初中英語過去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)語法講解及練習(xí)題

1、初中英語過去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)語法講解(一）定義 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。（二）結(jié)構(gòu) was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）（三）用法 1、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨暋hat was he res

2、earching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔下來，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station.他們離開車站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽光燦爛。2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語、副詞或

3、從句來表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？ (介詞短語表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his

4、 car while I was cooking.他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)典型例題：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)都強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事 進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，不一定完成 過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)事件，一

5、定完成 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了 如：He played when I was studying. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)，兩者都表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,但過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,而一般過去時(shí)表示在過去時(shí)間完成的動(dòng)作例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信(可能沒打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信(已經(jīng)打完) 1、一般過時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。 She wrote a letter to her f

6、riend last night. 她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。 (信寫完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。(信不一定寫完) 2、一般過去時(shí)表示只做一次動(dòng)作，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。 She waved to me. 她朝我揮了揮手。 3、句中有a moment ago之類的短語一般用一般過去時(shí)。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之類的狀語一般用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來代替一般過去時(shí)，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動(dòng)作：

7、I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟湯姆聊天來著。 這里的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)給人的印象是這一動(dòng)作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同時(shí)還傾向于解除主語對(duì)于這一動(dòng)作所負(fù)的責(zé)任。句中誰先開口說話既不清楚，也無關(guān)緊要。要注意它與一般過去時(shí)的差異： 注意：進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)只用于表示顯然是連續(xù)不斷的動(dòng)作。如果把動(dòng)作分割開，或者說出其發(fā)生的次數(shù)，就必須用一般過去時(shí)：I talked to Tom several times 我跟湯姆談過幾次話。 Tom washed both cars 湯姆把兩輛汽車都洗了。 當(dāng)然，看來是并行的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作可以都用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來表示： Between one a

8、nd two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog一點(diǎn)到兩點(diǎn)之間我在購(gòu)物、遛狗。 這樣用的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)通常和某些時(shí)間狀語如 today，last night，in the afternoon連用。這些時(shí)間狀語可以看做是表示某一時(shí)刻，也可以看做是表示某一段時(shí)間。如上面例句所示，某一段時(shí)間也可以用確切的時(shí)間來表示。 如想問起一段時(shí)間怎樣度過時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)要用比一般過去時(shí)顯得有禮貌： What were you doing before you came here？（你來這里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be fore y

9、ou came here？聽起來有禮貌。 另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房間里干什么來著？）可能表示這樣一種情感：我認(rèn)為你沒有權(quán)利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room？卻毫無這種含義。 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞：hear,see,notice,feel,taste 表示態(tài)度感情的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate 表心理狀態(tài)：feel,want,prefer 表占有：own,have, 表存在狀態(tài)和持續(xù)：look,owe,be when 和while的用法區(qū)別 兩者的區(qū)別如下： when是at or du

10、ring the time that, 既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間； while是during the time that，只指一段時(shí)間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 when 說明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用while引導(dǎo)，如： a. When the teacher cam

11、e in, we were talking. 當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為： While we were talking, the teacher came in. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題一 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the e

12、lectricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演

13、員).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over

14、 a tall girl.1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to

15、the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a trai

16、n to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(軌道) to play.10. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.12. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.13. When the bell rang, jenny

17、_ (wait) in her seat.14. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.15. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.二、 選擇題。1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a

18、plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c.

19、 watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei

20、Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday

21、. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10. He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. did, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12. “_ you angry then?” “they _ too much noise.”a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made13. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ mea. did, heard b. did, didnt hear c. was doing, heard d. was d