英語教學(xué)及高考備考做法

1、 英語教學(xué)及高考備考做法- 摘要交流主題：跳出高考教學(xué); 潛入高考備考；一輪復(fù)習(xí)做法；悟道教育教學(xué)Topic I ：跳出高考教學(xué)-三年整體安排，分段重點(diǎn)突破：（一）高一上：訓(xùn)練朗讀，校本教材四步朗讀法1、 “四步朗讀法” 簡介 第一步：慢讀，感受語言，目光注意2-3個詞。這一步要求學(xué)生一定不能貪快，在慢讀的過程中讓學(xué)生感受英語語言，體會意群和句子成分。在慢讀的過程中注意語音，語調(diào)，重讀，輕讀，連讀，吞音，并音，爆破和失去爆破以及停頓等。如： The climate of the British Isles is mild with a lot of rain. In general, Scot

2、land is colder throughout the year, and receives more rain. It rains a lot in England and Wales too, but the temperatures are more pleasant. In the summer months the difference in temperature between London and the north can be as much as nine degrees! The coldest months are January and February, wh

3、ile the warmest months are July and August. 第二步：快讀，重在流暢，目光注意3-5個詞。有了第一步慢讀，學(xué)生對目標(biāo)內(nèi)容有所了解，對段落中出現(xiàn)的句式有所領(lǐng)悟，對其中的習(xí)慣用法和結(jié)構(gòu)有所認(rèn)識。因此在這一步中，學(xué)生便可以根據(jù)句子成分?jǐn)U大意群，相對加快速度。 第三步：最快讀，訓(xùn)練英語語言反應(yīng)能力，目光注意5-8個詞。有了前兩步的積累，學(xué)生對此段內(nèi)容的各個方面基本掌握。在此基礎(chǔ)上，要求他們以自己最快的速度朗讀應(yīng)該是沒有問題的。不過，要指導(dǎo)他們調(diào)勻氣息，有準(zhǔn)備地一口氣讀完幾個短句或一個長句，以增強(qiáng)他們的語言反應(yīng)能力如： 第四步：Look-speak, 走進(jìn)英語語

4、言，目光一次掃完一句話。實際上，這一步不是讀，而是在“說”。學(xué)生在這一步中既依據(jù)原文，卻又不依賴原文。要求學(xué)生掃視一句話后，迅速抬起頭來，面對假想的聽眾把剛剛攝入的信息說出來，與此同時，迅速低頭看下面的內(nèi)容，抬頭不間斷地說出所看到的內(nèi)容。如此反復(fù)直到結(jié)束。 2、四步朗讀法的三個階段： 第一階段：一個月，每天選讀一個自然段，100詞左右。語言平實，內(nèi)容通俗，句式簡單。讓學(xué)生在進(jìn)行一，兩個輪回后基本能背誦，從而創(chuàng)造一定的成就感。 第二階段：一個月，每天選讀一個自然段，150詞左右。語言平實，內(nèi)容通俗，句式較復(fù)雜。側(cè)重訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的數(shù)字反應(yīng)能力和對度量單位的朗讀能力。 第三階段：一個月，每天選讀一個自然

5、段，250詞左右。語言真實，內(nèi)容多樣，句式長而復(fù)雜。加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)生對數(shù)字，度量單位，專有名詞，偏僻的人名地名的反映能力。 （二）高一下：句式語法，校本教材英語200句，英語200句的目標(biāo)：鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識，加強(qiáng)語法意識。如：1、四步200句示例，第十三組：時態(tài)語態(tài)121.過去三周一直在下雨。（完成時間狀語）It has been raining in the past three weeks.122.他去年在寫一本書，我不知道他寫完了沒。（體會時態(tài)）He was writing a book last year, but I dont know whether he has finished it.

6、123. 飛機(jī)將于5分鐘之后到達(dá)。（進(jìn)行時表將來）The plane is arriving in 5 minutes.124. 如果他會來，我將不會走。（主從句時態(tài)）If he comes , I wont go.125. 他在上海讀了三年書。然后就一直住在北京。（過去時，完成時）He studied in Shanghai for 3 years, and then he has lived in Beijing till now.126. 到下學(xué)期末為止，我將寫完200首詩。（過去完成時）I will have written 200 poems by the end of next t

7、erm.127. 他害怕人嘲笑。 （被動中的介詞不省略）He is afraid of being laughed at.128. 這些工人按月發(fā)工資。（get表被動）The workers get paid by the month.129.他的理論被證實是對的。（系動詞）His theory proved (to be ) true.130. 這本書好賣，而且值得一讀，另外，這本書讀自來易懂。（綜合）This book sells well and is worth reading. Besides, it is easy to understand.2、200句的操作方法第一天布置十句翻

8、譯第二天檢查翻譯并確定最佳句子第三天背誦十句并翻譯第二個十句第四天檢查翻譯并確定最佳句子第五天背誦前二十句如此推進(jìn)直到優(yōu)秀學(xué)生能一口氣背200句開始還是采用四步朗讀法3、核心詞匯200句（根據(jù)課本和200句的順序組編）I am tired of the boring life.I know that I should go through all the difficulties with my family.I sat down, took a deep breath and calmed myself down.I dont want to set down a series of fac

9、ts in my diary as most people do, but he does.I stayed up on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon.Dont upset yourself about it, Just ignore it and join us in the party.She has suffered from loneliness while Im getting along well with my classmates. But she has almo

10、st recovered from it after talking with me face to face.Have you fallen in love with someone else? You have (got) to be frank.What a surprise it is that you pack up your things and decided not to work here any longer. We are so concerned about your future.（三）高二上：閱讀完形，泛讀訓(xùn)練。 閱讀訓(xùn)練做法是：進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化“四步朗讀”；泛讀讀報紙、

11、雜志、小說等；精讀課本同步閱讀（反應(yīng)語言、語言反應(yīng)）；惡讀作高考閱讀真題。（四）高二下：口頭表達(dá)，書面表達(dá)。Free topic的操作方法是：選取62個話題，全班每人分一個；每天上課后，有一個同學(xué)主持；先介紹話題內(nèi)容；再請同學(xué)們討論3分鐘；然后學(xué)生自由發(fā)表看法；最后主持人點(diǎn)評。二月開始，每月增加一句；到七月發(fā)言的同學(xué)必須說最少七句Topic II. 潛入高考備考：聽力；單選；完形；閱讀；改錯；。作文（一）高考聽力：1、考試大綱對聽力的要求：要求考生能聽懂所熟悉話題的簡短獨(dú)白和對話?？忌鷳?yīng)能： (1)理解主旨和要義; (2)獲取具體的、事實性信息;(3)對所聽內(nèi)容作出推斷;(4)理解說話者的意圖

12、、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。2、聽力的預(yù)測與訓(xùn)練：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽辨能力和“預(yù)測與預(yù)判能力”。如：聽第6段材料，回答第6，7題。6What is Sara going to do?ABuy John a gift. BGive John a surprise. CInvite John to France.7What does the man think of Sara's plan?AFunny. BExciting. CStrange.Text 6M：All right Sara, we know that you're planning something big for John'

13、;s birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind?W：I wanted to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And I'll send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday.M：Boy! What an excellent plan! That's something special. I kind

14、of guessed you had some secret plan and were waiting for the right time to tell me.W：Well, I didn't want to say anything until I were sure she could come.（二）高考單選在一定語言情景下的語言知識綜合運(yùn)用。1、基本特點(diǎn)：覆蓋全面，突出語境，重點(diǎn)考查考生在特定語言情境中對語法及詞匯知識的綜合運(yùn)用能力。2、單項選擇的注意事項：完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu)；完整的句子意義；完整的語言情景；正確的語法運(yùn)用；恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~義選擇（三）完形填空在一定語篇情景下的詞義選

15、擇：1、考查在具體語篇中正確理解詞匯意義和靈活運(yùn)用詞匯的能力，同時考查文化意識中的跨文化交際能力（屬于綜合語言運(yùn)用能力）。2、立足語篇，始終考慮上下文語境、前后兼顧，找到正確選項的依據(jù)是做題的關(guān)鍵；將選項置于語境中去理解其真正意思，做到句意前后關(guān)聯(lián)、邏輯推理正確。是等；尤其要注意常用詞義豐富的動詞、名詞和形容詞一詞多義的現(xiàn)象。3、注意跨文化交際能力的培養(yǎng)。課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對文化意識目標(biāo)在7-8級中有詳細(xì)表述。4、完形填空的解題要訣：主旨大意；角色意識；情景轉(zhuǎn)換；上下聯(lián)系。如： It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed

16、people were moving quickly, heading towards their 41. This was the beginning of another 42 day in New York City. 43 this day was to be different.    Waiting 44 the crowded streets, on top of a 45 110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 46 a tightrope (

17、繃索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center.Philippe took his first 47 with great care. The wire held.Now he was 48 he could do it . 49 only a balancing pole, Philippe walked his way across, a 50 of 131 feet.Soon the rush-hour 51 began to notice. What a 52 ! There, 1350 feet above the stree

18、t, a 53 figure was walking on air .Philippe made seven 54 , back and forth. He wasn't satisfied with just 55. At times, he would turn, sit down, and 56 go on his knees. Once, he had the astonishing 57 to lie down on the thin thread. And thousands of 58 watchers stared with their hearts beating f

19、ast.After the forty-five -minute 59,Philippe was taken to the police station. He was asked 60 he did it. Philippe shrugged(聳肩) and said, "When I see two tall buildings, I walk".（四）閱讀理解1、抓住閱讀理解 - 2、3、4、5的特點(diǎn)： 1）把握2個意圖 - 作者的意圖和命題人得意圖2）心存3個理解 - 理解文章，理解題目，理解選項。3）抓住4類題目 - 主旨與標(biāo)題，生詞猜測，隱含推斷，細(xì)節(jié)把握。4）

20、掌握5種結(jié)構(gòu) - 正三角形（ ），倒三角形（ ），棱形（ ），沙漏形（ ），矩形（ ）。（五）短文改錯1、題型特點(diǎn)：要求識別并糾正短文中的語言知識錯誤，考查對書面語篇的校驗?zāi)芰?，衡量在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語知識的準(zhǔn)確性。錯誤涉及詞法、句法及行文邏輯等。錯誤類型以修改居多，占80%，增加、刪除各占10%2. 語言錯誤：形容詞比較級、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式、固定短語、人稱代詞指代一致、物主代詞、從句的連詞、時態(tài)、介詞和情態(tài)動詞以及非謂語動詞，突出考查代詞和動詞。如： I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and

21、 sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small t

22、own, he was strong andpowerful. In a fact，he even scared my classmates away during theycame over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. 3、短文改錯12個一致性問題：1. 主謂一致 7. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)一致2. 時態(tài)一致 8. 詞形詞性一致3. 語態(tài)一致 9. 固定搭配一致4. 代詞指代一致 10. 冠詞用法一致5. 名詞數(shù)的一致 11. 上下文邏輯語義一致6. 從句連詞一致

23、 12. 非謂語動詞形式一致（六）書面表達(dá)1、題型特點(diǎn)：要求考生能有效運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識，準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用語法、 詞匯和句型，清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，表達(dá)自己的意思。注意內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的完整、應(yīng)用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性和語言的得體性。2、抓住書面表達(dá)（1、2、3、4、5）的特點(diǎn)：1）書面表達(dá)的一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： -覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 -應(yīng)用較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。 -語法結(jié)構(gòu)或 詞匯方面有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或 較高級詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng) 的語言運(yùn)用能力。 -有效地使 用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。2）書面表達(dá)的兩類扣分：詞數(shù)少于80和多于120的，從總

24、分中減去2分；如書寫較差，以至影響交際，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔次。3）作文三審: 要點(diǎn)、人稱、時態(tài)4）表達(dá)四步: 精煉要點(diǎn)；擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句；連句成篇；潤色修改。5）書面表達(dá)“五個檔次：第一檔：漂漂亮亮（21-25）-完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。第二檔：清清楚楚（16-20）完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。第三檔：馬馬虎虎（11-15）-基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。第四檔：糊里糊涂（6-10）-未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。第五檔：一塌糊涂（1-5）-未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。3. 書面表達(dá)的訓(xùn)練做法：寫作訓(xùn)練、書寫卷面從高一抓起。在水中學(xué)會游泳，堅信作文是寫出來的。模仿是最有效的方法。粗批快改，點(diǎn)批面改，互批互改，及時反饋。學(xué)

25、生建立常用詞匯、句式和銜接詞檔案。參考答案只作參考，教師的作文更貼近學(xué)生。構(gòu)建語篇固定結(jié)構(gòu)。滾動背誦10篇作文直到高考。4. 構(gòu)建語篇固定結(jié)構(gòu)：三段式教師作文，學(xué)生模仿，分類搞定。如：搞定第一類：事例作文  2013年高考英語作文（湖北卷）題目：    請根據(jù)以下提示，并結(jié)合事例，用英語寫一篇短文。    We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”， but we should also be aware that words can hurt peopl

26、e, too.    注意：無須寫標(biāo)題，不得照抄英語提示語；              除詩歌外，文體不限；              文中不得透露個人姓名和學(xué)校名稱；            

27、;  詞數(shù)為120左右。 Sometimes, bad words are to us what knives to our body. I learned this from one of my experiences that I went through during Senior One school life. One day, when I was playing volleyball with my classmates in my PE class, I missed several chances that I should have grasped to meet

28、 the ball. What surprised me most was that my best friend Peter called me “fool”. I was so hurt that I almost accepted the fact that our friendship came to an end. It was my classmates comfort and persuasion as well as Peters apology and explanation that helped me realize he did have a strong sense

29、of cooperation and teamwork. It wasnt long before I forgave him and we were again close friends as ever. From this story, I am definitely convinced that bad words really have bad influence on us, and that only with a good understanding of them can we get through and get along well.例 一、practice makes

30、 perfect As is widely acknowledged, practice makes perfect. I learned this from one of my experiences that I went through during Senior One school life. One day, when I was playing volleyball with my classmates in my PE class, I missed several chances that I should have grasped to meet the ball. I w

31、as so frustrated that I almost accepted the fact that I would never play well. It was my classmates comfort and encouragement as well as the teachers advice and instruction that helped me devote my spare time to practising playing every day. It wasnt long before I became one of the most important pl

32、ayers on our school team. From this story, I am definitely convinced that each one of us is able to dong something well, and that the more you practise, the more skillful you will become.例二、confidence As is widely acknowledged, confidence is to us what ambition is to success. I learned this from one of my experiences that I went through during Senior One school life. One day, what surprised most was that I failed my first math exam for math is always my favorite and advantage. I was so frustrated that I almost accepted the fact that I would never learn it wel