高考英語真題分類匯編專題完形填空—教師解析

1、2016年高考試題分項解析之專題7完形填空1.【2016全國新課標I】完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was _41_along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with

2、its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (滅火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who

3、 had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毀壞的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she though

4、t the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other

5、 man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the womans life.41. A. walking B. touring Ctraveling Drushing42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If44. A. e

6、ach B. another C. that D. his45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed50. A. then B. aga

7、in C. finally D. even51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm53. A. for B. so C. and D. but54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out57. A. wo

8、man B. police C. man D. driver58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise【答案】41-45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DBDAC 56-60 BBDAC46.B考查形容詞詞辨析及語境理解。根據第二段中a womens voice coming from the wrecked vehic

9、le，可知汽車是毀壞了的，used使用；disabled 殘廢的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遺棄的。故選B。47.A考查動詞辨析及語境理解。根據后句可知他下車去滅火。Get hold of拿起；prepare準備；take charge of負責；control控制。故選A。48.D考查動詞辨析及語境理解。根據and told Larry he had _48_ an emergency call可知，那個司機走了過來和Larry說話。Come down下來；come through 經歷；come in進來；come over 走過來。故選D。49.C考查動詞辨析及語境理

10、解。根據下文警察來了可知這個司機打了電話報警。Return 歸還； receive a call 接到電話；make a call 打電話； confirm確認。 故選C。53.D考查連詞辨析及語境理解。根據后句可以推斷這位受困的女士想從汽車里出來，而Larry不讓她動，怕她傷到脖子，這兩句話之間是轉折關系。for 因為；. So所以；and 并且； but但是。故選D。54.A考查動詞辨析及語境理解。根據后句內容判斷這位婦女害怕汽車會爆炸。Explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩潰；crash墜毀，摔碎；故選A 。55.C考查短語和介詞辨析及語境理解。根據上文可知

11、Larry害怕她脖子會受傷，前后句之間是假設關系。As if仿佛；unless 除非； in case 以免； after在之后。故選C。56.B考查動詞短語辨析及語境理解。根據后句內容可以推斷他們?yōu)榱瞬环恋K警察救人，都退到后面。Stepped forward 邁步向前；backed off退后； moved on 繼續(xù)前行；set out出發(fā)；根據句意選B。57.B考查名詞辨析及語境理解。根據上文Once fire and emergency people arrived可知是救援的警察趕到現場。woman 婦女；police 警察；man 男人； driver司機；故選B。58.D考查形容

12、詞辨析及語境理解。根據后句可知警察讓他離開了，由此判斷Larry詢問警察他是否可以離去。Forbidden被禁止的；ready有準備的； asked 被問到的； free自由的。Be free to do sth 自由地做某事。故選D。59.A考查短語辨析及語境理解。根據上文可知Larry救人的事實是確定無疑的。for certain 確定無疑； for consideration 以供參考； report報道；check核實；故選A?？键c：考查故事類短文閱讀【方法點撥】解答完形填空的三大策略詞語同現、詞語復現和邏輯推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，領會和掌握這三大策略對提高完形填空的解題速度和準

13、確率大有裨益。1. 詞語同現。詞語同現是指意義上相關的詞匯出現在同一語篇中，構成了以某一話題為中心的詞匯鏈，也有人稱之為語義場。比如They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived。52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm根據后文中she should not move，可以判斷選B。2. 詞語復現。詞語復現指某一個詞以原詞、同根詞、同義詞、反義詞(如wrong, not correct)、上義詞、下義詞等方式重復出現在語篇中，語篇中的句子通過這種復現關系達到相互銜接。比如： One

14、more look and he noticed 45 shooting out。45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam根據后句中the fire was put out.判斷選A。3. 邏輯推理。在做完形填空時許多考生都會有這樣的經歷，即使他們對選項當中的每個詞的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因為完形填空考查的是一種綜合能力，不但是對詞匯的考查，而且對句子間和上下文之間邏輯關系的推斷也是完形填空考查的重點。其中邏輯關系主要包括因果關系、轉折關系、對比關系、并列關系等。2.【2016全國新課標II】完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下

15、面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(裝置)on your desk. And theyve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can

16、know you 24 from the sound of your voice. Thats how powerful the 25 is. Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom Id never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I

17、sometimes wished to 29 another agent. One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Ranis office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34

18、immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought. Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, whats your name?” “Im Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well,

19、 so 38 . Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Ranis 39 -her warm smile, her nods, her Im here for you 40 -were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires.21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed23. A. Thus B. Yet C

20、. Then D. Indeed24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already25. A. TelephoneB. voice C. connection D. impression26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused29. A. promote B. train C. find D. kno

21、w30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefu

22、lly D. regretfully36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skillfulness40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D. Behavior【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25

23、. A26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B23.B 考查上下文串聯。雖然你們之間的距離很遠，但是他們只要通過你的聲音，就可以了解你。上下文之間是轉折關系，所以使用副詞yet串聯前后語義。故B正確。24.C 考查副詞辨析。副詞rather相當地；also也；just只是；already已經；本句使用just表示強調，別人只要通過聲音就可以了解你。故C正確。25.A 考查上下文串聯。根據26空后“only by phone”可知本文介紹的是電話，人們可以通過電話

24、了解你。故A正確。26.D 考查上下文串聯。形容詞direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate準確的；本空前的but說明上下文之間是轉折關系，電話雖然很強大，但是也并不是很準確。與ABC三項語義不搭配。故D正確。27.A 考查介詞辨析。介詞in person親自，by myself靠自己；in public當眾；on purpose故意地；A項與空前的faceless形成呼應，Rani是代理人，但是我們從來沒有碰過面。故A正確。28.A 考查上下文串聯?？涨暗腸old voice可知Rani在電話里的聲音很冷漠，和讓我很不高興，甚至想過要另外找一個代理人。說明我對他

25、的聲音很反感。故A正確。29.C 考查上下文串聯。動詞promote提拔；train訓練；find尋找，找到；know知道；正是因為Rani的聲音讓我很不舒服，所以我曾經想過另外找代理人取代他。故C正確。30.D 考查動詞辨析。動詞arrange預定；postpone推遲；confirm確認；book預定；因為家庭中的緊急事情我要立刻預定回家的航班。動詞book與flight相搭配。故D正確。31.A 考查介詞短語。短語for the first time第一次；at any time隨時；from time to time時而不時；in good time及時，迅速；因為情況緊急，所以我第一

26、次親自來到Rani的辦公室。故A正確。32.B 考查動詞辨析。動詞expect期待，預料；see看見；test檢測；avoid避免；她看到了我的著急，Rani非常同情我，給了我安慰的笑容。動詞see與上下文搭配一致。33.B 考查形容詞辨析。形容詞shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的；她看到我很著急，笑著安慰我。故B正確。34.C 考查上下文串聯。根據30空可知我要預定回家的航班的機票，本句中Rani很快幫我把機票打印出來。故C正確。35.C 考查上下文串聯。副詞hopefully充滿希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefu

27、lly感激地；regretfully遺憾地；對方如此迅速地幫我把機票打印出來，而且一直面帶微笑，這讓我心存感激。故C項正確。【名師點睛】 本篇完形填空很好地體現出重在考查語篇理解能力，且不在情節(jié)上、詞匯考查大做文章的趨勢。其中對于語篇的上下文復現考查非常之多，有一半左右的答案可以在上下文中找到。如，根據第一段的描述，以及26空后“only by phone”可知本文介紹的是電話，人們可以通過電話了解你。 語篇復現的信息包括原詞復現、同義詞和反義詞復現、上義詞和下義詞復現、概括詞復現和代詞復現等。語篇中有詞匯和結構同現的現象，如與語篇話題相關、意義相關的詞匯同時出現，結構同現，同義同現，修飾同現

28、，因果同現等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。如：Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasntemptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew_44_,dressedneatly.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion【分析】名詞同現，空格前出現了room,furniture,curtains,aTV等同現信息可

29、知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友?？键c：考查夾敘夾議類閱讀3.【2016全國新課標III】完形填空（共20小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。When I was13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant 21 Miller King,who was the best 22 at our school.Football season started in September

30、and all summer long I worked out.I carried my football everywhere for 23.Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from 24 .He looked very 25 ,but he didnt cry.That season,I 26 all of Millersrecords while he 27 the home games from th

31、e bench.We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers 29 .One afternoon,I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fencewhich wasnt 31 to climb if you had both arms.Im sure I was the last person in the world

32、 he wanted to accept 32 from.But even that challenge he accepted.I 33 him move slowly over the fence.When we were finally 34 on the other side,he said to me,You know,I didnt tell you this during the season,but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for 36 .His words freed me from my bad 37.I thought t

33、o myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was 38 ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him.From that day on，I grew 40 and a little more real.21.A. cheering for B.beating out C. relying on D.staying with22.A.coach B.student C. teacher D.player23.A.practice B.

34、show C. comfort D.pleasure24.A.school B. vacation C. hospital D.training25.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D.ashamed26.A. held B. broke C. set D.tried27.A.reported B.judged C. organized D.watched28.A.and B. then C. but D.thus29.A. decision B. mistake C.accident D.sacrifice30.A.stuck B. hurt C. tried D.lo

35、st31.A. steady B. hard C. fun D.fit32. A.praise B. advice C. assistance D.apology33.A.let B. helped C. had D.noticed34.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D.safe35.A.fine B.wrong C. quickly D.normally36.A. us B. yourself C. me D.them37.A.memories B. ideas C. attitudes D.dreams38.A.still B. also C. yet D.

36、just39.A. challenged B.cured C. invited D.admired40.A.healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D.cooler【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B21.B考查動詞短語辨析。A. cheering for為歡呼；B. beating out打?。籆. relying on依靠；D. staying with和.待在

37、一起。根據“become the star on our football team”可知，要想成為球隊里的明星，就要打敗最優(yōu)秀的球員，故選B。26.B考查動詞辨析。A. held握??；B. broke打破；C. set創(chuàng)立，開創(chuàng)；D. tried嘗試。根據“records記錄”可知，作者破了Miller的紀錄，故選B。27.D考查動詞辨析。A.reported報告；B. judged 判斷；C. organized組織；D. watched觀看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受傷后的Miller坐在長凳上觀看比賽，故選D。28.C考查并列連

38、詞。A.and和；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. thus因此。I was named most valuable player和I often had crazy dreams形成對比，作者雖然被封為最有價值球員，但是他總是做噩夢，故選C。29.C考查名詞辨析。A. decision決定；B. mistake錯誤；C. accident事故；D. sacrifice犧牲。讓作者感到內疚的是，仿佛是自己應該為Miller的事故負責，作者覺得有點勝之不武，故選C。30.A考查形容詞辨析。A.stuck；B. hurt；C. tired勞累的；D. lost丟失的。saw Miller

39、 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻籬笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻籬笆很困難，因此應該是被卡在籬笆上了，故選A。31.B考查形容詞辨析。A. steady穩(wěn)定的；B. hard困難的；C. fun有趣的；D. fit合適的，健康的。if you had both arms.手臂健全的人翻籬笆不費吹灰之力，故選B。32.C考查名詞辨析。A.praise表揚；B. advice建議；C. assistance幫助；D. apology道歉。作者認為Miller最不愿接受作者的幫助，the last最不可能的，故選C。33.B考查動詞辨析。A.let讓；B. he

40、lped幫助；C. had有，使；D. noticed注意到。根據“he accepted”可知，Miller接受了作者的幫助，故選B。34.D考查形容詞辨析。A. dropped；B. ready準備好的；C. trapped被困住的；D. safe安全的。作者和Miller兩人成功翻過籬笆，故選D。39.D考查動詞辨析。A. challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B. cured治愈；C. invited邀請；D. admired敬佩，贊賞，欣賞。I was right to have 39 him.作者認為自己敬佩Miller沒有做錯，故選D。40.B考查形容詞比較級。A.healthier更健康的

41、；B. bigger更大的，更重要的，更成功的；C. cleverer更聰明的；D. cooler更酷的，更涼的。從那天起，作者長大了許多，更重視自己的存在了，故選B?？键c：生活故事類短文閱讀【名師點睛】完形填空具體解題技巧：【技巧一】利用邏輯關系語，定位相關選項邏輯關系語指表示各種邏輯意義的連句手段，主要有：（1）詞（包括連詞、副詞和少數介詞），如and,but,or,because,though,however,yet,therefore,otherwise,despite等；（2）短語，如inotherwords,orrather,inaddition,asaresult,sothat,

42、onthecontrary,insteadof等；（3）分句和獨立結構，如thatistosay,whatismore,allthingsconsidered等。邏輯關系語對準確理解語篇意義能夠起到很強的提示作用。完形填空中很多題目都圍繞它們而設。考生在解題時要充分利用這些邏輯關系語，找到與文中某些詞、短語有密切關系的選項，如其同義詞、近義詞或反義詞等，有時這些詞、短語甚至復現在文中?！炯记啥客〞陨舷挛囊?，注意習慣搭配詞匯的習慣用法或固定搭配，特別是動詞、名詞、形容詞、介詞等的搭配在完形填空題中出現的比例很大。如果考生在備考時對常用的習慣用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解題時靈活運用，就能達

43、到事半功倍的效果?！炯记扇棵鞔_文章語境，搞清詞語差異高考完形填空選項的設置一般均屬于同一詞類，有的甚至在意義上也非常接近。為了順利解答此類問題，考生在平時記憶單詞時，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考試中結合語境，比較四個選項的細微差別，推敲什么是最佳答案。【技巧四】探究前后邏輯，確定連接詞匯連接詞是構成語篇的紐帶，也是相關語句信息的結合點。命題人常在這些“關節(jié)”上設置題目，考查學生的語用能力。因此，考生在解題時，要仔細分析，推理前后的邏輯關系，確定最佳選項。4.【2016北京】完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個

44、選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上講該項涂黑。A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(傳染的)disease mainly affecting children.

45、 The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 39 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by

46、ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nomes town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there,

47、dogeled(狗拉雪橇)driversknown as “mushers”would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannons face was black from the extreme cold.On January

48、 31,a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick ch

49、ildren of Nome.But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕跡)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. Th

50、e only hope was Balto,Kaasens lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had found the trail.At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and h

51、is dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.Nome had been 55 .36.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured37.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless38.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However39.A.airport B.station

52、 C. harbor D.border40.A.narrow B. snowy C.busy D.dirty41.A.From B.On C.By D.After42.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick43.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic44.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road45.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give46.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If47.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross48.A.shameful B.borin

53、g C.dangerous D.foolish49.A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die50.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination51.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change52.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning53.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play54.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived55.A.controlledB.saved C.founded D.developed【答案】38. D考查副

54、詞辨析。A.Moreover而且；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否則；D.However然而。然而，最近的藥品供應站距離諾姆一千多里，前后是轉折關系，故選D。39. C考查名詞辨析。A.airport機場； B.station車站；C. harbor 港口；D.border邊境。根據“so it couldnt come by ship”可知，這里指港口結冰，故選C。40. B考查形容詞辨析。A.narrow狹窄的；B. snowy被雪覆蓋的；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty臟的。根據第一段可知，大雪覆蓋了道路，汽車和馬都不能通行，故選B。41. C考查介詞辨析。A.From從，自；B.On在.上面；C.By通過，在.之前；D.After在.之后。by+時間，與完成時連用，后跟過去的時間，用過去完成時；跟將來的時間，用將來完成時，故選C。42. D考查形容詞辨析。A.tired勞累的；B.up