高中英語語法---名詞和練習題

1、高中英語語法-名詞（一） 可數名詞和不可數名詞1 什么是不可數名詞？ 1）物質名詞 glass, tea 2）抽象名詞 beauty, youth 3) 科學名稱 physics, maths練習：找出不可數名詞boot tear knowledge money wood chicken musichomework bread blood dress news milk dustman2不可數名詞變成可數名詞1）詞義發(fā)生改變timetimes work-works woodwoods sandsands clothclothes glassglasses2) 加量詞 a glass of wa

2、ter , two pieces of paper練習；填入恰當的量詞a _ of good news (條) a _ of trousers (條)a _ of advice ( 條) a _ of coffee (杯 )a _ of oil (滴) a _ of time (段)a _ of matches (盒) a _ of glasses (副)a _ of chocolate (條) a _ of ink (瓶)a _ of tea (壺) two _ of fish (盤)three _ of rice (袋) four _ of furniture (件)five _ of s

3、ugar (磅) six _ of clothes (套)3可數名詞的復數構成A. 規(guī)則變化構成法例詞一般情況在詞尾加_desk-desks picture-pictures以_ _ _ _結尾加 _bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches 以輔音+_結尾，變_為_加 _baby-babies family-families country-countries以輔音+ _結尾加_tomoto-tomatoes potato-potatoes Negro-Negroesvolcano-volcanoes 黑人英雄愛在火山上吃土豆西紅柿以元音+

4、 _結尾加_radio -radios photo-photos以_或_結尾，變_/_ 為_, 加 _life-lives leaf-leaves half-halves為了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子拿著刀子和一片樹葉站在架子上，把狼劈成兩半。練習：寫出下列名詞的復數形式。1）shoe 2) orange 3) eye 4) month 5) fox 6) match 7) city 8) class 9) family 10) country 11) boy 12) key 13) leaf 14) thief 15)hero 16)photoB. 不規(guī)則變化1. 單復同形 deer shee

5、p fish Chinese Japanese means2. 只有復數形式 people police cattle clothes trousers, glasses3. 不規(guī)則變化man- men woman- women foot - feet tooth-teethmouse -mice child-children German-Germans4. 復合名詞的復數1) 將后一部分變成復數 Englishman-Englishmen gentleman-gentlemen policewoman-policewomen grown-up-grown-ups 2) 將主要成分變成復數

6、looker-on-lookers-on son-in-law-sons-in-law 3) 如果前一詞是man, woman，將兩部分都變成復數 men doctors women singers練習：roof_ woman driver_ step-mother_sheep _ Japanese _ sister-in-law_（二） 名詞所有格（表示所屬、類別、動作的執(zhí)行者或承受者）1. 表示有生命的東西的名詞，所有格在名詞后加sthe teachers praise the cats food James dog the dogs food2. 表示無生命的東西的名詞，用of+名詞的結

7、構來表示the leg of the desk the cover of the magazine3. 在時間，距離，度量，價值等名詞后，可用名詞所有格。two months time todays newspaper fifty pounds weight4. 表示店鋪或某人的家時，常在所有格后省去shop, home.the doctors the tailors my uncles the barbers5. 名詞前有冠詞，數詞，不定代詞或指示代詞時，用of詞組+所有格表示a friend of Johns that bike of Toms6. 某樣東西為兩人或多人共有，在后一個名詞尾

8、+s .Jane and Freds mother Janes and Freds motherTom and Tims car Toms and Tims car（三） 名詞的用法名詞在句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語等。 1、The story is very interesting. ( ) 2、I am drawing a picture. ( )3、 My brother is a doctor. ( ) 4、Your pencil box is so nice. ( )（四） 主謂一致1. 主語是復數，謂語用復數，主語是單數，謂語用單數。He is a student. We are

9、students.2. and 連接兩個名詞，看有無the.The professor and writer is going to give us a lecture of writing.The professor and the writer are going to our school.3. A number of和The number of后的謂語。The number of people was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.4. 主語+ with/as well as/ but/exc

10、ept/besides/including +主語，謂語動詞的單復數與第一個主語一致。A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift. All the teachers as well as the students (be) invited to the party. 5以 either or , neither nor , not only but also ，notbut等連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞的單復數應按照就近原則。Either you or he _(be) to go . Not on

11、ly he but also I _(be) wrong .Neither the children nor the teacher _ (know) anything about it.6. There be 句型就近原則。There _ a pair of glasses on the desk. There _ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.7. 有些名詞復數形式作為一個整體，(如度量，距離，金額，時間，書名等）其謂語動詞用單數。Two weeks _(be ) not enough to finish the work . 1000

12、dollars _ (be ) a large amount of money.8.某些集體名詞，如family ,team 等做主語時，若當一個整體看，謂語動詞就用單數，若就其中一個一個成員來看，謂語動詞就用復數，class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也類似His family _(be) a happy family. The whole family _(be) having lunch. The population of China

13、 _(be)very large. All the world _(be) waiting for the good news.9. 成雙成對構成的東西，如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式，但與a pair一起構成作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。10each , every+名詞，謂語用單數。 Each boy and girl _(want) to serve the people in the future.11. 幾分之幾/百分之幾+of +名詞單數/ 復數+ 謂語單數/ 復數Three-fifths of money _ (

14、have) been used up. Two thirds of the students _ (be) girl students.12. one of +復數名詞 +謂語復數 the only/the very one of + 復數名詞 +謂語單數He is one of the boys that have passed the maths test.She is the only one of the girls who has finished reading in time.基礎練習1. In his speech, he gave us _ on how to learn a

15、 foreign language.A. some advice B. some advices C. several advices D. an advice2. Thank you very much for giving us _ on this matter.A. these informations B. so many informations C. an information D. so much information3. -Where did you have your supper? - _.A. With my sister B. At my sister C. At

16、my sister home D. At my sisters4. She is from _. She is _.A. Germany; a Germany B. German; a Germany C. the Germany; German D. Germany; a German5. He bought a _ of trousers. They were expensive.A. piece B. set C. pair D. pile6. The town is about _ ride from here. You ought to start right away.A. two

17、 hour B. two hours C. two hours D. two-hours7. A _ of money has been spent on the building.A. great deal B. good many C. plenty D. great number8. _ been made in science since then.A. A great progress has B. Great progresses have C. Great progress has D. Many progresses have9. We must help _.A. a bli

18、nd B. the blind C. people D. the people blind10. The great writer and solider _.A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese11. At present, Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was 12. This is not my dictionary. I

19、t is _.A. Mary B. Marys C. of Mary D. the book of Mary13. There are twenty _and forty nurses in the hospital.A. women doctors B. woman doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctor14. _ came to our school yesterday.A. The Williams B. The Williams C. Williams D. The William15. Twenty miles _ a long way to

20、walk.A. are B. is C. has been D. be提高練習1. The whole class _ greatly moved at his words.A. is B. had C. were D. was2. The glasses _ mine. That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is3. Many a student _ something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have known B. knows C. is know

21、n D. are known 4. Half of the visitors _ from Europe. Half of the fruit _ bad.A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are5. Each of the footballers _ over 150 pounds.A. weigh B. weighs C. weights D. were weighing6. The singer and pianist _ asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday.A. is B. was

22、 C. are D. were 7. Stories of the Long March _ popular with the young people now.A. is B. was C. are D. were8. There _ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _ up.A. were; it B. are; them C. was; it D. is; them9. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newly-built stadium.A. is clea

23、ning B. are cleaning C. were cleaning D. have cleaned10. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _good painters.A. are.are B. am.are C. is.is D. are.is11. Either you or the president _ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are

24、 handing out D. is to hand out12. More than 60 percent of world's radio programs _ in English.A. is B. was C. are D. be13. The wounded _ good care of here now.A. is taking B. are taking C. are being taken D. is taken14.One sixth of our classmates _ from peasant families. One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A.  comes; is B. come; are C.