2020屆閱讀理解專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練(3)

1、2020屆閱讀理解專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（3 ）閱讀理解1Some people say that the best way to reduce the size of your waist isto do stomach exercise. Many people believe that when specific musclesare exercised, the fatty tissues (組織 ) in the immediate area are burnedup. The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the body and

2、notfrom one specific area. Of course, if you reduce the fat throughout yourbody, you will certainly see results around your waist too.Some people believe that you need to exercise twice a week in order tokeep a sufficient level of physical fitness. However, studies directed byAmerican scientists sho

3、w that unexercised muscles lose their strengthvery quickly. Within 48 to 72 hours, you must use the muscles again toreestablish (重建 ) the good physical effects. And what does that mean toyou?Americanscientistsconcludedthatwhiledailyexerciseis mosthelpful,exercisingeveryotherdayor threedaysa week wil

4、lkeepasufficient level of physical fitness.Is it true that you burn more calories running one mile than walkingthesamedistance?The answeris no.The truthis thatyouuse thesame amount of energy whether you walk or run the mile, since in bothcases you are moving the same weight the same distance. The sp

5、eeddoes not matter. Of course, if you run rather than walk for 30 minutes,you will cover more distance, and therefore burn more calories.If your breathing doesnt return to normal within 5 minutes after youfinish exercising, you have exercised too much. Five minutes or so afterexercising, your breath

6、ing should be normal, your heart shouldnt bebeating loudly, and you shouldnt be tired.1. If you want to reduce the fat around your waist, you should _.A. do stomach exerciseB. exercise the waistC.exerciseallthemusclesof yourbodyD.runfastfor30minutes2. From the second paragraph, we learn that _.A. we

7、 only need to exercise twice a weekB. we should exercise three times a weekC. muscles lose their strength after 48 hoursD. we should exercise every other day, or three days a week3. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _ .A. youwilllose moreweightrunningone hourthanwalkingonehourB. wheth

8、er you run one mile or walk the same distance, you use thesame amount of energyC. you will lose more weight running one mile than walking the samedistanceD. both A and B4. If you have exercised too much, _.A. your breathing will take longer than 5 minutes to return to normal after you finish exercis

9、ingB. your breathing will return to normal within 5 minutes after finishing exercisingC. your heart will not be beating loudlyD. you will be too tired to move5. This passage tells us that _.A. it is better to do more running than walkingB. the more exercise you do, the healthier you will beC. the un

10、exercised muscles must be used again within 48 to 72 hoursD. in order to lose weight, you have to run fast【答案】 1-5 CDDAC【解析】1. C 。由第一段我們可以得知每一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)都能使全身的肌肉活動(dòng)，因此減去的是全身的脂肪，而不是某個(gè)部位的脂肪。2. D 。依據(jù)為第二段的最后一句話。3. D 。從第三段的第三句話和最后一句話可得到答案。4. A 。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句話可得到答案。5. C 。根據(jù)第二段中的“ However, studies directed by American

11、 scientistsshowthatunexercisedmuscleslosetheirstrengthveryquickly.Within48to72hours,youmustusethemusclesagaintoreestablish the good physical effects.”這兩句可得出答案。2We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day maybegin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control.Som

12、etimes a single unimportant event may cause a number of things tohappen. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping aneye on the baby at the same time. The telephone rings and this causesyour troubles to begin. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls thetablecloth off the table, des

13、troying your half-prepared meal. You hangup hurriedly and attend to your baby. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt.As if thisis notenoughto bringyouto tears,yourhusbandarriveshome, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.Things can also go wrong on the road. During rush hour one eveningtwocarscollid

14、edandthedriversbeganto argue.The womandriverbehind the two cars happened to be a learner. She got into a panic andstopped her car. This forced the driver following her to stop suddenly.This driver s wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake, and asshe was thrown forward, the cake went right t

15、hrough the window andlanded on the road. A truck driver seeing a cake flying through the airslammed on the brakes. The truck was carrying empty beer bottles andhundreds of them slid off the back of the truck onto the road, causing aterrible traffic jam. It took the police an hour to get the traffic

16、on themoveagain.Inthemeantime,thetruckdriverhadtosweepuphundreds of broken bottles. Only two dogs were enjoying themselves,for they were happily having what was left of the cake.6. If you want to answer the phone without any trouble, you _ .d better7. Who is responsible for the accidents that happen

17、edon the road?A. The two drivers who were arguing.B. It wasnt mentioned in thepassage.C. The woman driver.D. The truck driver.8. From this story we learn that _.A. there are many road accidents every dayB. the accidents mentioned in the passage are very strangeC. no one knows why this kind of accide

18、nt happensD. the accidents mentioned in the passage are very common9. The writer s purpose in writing this passage is to_.A. remind us not to answer the phone when we arebusyB. tell us driving is dangerous every dayC. remind us not to be nervous when we meet anaccidentD. remind us not to carry a cak

19、e when we are sitting in a car10. The main idea of this passage is that _.A. troubles always come in groupsB. accidents may happen anywhere at anytimeC. a telephone call may cause great troubleD. anyone may have trouble on their way home【答案】 6-10 CBDCA【解析】6. C 。這里并不是說(shuō)要通過(guò)什么具體的事情來(lái)避免接電話的麻煩， 而是指做事不可太慌亂。

20、7. B 。文中只是在陳述事情，并沒(méi)有提到誰(shuí)應(yīng)為此事負(fù)責(zé)任。8. D 。從文章的第一句話以及接下來(lái)舉的兩個(gè)例子都可看出， 這種事件的發(fā)生還是比較普遍的。9. C 。作者寫(xiě)這篇文章主要是為了說(shuō)明：一件很小的事情有可能引發(fā)很多麻煩，原因在于一時(shí)的慌亂。10. A 。從文中所舉的兩個(gè)例子可知，在我們的生活中麻煩事會(huì)接連發(fā)生，會(huì)有連鎖反應(yīng)，所以選項(xiàng)A 為最佳標(biāo)題。3The concept of health holds different meanings for different peopleand groups. These meanings have also changed over tim

21、e. This changeis no more evidentthaninWesternsocietytoday,whennotionsofhealth and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in newways.For much of recent Western history, health has been viewed in thephysicalsense only.Thatis,goodhealthhasbeenconnectedtothesmoothmechanicaloperationofthebody

22、,while illhealthhasbeenattributedto a breakdowninthismachine.Healthin thissensehasbeen defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medicalterms.In the late 1940stheWorldHealth Organizationchallengedthisphysically and medically oriented (導(dǎo)向的 ) view of health. They statedthat health is

23、 a complete state of physical, mental and social well-beingand is not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1946). Health and theperson were seen more holistically (mind / body / spirit) and not just inphysical terms.The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease andillness by emphasizi

24、ng the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour ofthe individual. Specific behaviours which were seen to increase risk ofdisease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits,were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical healthcare,butalsohealthpromotionprogramsand

25、policieswhichwouldhelppeoplemaintainhealthybehavioursandlifestyles.Whilethisindividualistic healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (thewealthymembers ofsociety),itwasoflittlebenefittopeopleexperiencingpoverty,unemployment,underemploymentorwhohadlittle control over the conditions of the

26、ir daily life.During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing awayfromseeinglifestylerisksasthe root causeofpoorhealth.Whilelifestyle factors stillremain important, health is being viewed also intermsofthesocial,economicandenvironmentalcontextsinwhichpeople live. This broad approach to hea

27、lth is called the socio-ecologicalview of health.At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed whichoutlinednewdirectionsforhealthpromotionbasedonthesocio-ecologicalviewofhealth.This charter,knownasthe OttawaCharter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health actiontoday. In

28、exploring the scope of health promotion it states that: Goodhealthisamajorresourceforsocial,economicandpersonaldevelopment and an important dimension (尺度 ) of the quality of life.Political,economic,social,cultural,environmental,behaviouralandbiological factors can all favour health or be harmful to

29、it. (WHO, 1986)11. From the passage, we can infer that _.A. good health means not having any illnessB. health has different meanings for different people in different periodsC. health has always been viewed in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people liveD. health has

30、 always been considered a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life12. In the late 1940s, if you _, that meant you were healthy.A. were strong enoughB. were strong, optimistic andhappyC. had enough moneyD. had a good lifestyle13.of soc

31、iety benefited most from the healthy lifestyleapproach to health.A. Rich peopleB. Poor peopleC. Old peopleD. Young people14. The socio-ecological view of health includes the following broad areas EXCEPT _.A. the social contextsB. the environmental contextsC. the economic contextsD. the area of perso

32、naldevelopment15. This passage mainly tells us thatA. wealth is healthB. health means different things in different periods.C. it s getting harder to be healthyD. people should change their understanding of health over time【答案】 11-15 BBADD【解析】11. B 。從文章的第一段以及后面的段落陳述情況可得出答案。12. B 。根據(jù)第三段的第二、三句可知答案。13.

33、 A 。從第四段的最后一句話中可找出答案。14. D 。依據(jù)為第五段中的“ While lifestyle factors still remain important,health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic andenvironmental contexts in which people live.”15. D 。第一段點(diǎn)出了文章的中心：健康的意義隨著時(shí)間的變化而變化。接下來(lái)用六個(gè)自然段來(lái)闡述五個(gè)不同時(shí)期對(duì)健康的不同定義，從而可引出作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的：希望人們能不斷地改變自己對(duì)健康的看法。4After gi

34、ving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a spe-cial student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed aninterest in meeting me. I was told it would mean a great deal to him, soI agreed.During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something aboutMatthew. He had

35、 muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎縮癥 ). When he was born,the doctor told his parents that he would not live to five, and then theywere told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wantedto meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew aboutovercoming obstacles and going for my dream

36、s.I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complainor ask,“Why me?” He spoke about winning and succeeding and goingfor his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He didnt mentionthathisclassmateshadmadefunof himbecausehewasdifferent. He just talked about his hopes fo

37、r the future, and how oneday he wanted to lift weights with me. When we had finished talking, Iwent to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I had won andput it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knewmore about success and overcoming obstacles than I ever would. Heloo

38、ked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. Hesaid, “ You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I getto the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”Last summer I received a letter from Matthew s parents telling methat Matthew had passed away. They w

39、anted me to have a letter he hadwritten to me a few days before:Dear Dick,My mum said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture yousent me. I also want to let you know that the doctors tell me that I dont have long to live any more, but I still smile as much as I can.I told you someday th

40、at I would go to the Olympics and win a goldmedal, but I know now I will never get to dothat. However, I know Im a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, Godwill give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you.Thank you for loving me.Your friend,Matthew16. The boy loo

41、ked forward to meeting the author because _.A. he was also good at weight liftingB. he wanted to get to the Olympics and win a medalC. he was one of the authors fansD. he admired the author very much17.The underlinedsentenceinthe thirdthat _.paragraphprobablymeansA. the boy never complained about ho

42、w unlucky he was to have thisdiseaseB. the boy never complained about not being able to go to schoolC. the boy never complained why the author had never come to seehim beforeD. the boy never complained about not getting a medal18. From the passage we learn that _.A. Matthew was an athleteB. Matthew

43、was an optimistic and determined boyC. The author used to have the same disease as Matthew hadD. Matthew became a champion before he died19. Matthew didnt accept the authors medal because _.A. he thought it was too expensiveB. he was sure that he could win one in the futureC. he thought it was of no

44、 use to him as he would die soonD. he would not be pitied by others20. What would be the best title for this passage?A. A sick boy.B. A special friend.C. A real champion.D. A famous athlete.【答案】16-20 DABDC【解析】16. D “ , but he had expressed an interest in meeting me.” “ He wantedto meetme becauseI wa

45、s a gold-medalpower lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles and going formy dreams.”可得出答案。17. A 。從下文可知， Matthew 一直在向往著成功，而從來(lái)沒(méi)有抱怨過(guò)得這種病的人為什么是他。18. B 。本文主要是想向大家介紹一個(gè)身殘志堅(jiān)、積極樂(lè)觀的小男孩。19. D 。從第三段的最后他所說(shuō)的話可知 Matthew 是想通過(guò)自己的努力獲得成功，而不想只是得到別人的同情或憐憫。20. C。縱觀全文可知，作者很欽佩 Matthew 的那種身殘志堅(jiān)、積極與病魔作斗爭(zhēng)的精神，所以，從文中可看出 Ma

46、tthew 才是真正的冠軍。5When I was an official of a school in Palo Alto, California, Polly Tyner,the president of our board, wrote a letter that was printed in thePaloAltoTimes . Polly s son,Jim,hadgreatdifficultyinschool.He wasclassified as the educationally handicapped and required a great deal ofpatience

47、on the part of his parents and teachers. But Jim was a happykidwitha greatsmilethatlituptheroom.Hisparentsknewhisdifficulties, but they always tried to help him see his strengths so thathe could walk with pride. Shortly after Jim finished high school, he waskilled in a motorcycle accident. After his

48、 death, his mother submittedthis letter to the newspaper.“Today we buried our 20-year-old son. He was killed in a motorcycleaccident on Friday night. How I wish I had known that the last time Ihad talked to him would be the last time. If I had only known that, Iwould have said to him, Jim, I love yo

49、u and Im always so proud ofyou. I would have taken the time to count the many blessings he hadbrought to the lives of the people who loved him. I would have taken thetimeto appreciatehisbeautifulsmile,hislaughter,andhisgenuinelove to other people.“When I put all the good things on the scale and try to balance themwith all the irritating (惱人的 ) things such as the radio that was al