，所以只好走路。Much discourage

17、d, she moved on to London. 她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。2. 理解技巧分詞(短語)用作原因狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由as, because, since, now that 等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，如上面三句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：As she was very weak, she couldnt move. Because his car broken was down, he had to walk. Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to London. (1) _ with so much trouble, we failed

18、to complete the task on time. A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face【分析】現(xiàn)在分詞短語faced with so much trouble可轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語從句because we were faced with so much trouble。(2) _ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed【分析】現(xiàn)在分詞短語blam

19、ed for the breakdown of the school computer network可轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語從句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network 四、用作讓步狀語1. 典型例句 Although living miles away, he attended the course. 雖然住在幾英里以外，他仍去上課。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 雖然被擊敗了，他仍是一個(gè)受歡迎的拳擊手。2. 理解技巧分詞(短語)用作讓步狀語通常可轉(zhuǎn)

20、換成由從屬連詞though, although, no matter等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，如上面兩句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. A. performed B. performing C. to be performe

21、d D. being performed【分析】現(xiàn)在分詞短語performed在此相當(dāng)于they are performed。No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“無論它們（指貝多芬的作品）被演奏多少次” 五、用作伴隨狀語1. 典型例句 He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看報(bào)。 Dont you sit there doing nothing. 別什么也不干坐在那里。 He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了進(jìn)來，后面跟著他的妻子。2. 理解技

22、巧理解“伴隨狀語”的關(guān)鍵是要理解“伴隨”二字。分詞(短語)用作伴隨狀語時(shí)，它表示的動(dòng)作伴隨句子謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，即句子謂語所表示的動(dòng)作為主要?jiǎng)幼鳎衷~短語所表示的動(dòng)作伴隨性的次要?jiǎng)幼鳌?1) Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table. A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. brought B. bringing C.

23、 to bring D. had brought(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. thi

24、nk C. to think D. thought 六、用作方式狀語 1. 典型例句 He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠開卡車謀取生。 Im returning you letter as requested. 我按要求給你退信。 2. 理解技巧 分詞(短語)用作方式狀語與用作伴隨狀語的情形比較 接近。 有時(shí)用作方式狀 語的現(xiàn)在分詞可以轉(zhuǎn)換成by doing sth的 結(jié)構(gòu)，如上面第一句也可換成： He earns a living by driving a truck. 七、用作結(jié)果狀語1. 典型例句He fired, killing one of t

25、he passers-by. 他開槍了，打死了一個(gè)過路人。He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五個(gè)兒子。It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下，車輛陷入泥沼，橋梁被水沖去2. 理解技巧分詞(短語)用作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成并列句，如上面兩句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：He fired and killed one of the passers-by. He died and left his wife with five children

26、. It rained and rained, and vehicles were bogged and bridges were washed out(1) He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted【分析】此句也可換成：He glanced over at her and noted that though she was tiny, she seemed very we

27、ll put together.(2) Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reachingC. to reach D. to be reaching【分析】此句也可換成：Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year and reached a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.三、用作條件狀語1. 典型例句Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它們加起來，我們就可以得到答案。United, we stand; divided, we fall. 團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡。Given more time, we c