202X年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分第十講名詞性從句課件

1、第十講名詞性從句名詞性從句是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是熱點(diǎn)。名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可做主句的主語、賓語、表語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句(見下表)。名詞性從句連接詞主語從句用 that, who, whether, if (不用于句首), what (thething that)等連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句用 that ( 可 省 略 ), if, whether (or not), what ( thething which)等連接詞引導(dǎo)表語從句用 that ( 一 般 不 省 略 ), whether, what ( the thingwhich)等連接

2、詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句用 that ( 常指代 news, thought, idea 等詞), whether等連接詞引導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)常見句型It is名詞主語從句It is a fact/pity that.事實(shí)是/遺憾的是/Itis an honor that.非常榮幸/It is commonknowledge that.是常識(shí)/It is a question疑問詞.問題是It is形容詞主語從句It is clear that很清楚 /It is surprisingthat.令人驚訝的是一、主語從句主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語 it 代替，而本身放在

3、句子末尾。1.用 it 做形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)常見句型It不及物動(dòng)詞主語從句It seems that. 似 乎 /It happenedthat. 碰 巧 /It appears that. 看來It is/has been過去分詞主語從句It is reported/said/believed that. 據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)說/人們認(rèn)為/It has beenproved that.已證實(shí)(續(xù)表)說明例句if 引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可位于復(fù)合句句首Its unknown whether/if he will come.(正)Whether he will come or not is unknown.(正

4、)If he will come or not is unknown.(誤)It is said/reported that.結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前It is said that Jiang will visit our schoolnext week.(正)Jiang will visit our school next week issaid. (誤)2.主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況說明例句It happens that./It occursto sb.that. 結(jié) 構(gòu) 中 的 主語從句不可提前It occurred to him that he failed in theexami

5、nation.(正)That he failed in the examinationoccurred to him.(誤)It doesnt matter how/whether. 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前It doesnt matter whether he is right ornot.(正)Whether he is right or not doesntmatter. (誤)含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前Is it likely that it will rain in theevening? (正)Is that it will rain in the evenin

6、g likely?(誤)(續(xù)表)說明例句做動(dòng)詞的賓語由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(that 通?？梢允÷?My father always says that nopains, no gains.父親常常說，不勞無獲。由 what, whether/if,when, where, who 等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句He went to see who wasoutside.動(dòng)詞間接賓語賓語從句She explained to the teacherwhy she was late this morning.她向老師解釋今早她為什么遲到。二、賓語從句賓語從句是在復(fù)合句中做賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語

7、動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞之后。他過去看是誰在外面。說明例句做介詞的賓語(通常由疑問詞what, whether, when, where,how 等引導(dǎo))According to what he has said,he must have known the truth.根據(jù)他所說的，他一定已經(jīng)知道了真相。做形容詞的賓語I am very glad that you can cometo the party. 我很高興你能來這個(gè)晚會(huì)。it 做形式賓語The headmaster has made it clearthat smoking is not allowed inthe school.校

8、長(zhǎng)明確說學(xué)校不準(zhǔn)吸煙。(續(xù)表)說明例句否定前移( 若主句主語為第一人稱，且謂語動(dòng)詞為 think, consider,suppose, believe, expect, fancy,guess, imagine 等時(shí)，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式)We dodnt think he likes thetoy.我們認(rèn)為他不喜歡這個(gè)玩具。(續(xù)表)三、表語從句表語從句是在復(fù)合句中做表語的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語連系動(dòng)詞表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be, look, remain, seem 等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 t

9、hat 一般不省略。另外，常用的含有表語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)還有“The reason why.is that.”“It/This/That is because.” “It/This/That is why.”等。如：他上學(xué)遲到的原因是他錯(cuò)過了早班車。The reason why he was late for school is that he missed theearly bus.He was late for school.That is because he missed the earlybus.He missed the early bus.That is why he was late

10、 for school.四、同位語從句同位語從句是在復(fù)合句中做同位語的名詞性從句，通常由that 引導(dǎo)，對(duì)名詞作進(jìn)一步的解釋說明或說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容。在表示疑問或問題的名詞 question, problem 等后，也有用疑問詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。如：News came that he had been admitted to a key university.有消息說他被一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了。He put forward a question in the meeting who will take chargeof the new department.他在會(huì)議上提出誰來負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)新部門的問題。

11、五、特別提醒1.whether, if (是否)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別(1)放在句首引導(dǎo)主語從句或出現(xiàn) or not 時(shí)，只能用 whether引導(dǎo)。(2)if 不能引導(dǎo)表語從句。(3)if 不能引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語從句。(4)賓語從句是否定句時(shí)只能用 if。(5)discuss 后的賓語從句只能用 whether 引導(dǎo)。注意：doubt 作“懷疑”講，后接賓語從句時(shí)，如主句是肯定句，賓語從句用 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)；如主句是否定句或疑問句，賓語從句只能用 that 引導(dǎo)。如：I doubt whether/if he is fit for the job.我懷疑他是否勝任這份工作。I dont doubt that he can do it very well.他能把它做好，我不懷疑。2.表示建議、命令、要求等意義的名詞性從句要用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”，should 可以省略。如：My suggestion is that he (should) be told the truth. 我的建議是要告訴他事實(shí)。He insisted that the meeting (should) be held according to theschedule.他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為會(huì)議應(yīng)該按議程進(jìn)行。The general made the order that e