一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去式及現(xiàn)在進行時知識點及練習題

1、一般現(xiàn)在時用法及練習題 一、用法：1 .表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如： The sky is blue. 天空是藍色的。2 .表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如： I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3 .表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、構(gòu)成：1 . be 動詞：主語+be(am ,is ,are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2 .行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English. 我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she ,it) 時，三單變

2、化：多數(shù)在動詞后加s , play plays like likes以s, x, sh, ch, o結(jié)尾的動詞力口 es go goes wash washes,以輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾，把 y改i再力口 es, fly flies 。第三，我的變化-否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句：1 . be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not + 其它。如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be + 主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am./ No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Where is my bik

3、e?2 .行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語 + dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用 doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) + 主語+動詞原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑

4、問詞 +一般疑問句。如： How does your father go to work?同學們需要掌握的一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)形式：Lives, teaches, goes, watches, reads, does,works, do es, doesn t。一般過去式及練習 一、基本概念一般過去時(simple past tense)表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行 為；過去主語所具備的能力和性格。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語+動詞過去式+其他否定形式was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didnt ，同時還原行為動詞一般疑問句Did+主語 +do+其他？例句 Sh

5、e often came to help us in those days.I didntknow you were so busy.一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式肯定式疑問式否定式疑問否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?Did he(she,it)He (she,it)did notHe(she,it) workedDid he(she,it)not work?work?workWe workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You d

6、id not workDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?三、一般過去時的用法（1） 一般過去時表示在過去某個特定時間發(fā)生，也可以表示過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作。一般過去時不強調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去的事情。句式：主語+過去動詞+賓語+其他 如：I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱麗亞說了幾句話。 He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他沒有戒煙的那陣子，抽煙抽

7、得可兇了。（2） 一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用，如： yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when等等。補充內(nèi)容：（句子中謂語動詞是用一般過去時還是用現(xiàn)在完成時，取決于動作是否對現(xiàn)在有影響。Have you had your lunch? 你吃過午飯了嗎？（你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎？）Yes, I have. 是的，我已經(jīng)吃過了。（已經(jīng)吃飽了，不想再吃了。 ） When did you have it? 你是什么時候吃的？（關(guān)心的是吃的動作 發(fā)生在

8、何時。） I had it about ten minutes ago.我大約是十分鐘以前吃的。）Used to do something表示過去常做而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止了的習慣動作。I used to work fourteen hoursa day.我過去常常一天干十四個小時。I ate it at 6: 45。我在六點四十五分吃了。注意：1、帶有確定的過去時間狀語時，要用過去時 如：yesterday （昨天）、two days ago（兩天 前 ）、last year （去年一）、the other day（前幾天）、once upon a time （很久以前）、just now（剛才）、

9、in the old days（過去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前一）、When I was 8 years old（當我八歲時,-）、at+一個時間點 Did you have a party the other day ?前幾天，你們開了晚會了嗎？Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷鋒是個好戰(zhàn)士。另外，在談到已死去的人的情況時，多用過去時。2、表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作時，要用過去時這種情況下，往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語，而通過上下文來表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment looked at the cap

10、tain , and then died.那男孩把眼睛張開了一會兒，看看船長，然后就去世了。3、表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復的動作，常與 always , never等連用。Mrs. Peter alwayscarried an umbrella.彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。（只是說明她過去的動作，不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。） 比較 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是帶著傘。（說明這是她的習慣，表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習慣總帶著一把傘）Mrs. Peter is always carrying anumbrella.彼得太太 總是帶著一把傘。（表示

11、說話者對這一動作或行為厭煩）I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。（不涉及到現(xiàn)在，不說明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒）4、如果強調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習慣時要用used to do （過去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不那樣做了） He used todrink. 他過去喝酒。（意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了。喝酒這個動作終止了）I used to take awalk in the morning.我過去是在早晨散步。（意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了）比較： Itook a walk in the morning.我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過步。（只是說明過去這一動作）5 、有些句子，雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語，但實際上是指過去發(fā)生的動作或

12、存在的狀態(tài)的話， 也要用過去時，這一點，我們中國學生往往出錯， 要特別注意！I dont know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。（因為在說話時，我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話之前，所以只能用過去時表示。實際上，這句話暗指： But now I know you are here. ） I think you were ill.我以為你病了呢。（這句話應是在說話之前，我以為你病了。但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒?。┧?、一般過去時謂語部分的構(gòu)成1 Be動詞的一般過去時態(tài).在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞，am is的過去式為was; are的過去式為were. 構(gòu)成：肯定

13、句：主語 +was （were） + 表語 如：I was late yesterday.（昨天我遲到了。） 否定句：主語 +was （were） +not+表語 如：Wewerent late yesterday.（我們昨天沒遲到）疑問句：Was（Were）+主語+表語如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了嗎？）肯定回答： Yes, I was.（ 是的，我病了。）否定句：No, I wasnt.（不，我沒病。） 特殊疑問句： 特殊疑問詞+was （were）+主語+表語如： When were you born? 你是什么時候出生的？2 實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài)肯

14、定句要使用動詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do 和 does 的過去式did. 肯定句為：主語+動詞過去式+賓語如： I went homeat nine oclock yesterday. （我昨天九點鐘回的家。）否定句：主語+didnt+動詞原形+賓語如： I didnt go home yesterday. （ 我昨天沒回家。） 疑問句： Did + 主語+動詞原形+賓語如： Did you go home yesterday? （ 你昨天回家了嗎？） 肯定回答： Yes, I did. （ 是的，我回了。） 否定回答：No, I didnt. （ 不，我沒回家。）3 助動詞和情

15、態(tài)動詞過去式如下：shall should （將要）用于第一人稱單數(shù)will would （將要）用于所有人稱can could（能，會）may might （可以）must must （必須）have to had to （不得不）助動詞和情態(tài)動詞的過去時態(tài)要使用他們的過去式，后面的動詞還使用原形。如： I had to do my homeworkyesterday. （ 昨天我不得不做作業(yè)。） 一般過去時講解一般過去時也叫單純過去時。例A：Heworked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。） 例 B： Mr. Smith bought a new car yes

16、terday.（史密斯先生昨天買了一輛新車。） 例 C： They were here only a few minutes ago.（幾分鐘前他們還在這里。） 一般過去時的用法如下：一般過去時最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達過去之時間的副詞或副詞短語來修飾它（如各例句的斜體字部分）。這些常用于修飾一般過去時的副詞有：yesterday,yesterday morning （ afternoon, evening ） , just now （剛才）, before （以前）, then （ at thattime ） （當時） ，last + 時間 （如 last week, month, year,

17、 Monday, January, spring, ， etc. ） , that + 寸間 （如 that day, afternoon, summer,，etc.）, 時間 + ago （如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.）過去” 的概念并不是只指如yesterday, last week, ”等，實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”，亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”，哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之前”，只要所要表達的時間與說話時的 “現(xiàn)在” 形成對立，就必須使用一般過去時來表達。例如：He washere onlya few minutes

18、 ago. （僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。） I came homejust now. （我剛回到家。）五、特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+ 主語+動詞原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如： Who went to home yesterday?六、動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed ，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.結(jié)尾是 e 力口 d,如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed ，如：stop-stopped4.以“輔音字母 +y”

19、結(jié)尾的，變 y為i,再加-ed ,如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式（詳見書本）三、現(xiàn)在進行時1、現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在進行時表示正在發(fā)生或進行的動作。常與now， at the moment 等時間狀語連用。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be （is/am/are） + v-ing 。例： He is sleeping at the moment.2、表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。例： I am studying in Datun High School.They are working in a factory these days.3、某些動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時可表將來。例： We a

20、re going to Beijing this afternoon.The bus is coming.4、表示經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作，常與 always , continually , constantly , forever等連用，常表示厭煩、 不滿和贊揚等情感。例：He is always working until midnight.（贊揚）They are forever quarrelling about something.(不滿)動詞v-ing的構(gòu)成形式：規(guī)則原形-ing 形式washwashing一般在動詞原形末尾加-ingcatchcatchingstaystayingma

21、kemaking以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞。先去掉 e,再加-ingtaketakinggivegivingsitsitting以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，如果末尾只有一個輔音字母，應雙寫這個getgetting字母，再加-ingbeginbeginninglielying以ie結(jié)尾的單詞，改ie為y,再加-ingdiedyingtietying練習一般現(xiàn)在時練習1. Choose the right answers to cloze.用括號內(nèi)適當?shù)男问教羁铡ften (play) in the playground.2. He (get) up at six o clock.3. you (b

22、rush) your teeth every morning.4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?5. they(like) the World Cup?6. Mike sometimes(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she (watch) TV with his parents.8. Mjke(read) English every day?9. How many lessons your classmate(have) on Monday?10. What tim

23、e his mother (do) the housework? usually(get)up at six in the morning.(have) blues eyes.(go ) to school every day boy(like) playing football. (have)no classes on Sundays. (write) to her mother once a week.(rain)quite often during the month of July every year.often(watch)TV on Saturdays.usually(ride)

24、 a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often(play) badminton together.mother(have) a lot of cousins.people often (listen) to the radio in the moring.(do)she (like) playing the violin?Yes,she(do).(have)four brothers. She(like) them very much.24. He often (have) dinner at home.25. We (

25、not watch) TV on Monday.usually (play) the piano on Sundays.cat(like) eating fish every much.28. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.29. She and I (take) a walk together every evening.II. Read and fill in the blanks.(選詞填空)Watches read goes gets eats lives worksMy aunt is a nurse. She l

26、ikes music very much. She in a big hospital.Every day she up at 6:30. She breakfast at 7:00. After breakfast she to work by bus. She usually goes home at 5:30. After dinner, she often TV and books. At 10:30, she goes to bed.III. Read the questions and circle the right answers.(讀問題，圈出正確的答案)does your

27、pen pal live?A. No, she live in the country. B. She live inthe city. C. She lives in the city.does she go to work?A. She go to work at 7. B. She goes to work at 7. C. Yes, she does.3. Does Peter go to school by subway?A. No, he does. B. No, he doesn t. C. Yes, on foot.4. What does Miss Green do?A. S

28、he teaches English. B. Yes, she s a teacher. C. At school. she read newspapers at night?A. Yes, she do. B. Yes , she does. C. No, she does. s your pen pal s hobby?A. She like reading. B. She like read. C. She likes reading. 練習：1. - What about the pen you bought yesterday? - It well. I like it verymu

29、ch.A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. writes2. There is going to a sports meeting next week. If it , well haveto cancel it.A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains3. Tom is strong and he to school every day.A. walked B. walks C. will walk D. has walked4. - What will you do if it tomorr

30、ow? - Ill stay at home and watchthe match on TV.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining5. Every year many foreigners to China to learn Chinese.A. have come B. comes C. came D. come6. - I wont go to bed until the TV play over. - Youd better not dothat.A. is B. was C. will D. will be7. A large num

31、ber of students in this school from the country. They workvery hard.A. come B. comes C. came D. coming8. - I wonder if I tomorrow. - Dont worry. If it, well stay athome.A. rains, rains B. will rain, rains C. rains, will rain9. - When will you come to see me, Dad? -I will go to see you when you then

32、training course.A. finished B. finish C. are finishing D. will finish10. - What do you do?- Im an engineer. I in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much.A. work B. had worked C. will work D. worked11. - How much the shoes? - Five dollars enough.A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are D. is; are12. Ill

33、do it better if the teacher me another chance.A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give13. In the coming summer holidays, my family going to take a one-week tripto Qingdao.A. is B. are C. was D. were14. The children will climb the hill if it tomorrow.A. wont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt rai

34、ning15. - When to the hospital? - When he there. Ill call you.A. he goes; goes B. will he go; will go C. he go; will he go D. will he go; goes16. The teacher told us that light much faster than sound.A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling17. Ittwelve hours to go to Guangzhou by train.

35、A. is taking B. are going to take C. takes D. has taken18. Ill come to see you as soon as I back.A. will be B. am being C. was D. am19. Jean wants to go to China but she money.A. didnt have B. doesnt have no C. had no D. has no 一般過去時練習一、寫出下列動詞（?？紗卧~）的過去式 isam fly plant are drinkplaygo_ make does_ dan

36、ceworry_ ask taste_ eatdraw_put throwkick_pass_do _二、用 be 動詞的適當形式填空。1. Ian English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on

37、 Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Children s Day. All the students very excited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：2 They played football in the playground.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：三、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.

38、2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we (go) to the park.4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother .8. “ What she (fi

39、nd) in the garden last morning?”“ She (find) a beautiful butterfly.”9. It (be) Ben s birthday last Friday10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He (jump) high on last Sports Day.12. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. (read)13. He football now, but they basketball just now. (

40、play)14. Jim s mother (plant) trees just now.15. “ they (sweep) the floor on Sunday?”“ No, they .”16. I (watch) a cartoon on Monday.17. We (go) to school on Sunday.18. It (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office bycar.20. Gao Shan (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21.

41、Don t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)22. What you just now? I some housework. (do)23. They(make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to apples. But my dad all of them last month. (pick)25. “he the flowers this morning?“Yes, he. (water) ”26. She(be) a pretty girl. Look, she(do) Chinese dances.27. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art room.四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否定句：一般疑問句