九年級英語巧記直接引語變間接引語冀教版

1、直接引語變間接引語說話人直接引用別人的原話叫直接引語。說話人用自己的話把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來叫間接引語。如何變?nèi)朔Q：口訣：“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新“第一人稱看主語，第二人稱看賓語，賓語假設(shè)是不存在，活用代詞I, me, my。 注：“一隨主是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如： She said,“My brother wants to go with me. She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二隨賓是指直接引語變間接引語時，假設(shè)從句中的主語及賓語是第二人

2、稱，或被第二人你所修飾，從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如： He said to Kate,“How is your sister now? He asked Kate how her sister was then. “第三人稱不更新是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如： Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker. Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.如何變時態(tài)：口訣：“主句謂語動詞現(xiàn)在將來一般時，

3、直引只變?nèi)朔Q用原句，主句的謂語動詞一般過去時，間引時態(tài)向后升一級; 主句的謂語動詞一般過去時，直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 直接引語間接引語 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時 一般過去時 過去完成時 過去完成時 過去完成時 一般將來時 過去將來時 如：1) She said,“I have lost a pen. She said she had lost a pen.2) She said,“We hope so. She said they hoped so.3) She said,“He will go to see his fr

4、iend. She said he would go to see his friend. 但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。 直接引語是客觀真理、引用格言時。 “The earth moves around the sun. the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun 直接引語是過去進行時，時態(tài)不變。如： Jack said,“John, where were you going when I met you in the street? Jack asked

5、 John where he was going when he met him in the street. 直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如： Xiao Wang said,“I was born on April 2l, 1980. Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如： He said,“I get up at six every morning. He said he gets up at six ever

6、y morning. 如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式例：ought to，had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時，例：could, should, would, might不再變。如： Peter said,“You had better come have today. Peter said I had better go there that day.如何變狀語： 直引變間引，狀語變化應(yīng)遵循：時狀今變昔，地狀近變遠，指示這變那，動作來變?nèi)ブ苯右Z變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在改為“原來 例：now 變?yōu)?then, yesterday

7、變?yōu)?the day before地點狀語， 尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此改為“彼例：this 改為 that),如： He said,“These books are mine. He said those books were his. 直接引語 間接引語時 now then today that day this week(month ) that week(month)間 yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before Last week(year ) The week(year )

8、 before狀 Three days(a year, years ) ago Three days(a year, years ) before tomorrow The next(following) day The day after tomorrowTwo days later(in two days time)語 Next week(year, month ) The next(following)week(year, month )指示代詞 this that these those 地點狀語 here there動 詞 come go Bring take 如何變句型：1. 直接

9、引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。直接引語陳述句，去掉引號加that，引述動詞say ,tell, repeat, explain, think，人稱變化要靈活，時態(tài)向后退一步，狀語變化按規(guī)定。 如：She said, “My brother doesnt want to go there. She said that her brother didnt want to go there. She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes. She said that their bus would arrive in fi

10、ve minutes.，間接引語為陳述語序：主句的謂語動詞say 改為ask,或改為wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。 直接引語疑問句，間接引語陳述序，引導(dǎo)動詞say要變，ask，wonder，do not know，want to know，be not sure，be puzzled據(jù)語氣。直接引語一般、反意疑問句，去掉引號加if/whether，直接引語選擇疑問句，whetheror帶賓從句,陳述語序要記住，時態(tài)人稱和狀語，小心變化別馬虎。 I asked her, “Do you study Engl

11、ish here? I asked her if she studied English there. She said, Do you often come here to read newspapers? She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers. She asked me , You have seen the film, havent you? She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film. I asked him, Will you stay at ho

12、me or go to a film tonight? I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. He said,“Can you swim, John? He asked John if he could swim. “You have finished the homework, havent you?my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.直接引語是特殊疑問句，直接去引號，陳述莫忘掉，小心

13、助動詞，丟它最重要。 “What do you want? he asked me. He asked me what I wanted. She asked me,“When do they have their dinner? She asked me when they had their dinner.3.直接引語是祈使句時,間接引語為不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動詞的賓語補足語dont 變?yōu)閚ot .直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為“tell(ask, order, beg 等) sb (not) to do sth.句型。

14、直接引語為祈使句變成間接引語時，要變成以下格式： ask sb. (not) to do sth. 表示客氣 tell sb. (not) to do sth.命令性強于上面 order sb. (not) to do sth. 命令性最強直接引語祈使句，間接引語不定式，去掉引號要加to；ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise,帶賓補，直接引語是否認式，not加在to前部。 如：The teacher said to her mother, “Please give me the book. The teacher asked her mother to gi

15、ve her the book. The teacher said to her mother, “Dont give me the book. The teacher told her mother not to give her the book.“Dont make any noise,she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,said she. She asked him to bring her a cu

16、p of tea.注意：直接引語如果是以“Lets開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest +動名詞或從句。如： He said, Lets go to the film. He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 4.直接引語是感慨句時，間接引語為what 或how 引導(dǎo)，也可以用that 引導(dǎo)。 直接引語感慨句，what 、how 來引導(dǎo)，間引仍用感慨句，有時也用that引，間引語序要調(diào)整，陳述語序最要緊。She said, What a lovely da

17、y it is !She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.直接引語變間接引語練習(xí)題1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.2She said: “He will be busy.3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?6The teacher said to the

18、students, “Dont waste your time.7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.13Th

19、e engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy. 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said

20、, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.19I said to him, “I have finished it.20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.21“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen? the young man asked.22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition, the little boy said happily. 23“Light trave

21、ls faster than sound, the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening? Mary asked me.25“What did you do here yesterday? the old man asked my brother.直接引語變間接引語專練題二.單項選擇1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how mu

22、ch did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film? he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window, he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C.

23、 asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher, Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty. He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that th

24、e boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you? she asked.She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.7. He asked , “ Are you a

25、 Party member or a League member? He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.8. He asked, “How are you getting along? He asked _. A. how am I gett

26、ing along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along9. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter10. He said, “Dont do that again. He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me;

27、dont do C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞：1. “I never eat meat. he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet. he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me. she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun

28、 rises in the east and goes down in the west.The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday. he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.6. “You must come here before five. he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.

29、 he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8. “Did you see her last week? he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these d

30、ays? he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives? he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Stop making so much noise, children. he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14. “Dont tell him the news. she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intest

31、ed in this? he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the s

32、tudents not to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11 He said they are still students.12 He told me that he was born in 1978.13 The

33、engineer said he was at college in 1967.14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.16 Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17 He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18 She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19 I told him I had finished it.20 She told us she would come here tomorrow21 The young man asked Karen where her chemistry tea