高考英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、高考英語(yǔ) ：形容詞和副詞【考查要點(diǎn)】 1) 原級(jí)，比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的選用及應(yīng)用范圍,復(fù)習(xí)中須注意如下句型的用法： as + 原級(jí)adj. / adv. + as表“和一樣” ； not as / so + 原級(jí)adj. / adv. + as表“不如”。例如： John plays football as well as David. Tom does not play the piano so/as well as Jack.The violin in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good. as + 原級(jí)adj. + a(n) + n

2、. + as表“跟一樣”。如 Its believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. Our neighbor has as big a house as ours. 比較級(jí) + than表“比更” ； less+原級(jí)+ than表“不如”。如： This year they have produced less grain than they did last year. This road is wider than that one. the + 比較級(jí)， the + 比較級(jí)表示“越，就會(huì)越”。例如： Its be

3、lieved that the harder you work, the better result youll get. the +比較級(jí)+ of the + two/名詞 /代詞 表兩者中“較的一個(gè)”。 如： Who is the younger of the two boys? 比較級(jí) +and+ 比較級(jí) 表示：越來(lái)越。如： Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 用the last表示“最不可能的”、“最不適合的”、“最不希望的”等。例如: The last thing I want to do is to offend you.我最

4、不愿意做的就是惹你生氣。 （8）a / an+ 形容詞最高級(jí)，表示的是：很，非常，極其等意思，不是真正比較。就是一種語(yǔ)氣： She is a best friend of mine.她是我一位非常要好的朋友。考點(diǎn)1： 形容詞作表語(yǔ)，形容詞、副詞作后置定語(yǔ) adj修飾something, nothing, anything, everything等不定代詞時(shí)，要后置。Something new.present作“出席的”時(shí)只作后置定語(yǔ)。 表語(yǔ)形容詞alive, asleep, awake, alone等作后置定語(yǔ)。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí), 放在動(dòng)詞之后。修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí), 放在被修飾詞之前。enoug

5、h修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)要后置，修飾名詞時(shí)可放在名詞的前后。形容詞短語(yǔ)修飾名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置。用and或or連接的形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置, 起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。表數(shù)量的詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置。副詞修飾形容詞的特殊詞序, “so, as, how, too + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”。考點(diǎn)2： 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法 （重點(diǎn)）1） 倍數(shù) + as + 原級(jí)形容詞 + as .。 如：This road is three times as long as that one. 2） 倍數(shù) + the size / length / width / depth / height of .。如： The river is five

6、 times the width of that one. 3） 倍數(shù) + 比較級(jí) + than + 被比較對(duì)象。 如： The sun is a million times larger than the earth. 考點(diǎn)3： 多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的排序問(wèn)題 1) 多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的排序遵從如下規(guī)律： 限定詞+描繪性形容詞(beautiful)+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形容性形容詞+(large, long, high)+新舊(old)+顏色(red)+產(chǎn)地(Chinese)+材料(wood)+用途(writing)+被修飾名詞(desk) 記住以上規(guī)則是必要的，但還應(yīng)多閱讀、多體會(huì)，增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)感是

7、關(guān)鍵?？键c(diǎn)4. 幾種帶有否定詞的比較句型 : 1) no better than表示“和一樣；實(shí)際等于”。例如： The patient is no better than he was yesterday._病人的情況和昨天一樣。 2) not . any more than或no more . than表“同一樣不”。 not more than 表前者不如后者。如： My elder brother is no more a singer than I am. 我哥哥和我都不是歌唱家。 This book is not more interesting than that one. 這本

8、書(shū)還不如那一本有趣。3) no less . than表示“和一樣；不遜于”。如The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.寫(xiě)作技巧和其他藝術(shù)技巧一樣困難。 Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy body.日光和新鮮空氣對(duì)身體健康是同樣必不可少的。 4) nothing more than表“只不過(guò)是，無(wú)非是”。例如： She wishes to be treated as nothing more than a

9、common girl. 她希望把她像一般女孩一樣對(duì)待。 5)not /never +adj/adv比較級(jí)，表達(dá)是最高級(jí)的意思：You will never find a better car in the world than this one.這是你能找的到的世界上最好的轎車了。6. can not/can never be too.，意為“越越好”或“再也不過(guò)分”。You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。考點(diǎn)5.比較等級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)：1. 修飾原級(jí)：fairly, quite, rather, so, very, too等。2.修飾比較級(jí);much, even

10、, far, rather, still, any, no(不用very, quite, fairly，greatly等)，a bit, a little, a great deal. a lot , by far等。 （too的修飾詞和修飾比較級(jí)的一樣。） eg. The students study even harder than before學(xué)生們比以前學(xué)習(xí)努力了。 A car runs a great deal faster than a bike 汽車跑起來(lái)比自行車快許多。3. 修飾最高級(jí)的有： 序數(shù)詞，by far，ever, nearly，almost，by no means，

11、 very， etc.The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River在建的橋是黃河上最長(zhǎng)橋?？键c(diǎn)6.同根副詞辨析：close接近地closely 仔細(xì)地，密切地; free免費(fèi)地 freely 自由地，無(wú)拘束地;hard 努力地 hardly幾乎不 ; late 晚，遲 lately 近來(lái)； most 極，非常 mostly 主要地； wide 廣闊地widely 廣泛地； high 高 highly 高度地，非常地 ； loud 大聲的 loudly大聲地（含喧鬧意）;deep 深，遲deepl

12、y 抽象意的“深” near 鄰近 nearly 幾乎常見(jiàn)固定搭配考點(diǎn)：1.so many/so much/so few/so little+名詞（其中的many, much, few, little等詞都表“多少”之意，但是：little還可當(dāng)可愛(ài)語(yǔ)氣的，“小”意思來(lái)解釋，此時(shí)用such little+名詞，不能用so little了。）2. 固定句型“cannot/can never be too.”的考查，意為“越越好”或“再也不過(guò)分”。3. 當(dāng)too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)中副詞too后接apt, ready, anxious, eager, glad, willing等形容詞時(shí)，該結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的即為

13、肯定的含義。 She is too willing to marry him. 她很愿意嫁給他。4. 當(dāng)too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)中副詞too前有all, but, only, quite等修飾時(shí)，該結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的也為肯定含義。 I am only too pleased to help you. 我很高興幫助您。It is nothing more than a made-up story.這只不過(guò)是杜撰的故事而已?！?1真題全解全析】 1.(2011四川卷,12）How are your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had one before.A.a plea

14、sant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant3.(2011湖北卷,23）The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was_，though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞的辨義。句意為“這位年長(zhǎng)的工程師，古銅色的臉上布滿皺紋，但目光炯炯。當(dāng)他走過(guò)房間時(shí)，步子雖慢但是沉

15、穩(wěn)。”shaky顫抖的；heavy沉重的；casual漠不關(guān)心的，冷淡的；steady穩(wěn)定的。根據(jù)前面的交代，選D。4.(2011湖北卷,24）An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons characters; however, they are not always_,A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial6.(2011江西卷24）The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why?

16、Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting【答案】 A【解析】考察形容詞比較級(jí)。句意為“我得說(shuō)，這部電影一點(diǎn)都不令人感興趣。什么？這可比我看過(guò)的電影有趣得多了?！背潭雀痹~可修飾形容詞比較級(jí)，放于比較級(jí)前。根據(jù)應(yīng)答者用“Why?”進(jìn)行的反問(wèn)，選A。7.(2011江西卷33）She has already tried her best. Please dont be too _ ab

17、out her job.A.special B.responsible C.unusual D.particular【答案】D【解析】考察形容詞的固定搭配。句意為“她已經(jīng)盡了最大的努力。請(qǐng)不要對(duì)她的工作太挑剔了?！眀e particular about 對(duì)挑剔，是固定搭配。選D。8.(2011浙江卷,9) The professor could tell by the _look in Marias eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. f

18、resh 【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞的辨義。句意為“根據(jù)Maria茫然的眼神，這位教授能夠看出她對(duì)他所講的內(nèi)容連一個(gè)字也沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂?！眂old冰冷的；blank空虛的，茫然的；innocent無(wú)辜的；fresh新鮮的。根據(jù)后面didn't understand，選B。9.(2011浙江卷,13) Ive been writing this report_ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly11.

19、(2011全國(guó)卷,30) The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than【答案】B【解析】考查副詞短語(yǔ)的辨義。句意為“這張表格只能由你本人簽字?！眗ather than而不；other than除了，相當(dāng)于but和except；more than不僅僅；better than比多、好。選B。12.(2011全國(guó)卷II,12) It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is an

20、other to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. much14.（2011上海春招,28）Youd be exposed to a lot _ pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least 【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)的用法。句意為“如果我們搬到空氣清新、水質(zhì)純凈的小鎮(zhèn)去，我們受到的污染將會(huì)少得多。”空格前的a lot修飾比較級(jí)more或less，根據(jù)后面的語(yǔ)意，選C。15.(2011江蘇

21、卷,25） In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _.AspecialBregionalCoptionalDoriginal【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞的辨義。句意為“在那所學(xué)校，英語(yǔ)是學(xué)生的必修課，而法語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)是選修課?！眘pecial特別的，特意的；regional地區(qū)的，地方的；optional可選擇的；original原始的，最初的。句中由but進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，由此可知法語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)不是必修課而是可以選修，所以正確答案為C。16.(2011福建卷,30）Nowedays

22、, there is a increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to drevelop their talents.A.sharp B.slight C.natural D.modest【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞的辨義。句意為“現(xiàn)在的孩子們?cè)趧?chuàng)造力上有很大的提高，因?yàn)樗麄儽粯O力地鼓勵(lì)著去發(fā)展他們的天賦?！眘harp明顯的，急劇的；slight輕微的，稍稍的；natural自然的，天生的；modest謙虛的，不過(guò)分的。因此選A。17.(2011安徽卷,31）_, I managed to get th

23、rough the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently【答案】C【解析】考查副詞的辨義。句意為“慶幸的是，我終于打完了比賽，其中的辛苦沒(méi)有白費(fèi)?！県opefully充滿希望地；normally正常地；thankfully慶幸地；conveniently方便地。根據(jù)句意，選C。單項(xiàng)選擇 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)【考查要點(diǎn)】在高考中，時(shí)態(tài)一直是考查的熱點(diǎn)，也是廣大考生復(fù)習(xí)備考的難點(diǎn)。在大綱中，要求考生具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用能力，能在具體語(yǔ)境中恰當(dāng)、準(zhǔn)確地使用某

24、一特定時(shí)態(tài)。高考對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的考查非常靈活且難度較大，不易把握。大部分吋態(tài)題答案的選擇取決于題干語(yǔ)境；但也有部分時(shí)態(tài)試題較易把握，其用法相對(duì)固定，常見(jiàn)于特定句式結(jié)構(gòu)中；還有部分常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)用法特殊。主要考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)，注重在語(yǔ)境中考查時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用、主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)和固定句式。主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)以及完成進(jìn)行時(shí)?！久麕熃忸}指南】考生應(yīng)熟知常用時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法。高考題往往不會(huì)涉及單一的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而是更多地側(cè)重于時(shí)態(tài)的交叉使用和呼應(yīng)及與語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)合使用。所以解題時(shí)一定要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，弄清時(shí)間的先后關(guān)系，可根據(jù)不同情況采取“找標(biāo)法”(尋找時(shí)間標(biāo)

25、志詞)、“呼應(yīng)法”(主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng))、“搭配法”(固定搭配)、“語(yǔ)境法”等解題技巧。一慧眼識(shí)別標(biāo)志詞 如果題干中有標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),則往往可以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)選擇相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài) 例More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year. A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent 【解析】此題有明顯的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞last year,提示我們應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí);句中的主語(yǔ)students是被送的對(duì)象,應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)答案為B動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般都有其相應(yīng)的

26、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),請(qǐng)同學(xué)們熟記下列8種常用時(shí)態(tài)所對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) (1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day等 (2)一般過(guò)去時(shí):then, yesterday, last week, after that, ago, in the following/next few months等 (3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等 (4)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):then, at that time, at this time yesterday等 (5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):

27、 recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years, for+一段時(shí)間, since + 一點(diǎn)時(shí)間等 (6)過(guò)去完成時(shí):before, by the end of last month/years等 (7)一般將來(lái)時(shí):tomorrow, today, next week/month, in an hour, in the coming/following few weeks等 (8)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí):the following month, the next week等 高考測(cè)試動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)須與句中時(shí)間

28、狀語(yǔ)一致時(shí),常在題干中加入具體情景,以測(cè)試考生對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力敏銳捕捉時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞,并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境,選擇出正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài),是解決此類問(wèn)題的良策二主從時(shí)態(tài)須呼應(yīng) 如果所給題干是主從復(fù)合句,可根據(jù)主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則選出正確的時(shí)態(tài)命題角度及對(duì)策近年來(lái)高考考查主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)時(shí),常放在真實(shí)的并且符合實(shí)際的語(yǔ)境中進(jìn)行考查在根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則解題時(shí),要把握好以下幾點(diǎn): (1)在時(shí)間條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)(2)正確認(rèn)定主句動(dòng)詞及從句動(dòng)詞兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,并認(rèn)真體會(huì)命題者所給出的語(yǔ)境 (3)解答賓語(yǔ)從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)題時(shí)

29、,考生應(yīng)熟知以下規(guī)則:主句動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí),則從句動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài);主句動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí),則從句動(dòng)詞須用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)(表示客觀真理時(shí)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) 三仔細(xì)體會(huì)語(yǔ)境 近年來(lái)高考試題對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)考查的要求越來(lái)越高,大部分試題趨向情境化實(shí)際化因此,仔細(xì)體會(huì)所給語(yǔ)境,根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境選擇合適的時(shí)態(tài)是考生需要重點(diǎn)解決的問(wèn)題例：Do you think we should accept that offer? Yes，we should，for we_ such bad luck up till now，and time_ out. A. have had；is running B. had；is

30、running C. have；has been run D. have had；has been run 【解析】 A。由時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞up till now知道，動(dòng)作是從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以第一空要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；而根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知時(shí)間快要耗光了，所以第二空要用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。 Can you tell me the timetable of the_school bus? Well, the bus_here for the _campus at 7:00 Am. Awill leave Bleft Cis leaving Dleaves 【解析】 D。考查時(shí)態(tài)，“校班車的時(shí)間表”是規(guī)定好的事情，表

31、示一般性動(dòng)作用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 【11真題全解全析】 1.(2011全國(guó)卷,23) Planing so far ahead no senseso many things will have changed by next year.A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“計(jì)劃這么超前毫無(wú)意義到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的?！鼻熬浔硎粳F(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來(lái)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動(dòng)作過(guò)程，故不選。

32、因此選C。2.(2011全國(guó)卷,24) I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be 【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我不能確信他是真正感興趣呢還是僅僅為了表示禮貌?！本淝皐asnt sure表明說(shuō)話的起點(diǎn)是過(guò)去時(shí)，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的過(guò)去時(shí)。故選A。3.(2011全國(guó)卷,29) When Alice came t

33、o, she did not know how long she there.A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)Alice蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。”過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。came to蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)是過(guò)去時(shí)，蘇醒前的情況是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去里發(fā)生的事，故選A。4.(2011全國(guó)卷II,9) If you don't like the drink you_just leave it and try a different o

34、ne. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“如果你不喜歡你所點(diǎn)的飲料，就把它放那兒，試試另一種?！眃on't like the drink是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，點(diǎn)飲料是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，因此，用過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選A。5.（2011北京卷,21）Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.A. have conducted B. have been condu

35、cted C. had conducted D. had been conducted【答案】 D【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，句意為“就在二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)前，美國(guó)和歐洲都進(jìn)行過(guò)這種實(shí)驗(yàn)?！笔紫瓤紤]語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)experiment與conduct構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，謂語(yǔ)使用被動(dòng)形式。題干中出現(xiàn)the second war是過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，before the second war是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。選D。6.（2011北京卷,23）Tom in the library every night over the last three months.A. works B. worked C. has

36、been working D. had been working【答案】 C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“在過(guò)去的三個(gè)月里，Tom每天晚上都在圖書(shū)館里學(xué)習(xí)?！鳖}干中出現(xiàn)的over the last three months，是明顯提示用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。7.（2011北京卷,27）That must have been a long trip.Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking【答案】 C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“那一定是長(zhǎng)途旅行。是的，我們

37、花了整整一周時(shí)間才趕到那兒?！鳖}干中must have done是對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，提示時(shí)間在過(guò)去，描述過(guò)去的情況，排除A和B，D項(xiàng)was taking進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)，但事實(shí)上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選C。8.（2011北京卷,32）Bob has gone to California.Oh, can you tell me when he ?A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“Bob已經(jīng)去了加利福尼亞。噢，你能告訴我他什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的？”Bob has gone to Californi

38、a，去的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)，說(shuō)明他離開(kāi)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，因此使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。選B。9.（2011天津卷,3）In the last few years thousands of films all over the world.A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“在過(guò)去的幾年時(shí)間里，全世界制作了成千上萬(wàn)部電影?！眎n the last few years在過(guò)去的幾年時(shí)間里，其實(shí)是從過(guò)去算到現(xiàn)在，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。選B。10.（2011

39、天津卷,4）On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“等到下次生日的時(shí)候，Ann結(jié)婚有二十年了?！県er next birthday是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，for twenty years是個(gè)時(shí)間段。將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)到將來(lái)某時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，故選D。11.（2011上海春招,29）Im sure you will do better in the test because you _ so hard this year.

40、 A. studiedB. had studiedC. will studyD. have been studying【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我確信你將在這次考試中取得更好的成績(jī)，因?yàn)檫@一年里你一直用功學(xué)習(xí)?！鼻鞍刖銲m sure you will do better交代了時(shí)間起點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在。because引起的狀語(yǔ)從句不能用將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。this year今年，是個(gè)時(shí)間段。D項(xiàng) have been studying表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。選D。12.（2011上海春招,32）A lot of people often forget that ora

41、l exams _ to test our communicative ability. A. designB. are designedC. are designingD. are being designed【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“很多人經(jīng)常忘記設(shè)計(jì)口語(yǔ)測(cè)試是用來(lái)檢測(cè)我們的交際能力的。”一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，常與often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。oral exams與design的關(guān)系存在著被動(dòng)，故選B。13.(2011山東卷,31) When I got on the bus, I_

42、I had left my wallet at home.A. was realizingB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)我上了車后，我才意識(shí)到我把錢包落在家里了?！盜 had left my wallet at home發(fā)生在realized之前，前一句When I got on the bus給出的時(shí)間起點(diǎn)是過(guò)去時(shí)，故選B。14.(2011山東卷,35) She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A.

43、had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“她驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的東西全吃光了！”“吃光”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“發(fā)現(xiàn)”之前，前一句交代了過(guò)去時(shí)間，因此選擇過(guò)去的過(guò)去。故選B。15.（2011江蘇卷,21）I hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A.are workingB.will work C.wer

44、e working D.will be working【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你在酒吧里上班，這份工作怎么樣？咳，這是份辛苦活，老感到累，不過(guò)我不介意。”對(duì)話所用的現(xiàn)在時(shí)表明現(xiàn)在還在酒吧里上班，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描述現(xiàn)階段長(zhǎng)期重復(fù)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。故選A。16.（2011江蘇卷,23）Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he_enough for a used one.A. saves B .savedC.will save D. will have saved【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“Tomm

45、y將計(jì)劃買車。我知道，到下個(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了。”by next month是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，全句表示在將來(lái)next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。故選D。17.（2011福建卷,32）Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China.A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received19. (2011浙江卷,15) The m

46、anager was worried about the press conference his assistant_in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“經(jīng)理?yè)?dān)心著他的助手代替他所舉辦的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。幸運(yùn)的是，一切進(jìn)展順利。”was worried about和everything was going on smoothly都是過(guò)去時(shí)，排除B選項(xiàng)。經(jīng)理?yè)?dān)心的時(shí)候正是助手舉辦新聞發(fā)布會(huì)之

47、時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，排除表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)的D選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)gave表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)，這與后面everything was going on smoothly不符，因?yàn)槭虑檫€在進(jìn)展中，故選C。20.（2011四川卷,9）All visitors to this village _ with kindness.A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“所有到這個(gè)村子的來(lái)訪者都會(huì)受到善意的接待?！北硎窘?jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。來(lái)訪者與招待存在著

48、被動(dòng)關(guān)系。由于沒(méi)有交代過(guò)去時(shí)間，had been treated過(guò)去的過(guò)去不能用。因此選B。21.（2011四川卷,19）What a mistake!Yes. I his doing it another way, but without success.A.was suggesting B.will suggest C.would suggest D.had suggested22.（2011重慶卷,21）That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _the piano upstairs?A. has played B. played C.

49、 plays D. is playing【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“那首樂(lè)曲聽(tīng)起來(lái)相當(dāng)熟悉。是誰(shuí)在樓上彈鋼琴？”在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中才發(fā)出誰(shuí)在彈鋼琴的疑問(wèn)，sound用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，交代的時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在，故選D。23.（2011重慶卷,31）Look at the pride on Toms face. He to have been praised by the manager just now.A.seemed B.seems C.had seemed D.is seeming【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“看Tom臉上驕傲的表情，他似乎剛才受到了經(jīng)理的表?yè)P(yáng)?！眑ook at祈使句交代了時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在，seem表心理判斷，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故選B。24.（2011陜西卷,12）His first novel good reviews since it came out last month. A.receives B.is receiving C.will receive D.has received【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“他的第一本小說(shuō)自上個(gè)月出版以來(lái)受到了好評(píng)。”since自從以來(lái)，引導(dǎo)含有過(guò)去時(shí)的從句時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選D。25.（2011湖南卷,22）John, what _in your hand? Look! Its