雅思小作文圖表寫作技巧

1、小作文各圖寫作技巧2派圖介紹單派雙派多派3派圖的寫作技巧圖中找類別按類分段4派圖的重難點(diǎn) 如何準(zhǔn)確把握?qǐng)D中的信息 如何正確轉(zhuǎn)述圖中的信息 如何靈活運(yùn)用詞匯、短語、句型，避免用詞單一、句式表達(dá)雷同 如何精煉語言，避免贅述、啰嗦，避免給評(píng)卷人套模板的印象52.13 派圖詞匯基礎(chǔ)之占據(jù)RepresentOccupy Stand for Account for 62.16 派圖的常用句型“占”：account for, hold, make up, take up, constitute, comprise, represent . 百分比：percentage，proportion, share .

2、“約”：the majority of, most of, a considerable number of, a minority of , just over, slightly more than/less than, nearly half 確切數(shù)字確切數(shù)字 (1) 分?jǐn)?shù)與百分比的轉(zhuǎn)化：one third, two fifths (2) 常見表達(dá)：a quarter, a half .7Eg1: 整體+局部The following two pie charts illustrate the energy use in the U.S.A.Write a report for a un

3、iversity lecturer describing the information given in the pie charts below. 89P1The following two pie charts illustrate the energy use in the U.S.A.The two graphs describe the data of the energy use and the residential energy use in detail in the United States. 10P2It can be seen from the first pie

4、chart that the energy is used for four purposes. Specifically, industry accounts for the largest proportion (41%) of the used energy while demand of transportation makes up 26% of the total need of energy. Residential and commercial represent 19% and 14% respectively.11P3According to the second pie

5、chart, it clearly shows that heating and air conditioning account for the largest proportion (62%) in the residential energy use while the small appliances makes up the least proportion (10%). The heating water and miscellaneous ( including cooking) constitutes 15% and 13% respectively. 12P4From the

6、 chart, we may have a basic understanding of the situation of energy use in the United States.13線圖審圖技巧趨勢(shì)描述速度描述極點(diǎn)交點(diǎn)起點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)的描述線圖的寫作技巧線圖的寫作技巧趨勢(shì)描述多樣化趨勢(shì)描述多樣化 線圖解析14線圖的重難點(diǎn)交點(diǎn)難掌控 圖內(nèi)對(duì)比看不出15 線圖的常用句型 先(上升/下降)后(下降/上升)，之后便平穩(wěn) 對(duì)峰值和低谷的描述 趨勢(shì)相同描述 對(duì)未來的表述 對(duì)波動(dòng)的描述 16先(上升/下降)后(下降/上升)，之后便平穩(wěn)1. According to the data , the years

7、 from tosaw/witness a rise/climb/drop in the number/rate/percentage/proportion of 對(duì)象 from 數(shù)據(jù) to 數(shù)據(jù)，which was followed by a rapid decrease/reduce/increase over the . years 172. The number/ratedropped/went up again fromin XXX year toin XXX year and then went up/climbed gradually until XXX year ,when t

8、here was a leveling off/leveling out at 數(shù)據(jù) for 一段時(shí)間181. Also it can be noticed that in XXX year ,the number/percentage reached the bottom . However/on the contrary, XXX year saw the peak during this period. 2. 時(shí)間點(diǎn) ，when the number/percentage reached (amounted to) to a peak of / a high point at 3. 時(shí)間

9、點(diǎn),when the number/percentage bottomed out (at)對(duì)峰值和低谷的描述 19The proportion/number of 對(duì)象 in the xx and xx are similar and follow the same trend. In XX the figures were xx% and xx% respectively, rising to xx% and xx% respectively in XXX ,after dipping to xx% and xx% respectively in XXX. Thereafter . 趨勢(shì)相

10、同描述20對(duì)未來的表述is projected to as tois expected to as foris forecasted to is estimated to21對(duì)波動(dòng)的描述as can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of fluctuated dramatically between xx% and xx% during period.22柱圖審圖技巧 關(guān)鍵是“比較”&“對(duì)比” 找出similarity & difference既要橫向總結(jié)所有柱狀圖的共性特征，又要分別描寫各

11、個(gè)柱形的個(gè)性特征23柱圖的寫作技巧 單柱如果是以時(shí)間為橫軸的話，就寫一下趨勢(shì)如果是以組為橫軸，則直接寫。 多柱如果數(shù)據(jù)比較多，就取幾個(gè)最大或者最小的就行，也就是說在比較的過程中想要拿到想要的結(jié)果就要找對(duì)比鮮明的那一對(duì)。把對(duì)比最鮮明的幾個(gè)柱子描述清楚，其他的可以一帶而過。 24柱形圖的常用句型The bar chart illustrates that. According to the bar chart, .From the bar chart, we can see clearly that.It is clear/apparent from the chart that.The bar

12、chart depicts 描述(that). the bar chart leads us to the conclusion結(jié)論 that. 25The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.26P1The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in

13、one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000. 題目The bar graph shows the changing patterns in commuting by train, car, tube or bus for commuters in one European city in the years 1960, 1980 and 2000. 27P2The number of people using trains at first rose from just under 20% in 1960 to about 26% in 1980, but

14、 then fell back to about 23% in 2000. 28P3Use of the tube was relatively stable, falling from around 27% of commuters in 1960 to 22% in 1980, but climbing back to reach 25% by 2000.29P4On the other hand, the use of cars increased steadily from just over 5% in 1960 to 23% in 1980, reaching almost 40%

15、 by 2000, whereas the popularity of buses has declined since 1960, falling from just under 35% in 1960 to 27% in 1980 and only 15% in 2000. 30P5The graph indicates the growing use of cars for commuting to work between 1960 - 2000, and the continued decline in the popularity of buses from being the m

16、ost popular mode of transport in 1960 to the least popular in 2000.31表格圖審圖技巧1. 有時(shí)間因素表格： 按照時(shí)間順序，轉(zhuǎn)化為更為明了的線圖2. 有地域因素表格： 注意橫向比較，并根據(jù)數(shù)值大小對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類，再抽取較大或較小的典型值進(jìn)行說明3. 包含其他因素的表格： 分別觀察各標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在圖表中呈現(xiàn)的特征，然后分別說明32表格圖的寫作技巧1. 快速瀏覽題目中的文字信息，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注研究對(duì)象、數(shù)據(jù)類型和時(shí)間，明確在主體段的寫作中要注意數(shù)據(jù)類型的變化和時(shí)態(tài)一致問題2. 看題目中的表格圖形，看圖形時(shí)也要先看文字說明，包括標(biāo)題、標(biāo)注和單位，弄

17、懂?dāng)?shù)據(jù)所代表的信息，而非數(shù)據(jù)本身篩選信息，圈定關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)整理寫作順序33表格圖的重難點(diǎn)1. 數(shù)據(jù)繁多而且凌亂，找不出很明顯的特征2. 如何用適當(dāng)?shù)捻樞?、結(jié)構(gòu)和銜接方式把表格中體現(xiàn)的特征條理清晰地傳達(dá)出來3. 寫的時(shí)候如何不遺漏信息3435P1The table demonstrates the data regarding the subway system in six cities, including date opened, kilometers of route and passengers per year (in millions)36P2In terms of date open

18、ed, London has the most time-honored (1863) subway system among the six cities while subway system in Los Angeles is the newest one opened in 2001. （最老，最新）Systems in Paris and Tokyo are opened in 1900 and 1927, respectively. 時(shí)間順序After that, systems in Washington DC and Kyoto are opened in 1976 and 1

19、981 differently.37As for the size of the railway system, London still ranks the first, meaning it has the longest subway system (384 kilometers) among the six cities, which is roughly twice as large as the system in Paris. （最長(zhǎng)）By contrast, subway system in Kyoto is shorter (11 kilometers) than the o

20、thers even though it opened in relatively recent year.（最短）The kilometers of route in Tokyo, Washington DC and Los Angeles are 155, 126 and 28 differently. 38The third part is passengers per year in millions. More exactly, the top three are Tokyo (1927), Paris (1191) and London (775). Underground rai

21、lway system in Washington DCs has 144 millions passengers per year. Systems in Los Angeless and Kyotos carry fewer passengers per year (50 and 45, respectively).39Thus, it can be clearly seen from the table that the subway systems in Tokyo and Paris serves for more passengers whereas the systems in

22、Los Angeles and Kyoto carry fewer passengers mainly because of the short route.40對(duì)于不同時(shí)間同一事物的比較先相減/相加，后分組哪些是增加，哪些是減少幅度大的與幅度小的分組41The table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in England between 1985 and 2000. 劍6 P5242增加的 Car, Long distance bus, Train, Taxi幅度大的 Car +1607減少的 Walkin

23、g, Bicycle, Local bus幅度大的 Local bus -15543P1The table demonstrates how different modes of travel changed in England in 15 years spanning from 1985 to 2000. In general, the modes are classified into two kinds in terms of average miles travelled per person per year: one enjoyed rising popularity while

24、 the other decreasing.44P2The travel modes which gained popularity in the period included cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and others. Cars remained top among the modes in the 15 years, with its average miles increasing considerably from 3,199 in 1985 to 4,806 in 2000. Long distance buses an

25、d taxis seemed to be warmly welcomed by travelers, so average miles travelled in the two modes almost tripled45P3Travels by walking, bicycles and local buses lost travelers favor in the one and a half decade.Average travelling distance by local buses suffered the biggest decrease, dropping from 429

26、to 274, while the number of miles by walking and bikes fell mildly from 255 to 237 and from 51 to 41 respectively.46P4Overall, the number of miles travelled by the average per person rose from 4,740 miles in 1985 to 6,475 miles in 2000, with the increase of cars accounting for almost all of that inc

27、rease. 47流程圖審圖技巧流程圖的本質(zhì)其實(shí)就是要求考生將圖中出現(xiàn)的文字信息用連貫的語言串起來，不需要過多地發(fā)揮。48 流程圖的寫作技巧1. 時(shí)態(tài)相對(duì)單一，主要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2. 經(jīng)常使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，顯得比較客觀和正式3. 找出流程圖的始末點(diǎn)，并劃分中間的步驟或階段4. 掌握表示“順序”的連接詞(Sequencing Words)，用來說明過程的各個(gè)步驟和先后順序5. 對(duì)于題目里出現(xiàn)的專業(yè)詞匯或生詞，不認(rèn)識(shí)也沒關(guān)系，只需照抄即可49流程圖的重難點(diǎn)1. 語言組織2. 邏輯順序3. 是否如實(shí)反應(yīng)圖中的信息50流程圖的常用單詞過程：process、procedure階段/步驟：stage、step連

28、接詞：1. 第一步：at first、to begin with、in the first stage2. 下一步：then、next、the second stage3. 最后：finally、lastly、the final stage4. 平行步驟：meanwhile、at the same time51流程圖的常用句型 The following diagraph shows the structure of The picture illustrates It mainly consists of It works as follows: It usually involves fo

29、llowing steps: The whole procedure can be divided intostages. 52First StagesThe process starts fromThe process begins with.In terms of., the first stage is that.At the beginning of the cycle, The beginning of the whole cycle is marked by 53StagesAt this point; then; in the next step; after that; aft

30、erwardsThe second stage is The next step in the process is 54End StagesIn the final stageThe final procedure/ step of this process isThis marks the end of the process and the beginning of a new one is the last step in the procedure.55Lasting timeThe stage lasts for 30 minutes untilAfter a period of

31、30 minutes,It takes 10 days for X to After a period ofBefore, it takes 30 minutes to 30 minutes have to be spent on this process before56劍6P755758P1The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silk worm.First of all, eggs are produced by the moth and it takes ten days f

32、or each egg to become a silkworm larva that feeds on mulberry leaves. This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself. After a period of about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge from these cocoons and the life cycle begins again.59P2The

33、 cocoons are the raw material used for the production of silk cloth. Once selected, they are boiled in water and the threads can be separated in the unwinding stage. Each thread is between 300 and 900 metres long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the w

34、eaving stage60P3Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple process.61The map indicate the recycling process of glass bottles62P1This diagram illustrates the recycling process of glass bottles. The whole process is a cycle

35、which can be divided into three main stages.63P2In the first stage, used bottles are collected at a recycling point and transported by a truck. The second stage starts in a cleaning plant, where these recycled bottles are sorted by color into green, brown and clear ones and washed by high-pressurise

36、d water. When the cleaning is done, the bottles are conveyed to a glass factory where they are cut into glass pieces which are then poured into a furnace. 3064P3After being heated in the furnace, the broken glasses are melted into liquid, which flows into a glass mold. In the final stage, new, empty

37、 bottles are filled with liquid, then packed and despatched to the supermarket and picked by consumers. At this point, a cycle has been completed and a new cycle will begin.65地圖審圖技巧注意結(jié)合地圖中體現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)信息，進(jìn)行相互比較與對(duì)比，并體現(xiàn)對(duì)比結(jié)果。66地圖的寫作技巧注意“變化”（1）圖形原有事物的改變（2）圖形新添事物67地圖的重難點(diǎn)1. 時(shí)態(tài)：通常為一般過去時(shí)2. 細(xì)節(jié)變化：地圖每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)變化都要提到，不能忽略3.

38、語態(tài)：通常為被動(dòng)語態(tài)4. 書寫順序：時(shí)間順序&空間順序68地圖的常用單詞方位：in the east/ west/ south/ north of ; in the eastern/ western/ southern northern part of 建設(shè)：build, construct（一般建筑物），erect豎立（高大的建筑物），establish / set up（無建筑的物體或抽象的機(jī)構(gòu)），pave（道路的修建）69地圖的常用句型 It is obvious/notable/noticeable that. It is easy to locate/to find that

39、 It can be seen from the graph that A is located/situated/sited in/on/to the east of B. A is in center/middle/central area of B A is near /next to/close to/adjacent to B. A is on the opposite side of B.70LocationA liesShanghai lies in the east of ChinaJapan lies to the east of ChinaMongolia lies on

40、the north side of ChinaA is locatedA is next to/ near/ close to BA is at the east/ west/ north/ south of BA is right across from BThe road runs from to71Draw by yourself The playground is roughly in the middle of the residential zone.The bank is in the Northwest corner of the residential zone.Houses

41、 are at the bottom of the residential zone.The motorcyclist is outside the residential zone.The barbers is opposite to the bankThe supermarket is halfway between the bank and the barbers.The supermarket is directly opposite to the stop.A local bus is to the right of the station 72劍5P75The map below

42、is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for supermarket.選址型73northwestcountrysideFewer customerLow rentTrain, buscentredowntownCBD, residential, industryshoppersrenttrafficSatellite cities74P1The map shows two proposed locations for

43、 a new supermarket for the town of Garlsdon75P2 The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is locatedd just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is in the countryside and so it would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking, whi

44、ch makes it accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. 76P2As it is also close to the railway line linking the two towns to Cransdon (25 km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.Generally speaking, the rent

45、 is relatively lower in countryside, so it will save some expending. 77P3 In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents. Theorically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, but as the central area is a no

46、-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.78P4Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages and more reasonable .79Chorleywood is a village near London whose population has increased steadily since the middle of the nineteenth century. Th