Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour動詞ing形式作表語,定語和賓語補足語

1、學(xué)海無涯動詞ing形式作表語，定語和賓語補足語編稿：張桂琴 審稿：梁曉概念引入:The music they are play ing sounds so excit ing .We watched three boys shari ng their food with eachOur job is play ing all kinds of music .The girl singing now is a classmate of mine語法講解【高清課堂：356774，非謂語動詞之-ing形式，非謂語動詞之 ing形式】 非謂語動詞中的ing形式包括兩種：一種是動名詞，另外一種是現(xiàn)在分詞

2、。? 基本形式：Tft式(iDITkglwing dniijpluivu厚 iton?現(xiàn)在分詞及韌購討不及伽踰訶妙1主越話杏主越語毒繪式；beui MitHeti完廉式h金、1it嗥 bwm1、-ing形式作表語1) -ing形式作表語時放在系動詞之后，用來泛指某種動作或行為，以說明主語的具體內(nèi)容 (身份、性質(zhì)或情況)。如：Her hobby is painting .她的業(yè)余愛好是畫畫。My job is looking after the children .我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。2) -ng用來表示主語所具有的特征，如：His concern for his mother is mo

3、st touching .他對母親的關(guān)愛很感人。His words are en couragi ng.他的話很鼓舞人。2、-ing形式作定語1) .說明被修飾名詞的作用和用途，如：building materials=materials for buildi ng 建筑材料drinking water=water for drinking飲用水a(chǎn) readi ng room=a room for readi ng閱覽室2) .說明被修飾名詞的作用和用途，如：tiring music=music that is tiri ng煩人的音樂a surprising result學(xué)海無涯= a re

4、sult that is surprising一個驚人的結(jié)果3) . 表示被修飾名詞正在進行的動作，如： 正在做實驗的那個學(xué)生是我們的班長。The student making the experiment is our monitor. 我們能看到冉冉升起的太陽。We can see the rising sun.Attention1) 單個 -ing 形式作定語時 , 放在所修飾的 名詞之前 , -ing 形式 短語作定語時 , 放在所修飾的 名詞之后 , 并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。如：They lived in a room facing the street .= They li

5、ved in a room that faces the street. 他們住在一間面朝街的房子。The man standing there is Peter ' s father.= The man who is standing there is Peter ' s father. 站在那兒的那個人是彼得的父親。2) V-ing, 過去分詞，不定式做定語時的區(qū)別：The student making the experiment is our monitor.They lived in a room facing the street . 正在舉行的會議非常重要。The

6、 meeting being held now is very important. 昨天舉行的會議非常重要。The meeting held yesterday is very important. 明天要舉行的會議非常重要。The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.3) -ing 形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當(dāng)于一個非限制性定語從句，這時，它與句子其 他部分用逗號分開。如：His brother, working as a teacher , lives in Beijing.= His brother, who is work

7、ing as a teacher , lives in Beijing. 他那個當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze , had a good crop of fruit. 那棵蘋果樹碩果累累，在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳。3、-ing 形式作賓語補足語1) 動詞 -ing 形式作賓語補足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個正在進行的主動性的動作，強調(diào) 一個正在進行的動作或一種狀

8、態(tài)。如：當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時 , 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人站在大門口。When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個包。I found a bag lying on the ground. 那老板讓工人整夜地工作。The boss kept the workers working the whole night.2)當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時 , 原來作賓語補足語的動詞 -ing 形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補足語。 如： They found the result very satisfyin

9、g .學(xué)海無涯= The result is found very satisfying .They heard him singing in the next room.= He was heard singing in the next room.3）.能用-ing形式作賓語補足語的幾類動詞：a. 感官動詞，常見的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, 等。如： We saw a light burning in the window.I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.Can yo

10、u smell anything burning?As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.Listen to the birds singing.I didn ' t notice hwimaiting .b. 使役動詞，常見的有 have, set, keep, get, catch, leave 等。如：I won 'hat ve you doing that.This set me thinking .I ' m sorry to havkeept you waiting .I can

11、 'get the clock going again.You won 'ctatch me doing that again.4）see, hear, feel, watch 等動詞之后用 -ing 形式和動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別： 前者表示動作正在進行，而后者表示（或強調(diào)）動作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。如：We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我們走過教室，看見老師在做實驗。（只在走過教室的剎那間，看見老師正在做實驗）We sat an hour and watched the teach